JMS, Vol. 57, No. 4, 2021
DEEP-LEVEL MINERAL MINING IN SIBERIA AND RUSSIAN FAR EAST: ACTUAL OBJECTIVES AND TRENDS OF RESEARCH
M. V. Kurlenya
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: Kurlenya@misd.ru
The author proposes an R&D program for deep-level mineral mining in Siberia and Russian Far East. The article exposes the formulation and solution of the problems connected with the analysis of physical state of the subsoil, and describes the concept of engineering and modernization of mining machines, as well as development of resource-saving technologies for mining coal, metallic and barren minerals, including justification of process flow diagrams and robotization of operations involved in mineral mining, processing and conversion, and subsoil management.
Subsoil, depth, mining, mineral mining systems, process flow robotization, mining machines, mineral processing and conversion
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040013
REFERENCES
1. Bedard, N., Boulanger, H., Cousin, P., Lombardi, D., Mercier, A., and Prince, C., Technical Report on the Lapa Gold Project, Cadillac Township, Quebec, Canada, Report Prepared for Agnico-Eagle Mines Limited, 2006.
2. Jakubec, J., Woodward, R., Boggis, B., Clark, L., and Lewis, P., Underground Mining at Ekati and Diavik Diamond Mines, Proc. of the 11th Int. Kimberlite Conf., Botswana, 2017.
3. Robles-Stefoni, L. and Dimitrakopoulos, R., Stochastic Simulation of the Fox Kimberlitic Diamond Pipe, Ekati Mine, Northwest Territories, Canada, J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall., 2016, vol. 116, no. 2, pp. 189–200.
4. Brzovica, A. and Villaescusa, E., Rock Mass Characterization and Assessment of Block-Forming Geological Discontinuities during Caving of Primary Copper Ore at the El Teniente Mine, Chile, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 2007, vol. 44, pp. 565–583.
5. Podvishenskiy, S.N., Iofin, S.L., Ivanovskiy, E.S., and Gal’perin, V.G., Tekhnika i tekhnologiya dobychi rud za rubezhom (Ore Mining Equipment and Technology in Foreign Countries), Moscow: Nedra, 1986.
6. Slavikovskiy, Î.V., Podzemnaya razraborka mestorozhdenii rud tsvetnykh metallov na bol’shikh glubinakh za rubezhom (Underground Mining of Nonferrous Metal Ores at Great Depths in Foreign Countries), Moscow: TsNIIEITsM, 1983.
7. Bronnikov, D.Ì., Zamesov, N.F., and Bogdanov, G.I., Razrabotka rud na bol’shikh glubinakh (Ore Mining at Great Depths), Moscow: Nedra, 1982.
8. Zamesov, N.F., Ainbinder, I.I., and Burtsev, L.I., Razvitie intensivnykh metodov dobychi rud na bol’shikh glubinakh (Development of Intensive Methods for Ore Mining at Great Depths), Moscow: IPKON AN SSSR, 1990.
9. Gal’perin, V.G., Yukhimov, Ya.I., and Barsuk, I.V., Opyt razrabotki mestorozhdenii na bol’shikh glubinakh za rubezhom (Experience of Mining Deep-Level Deposits in Foreign Countries), Moscow: TsNIIEITsM, 1986.
10. Ugol’naya promyshlennost’ Kuzbassa. Osnovnye pokazateli raboty (Coal Industry of Kuzbass. Key Performance Indicators), Kemerovo, IVSh, 2018.
11. Neverov, À.À., Development of Scientific Foundations of Combined Underground Technologies for Mining Thick Gently Dipping Ore Deposits in Complicated Geomechanical Conditions, Doctor Tech. Sci. Thesis, Novosibirsk, 2020.
12. Nikol’skiy, À.Ì., Substantiation of Underground Geotechnologies for Mining Yakutian Diamond Deposits, Doctor Tech. Sci. Thesis, Novosibirsk, 2019.
13. Neverov, S.À., Substantiation of Underground Geotechnologies with Caving of Ore and Enclosing Rocks when Extracting Thick Gently Dipping Deposits in Conditions of Increasing Depth of Mining, Doctor Tech. Sci. Thesis, Novosibirsk, 2021.
14. Gusev, Yu.P., Berezikov, Å. P., Krupnik, L.À., Shaposhnik, Yu.N., and Shaposhnik, S.N., Resource-Saving Ore Mining Technologies in the Maleevsky Mine of Zyryanovsky MPP, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2008, no. 11, pp. 20–22.
15. Ainbinder, I.I., Galchenko, Yu.P., Ovcharenko, Î.V., and Patskevich, P.G., Main Trends of Geotechnological Development for Underground Mining of Ore Deposits at Great Depths, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2017, no. 11, pp. 65–70.
16. Kurlenya, Ì.V., Eremenko, À.À., and Shrepp, B.V., Geomekhanicheskie problemy razrabotki zhelezorudnykh mestorozhdenii Sibiri (Geomechanical Problems of Mining Iron Ore Deposits in Siberia), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2001.
17. Zamesov, N.F., Sozdanie i sovershenstvovanie tekhnologii ochistnoi vyemki i printsipy konstruirovaniya sistem v usloviyakh bol’shikh glubin. Problemy podzemnoi ekspluatatsii rudnykh mestorozhdenii na bol’shikh glubinakh: sb. tr. (Creation and Improvement of Stoping Technology and Principles of Designing Systems in Conditions of Great Depths. Problems of Underground Mining of Ore Deposits at Great Depths: Collection of Works), Moscow: IPKON, 1985.
18. Bieniawski, Z.T., Upravlenie gornym davleniem (Rock Pressure Control), Moscow: Mir, 1990.
19. Isaev, Ê.Î., Makarov, À.B., Tereshin, À.À., and Sosunov, Yu.A., Rock Pressure Control during Slice Mining of Orlovskoye Deposit with Backfilling, Marksheid. Vestn., 1999, no. 2, pp. 23–33.
20. Lizunkin, V.Ì., Sosnovskaya, Å.L., and Beidin, À.V., Features of the Stress–Strain State of the Rock Mass at Yubileinyi Deposit, GIAB, 2014, no. 4, pp. 201–206.
21. Freidin, À.Ì., Uskov, V.À., and Neverov, À.À., Geomechanical Substantiation of One-Stage Ore Mining at the Nikolaevsky Mine Using Chamber System, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2006, no. 6, pp. 65–69.
22. Nikol’skiy, À.Ì., Kovalenko, À.À., Tishkov, Ì.V., Neverov, S.À., and Neverov, À.À., Tekhnologiya podzemnoi otrabotki podkar’ernykh zapasov v slozhnykh gorno-geologicheskikh i gornotekhnicheskikh usloviyakh (Technology of Underground Mining of Pit Reserves in Complicated Geological and Geotechnical Conditions), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2017.
23. Shaposhnik, Yu.N., Neverov, À.À., Neverov, S.À., and Nikol’skiy, À.Ì., Assessment of Influence of Voids on Phase II Mining Safety at Artemievsk Deposit, J. Min. Sci., vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 524–532.
24. Kaplunov, D.R., and Lomonosov, G.G., Main Problems of Subsoil Development in Underground Mining of Ore Deposits, Gornyi Zhurnal, 1999, no. 1, pp. 42–45.
25. Arshavskiy, V.V. and Tapsiev, À.P., Improvement of Mining Technology at the Mines of Norilsk Industrial Region, Tsvet. Metally, 2003, nos. 8–9, pp. 17–20.
26. Khar’kov, À.V. and Bodrenkov, À.Å., Control of Geomechanical State of the Rock Mass at Gaisky Underground Mine, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2011, no. 4, pp. 72–76.
GEOMECHANICS
IMPACT OF OPEN PIT MINING IN GORLOVKA COAL BASIN ON LARGE EARTHQUAKES
S. B. Kishkina*, G. G. Kocharyan, A. M. Budkov, G. N. Ivanchenko, and D. N. Loktev
Academician Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, 119334 Russia
*e-mail: geospheres@idg.chph.ras.ru
The implemented research aimed to assess the impact of open pit coal mining in Gorlovka deposit on the seismicity in the Iskitim area of the Novosibirsk Region. The seismic vibrations induced by large-scale blasting are analyzed, the seismic event potential is estimated, and the strain accumulation at a high-stress fault under seismic load is assessed. A key potential trigger was assumed as the change of the stress field parameters. Relaxation of rock mass from stresses due to formation of a pit and the extra loading of rock mass by dumps are calculated numerically and estimated analytically as two major factors of induced effect on static stresses. For the correct selection of computation parameters, the geology and the main physical/mechanical properties of rocks mass in the coal mining area are analyzed, and the main mechanical parameters of the most significant structural faults are selected.
Induced seismicity, mining operations, induced earthquakes, coulomb stress, faulting zone
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040025
REFERENCES
1. Adushkin, V.V. and Turuntaev, S. B. Tekhnogennaya seismichnost’—indutsirovannaya i triggernaya (Stimulated Seismicity: Induced and Triggered), Moscow: IDG RAN, 2015.
2. Foulger, G.R., Wilson, M.P., Gluyas, J.G., Julian, B.R., and Davies, R.J., Global Review of Human-Induced Earthquakes, Earth-Science Rev., 2018, vol. 178, pp. 438–514.
3. Adushkin, V.V., Stimulated Earthquakes, Izv. vuzov, Fiz. Zemli, 2016, no. 2, pp. 22–44.
4. Kocharyan, G.G. and Kishkina, S.B., Initiation of Tectonic Earthquakes Caused by Surface Mining, Journal of Mining Science, 2018, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 744–750.
5. Malovichko, D.A., Solikamsk 5 Jan 1995 Earthquake Mechanism, Fiz. Mezomekh., 2004, no. 7 (1), pp. 75–90.
6. Li, T., Cai, M.F., and Cai, M., A Review of Mining-Induced Seismicity in China, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 2007, vol. 44, pp. 1149–1171.
7. Kocharyan, G.G., Batukhtin, I.V., Budkov, A.m., Ivanchenko, G.N., Kishkina, S.B., and Pavlov, D.V., Initiation of Stimulated Dynamic Slipping along Faults, Geofiz. Protsessy i Biosfera, 2019, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 104–116.
8. Emanov A. F., Emanov, A.A., Fateev, A.V., Podkorytova, V.G., Kuprish, O.V., and Shevkunova, E.V., 9 Jan 2019 Kolyvan Earthquake with ML = 4.3 at Novosibirsk, InterExpo-GeoSibir Conference Proceedings, 2019, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 36–45.
9. Emanov A. F., Emanov, A.A, and Pavlenko, O.V., Magnitude ML = 4.3 Jan 9, 2019 Kolyvan Earthquake and Induced Seismicity Features in the Gorlovka Coal Basin, Vopr. Inzhener. Seismol., 2019, no. 4, pp. 29–45.
10. Kocharyan, G.G., Geomekhanika razlomov (Geomechanics of Faults), Moscow: Geos, 2016.
11. Mushketov, I. and Orlov, A., Katalog zempletryasenii Rossiiskoi Imperii (Russian Empire Earthquake Catalog), Saint-Petersburg: Tipogr. Imperator. Akad. Nauk, 1890.
12. Kishkina, S.B., Parameters of Seismic Effect Produced by Massive Short-Delayed Blasts, Vestn. NYATS RK, 2004, no. 2, pp. 171–178.
13. Goncharov, A.I., Kulikov, V.I., Mineev, V.I., and Sedochenko, V.V., Seismic Effect of Massive Blasting in Open Pit and Underground Mining, Dinamicheskie protsessy vo vzaimodeistvuyushchikh sferakh: sb. nauch. tr. IDG RAN (Dynamic Processes in Interacting Spheres: Collected Papers of the Institute of Mining of the Russian Academy of Sciences), Moscow: Geos, 2006, pp. 22–33.
14. Emanov, A.F., Emanov, A.A., Serezhnikov, N.A., Fateev, A.V., Vorona, U.Yu., and Shevkunova, E.V., Seismology Monitoring of Blasting in Industry as an Efficient Approach to Seismic Effect Control in Subsoil, InterExpo-GeoSibir Conference Proceedings, 2019, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 56–66.
15. Bachmanov, D.M., Kozhurin, A.I., and Trifonov, V.G., Data Base on Active Faults in the Eurasia, Geodinamika Tektonofizika, 2019, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 711–736.
16. Emanov, A.F., Emanov, A.A., and Fateev, A.V., Magnitude ML = 6.1, I0 = 7 June 18, 2013 Earthquake in Kuzbass, Ross. Seismol. Zh., 2020, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 48–61.
17. Kocharyan, G.G., Budkov, A.M., and Kishkina, S.B., Initiation of Tectonic Earthquakes during Underground Mining, Journal of Mining Science, 2018, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 561–568.
18. Das, S. and Scholz, C.H., Off-Fault Aftershock Clusters Caused by Shear Stress Increase, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 1983, vol. 71, pp. 1669–1675.
19. King, G. C. P., Stein, R.S., and Lin, J., Static Stress Changes and the Triggering of Earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 1994, vol. 84, pp. 935–953.
20. Arkhipov, V.N., Borisov, V.A., Budkov, A.M., Val’ko, V.V., Galiev, A.M., Goncharova, O.P., Zaikov, I.M., Zamyshlyaev, B.V., Knestyapin, A.M., Korolev, V.S., Kuzovlev, V.D., Makarov, V.E., Seliverstov, I.Yu., Semenov, G.I., Smaznov, V.V., Smirnov, E.I., and Ushakov, O.N., Mekhanicheskoe deistvie yadernogo vzryva (Mechanical Work of Nuclear Explosion), Moscow: Fizmatlit, 2003.
THE ENHANCEMENT OF MINE WASTE STABILITY USING BIOCEMENTATION
Sheyda Parvizi*, Ramin Doostmohammadi**, and Foruzan Ghasemian Roodsari***
University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
*e-mail: parvizi.shayda@gmail.com
**e-mail: ramin.doostmohammadi@znu.ac.ir
***e-mail: f_ghasemian@znu.ac.ir
There are large amounts of waste deposits around mines and mineral processing plants, and their instability is one of the major concerns in mining industries. One of the methods to amend the waste deposit stability is the strength enhancement. Biocement is a method for improvement of the ground using microorganisms to precipitate calcium carbonate between geomaterial particles. For this process, Sporosarcina pasteurii bacteria is used to activate the calcite precipitation to increase the strength of Angouran mine waste. In this research, the effect of biocementation on increasing the strength of waste is investigated. The results of laboratory tests show that wave velocity and uniaxial compressive strength were considerably increased with number of injections. Also, the compressive strength of samples under initial load is increased in comparison to unloading modes. Therefore, utilizing the proposed method promotes the mine waste stabilization.
Consolidation of mine wastes, uniaxial compressive strengths, biocement, microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation, Sporosarcina pasteurii bacteria
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040037
REFERENCES
1. Anbu, P., Kang, C.H., Shin, Y., and So, J.S., Formations of Calcium Carbonate Minerals by Bacteria and Its Multiple Applications, Springerplus, 2016, vol. 5, p. 250.
2. Perez-Marin, A.B., Ballester, A., Gonzalez, F., Blazquez, M.L., Munoz, J.A., Saez, J., and Meseguer Zapata, V., Study of Cadmium, Zinc, and Lead Biosorption by Orange Wastes Using the Subsequent Addition Method, Bioresour. Technol., 2008, vol. 99, pp. 8101–8106.
3. Guo, H., Luo, S., Chen, L., Xiao, X., Xi, Q., Wei, W., Zeng, G., Liu, C., Wan, Y., Chen, J., and He, Y., Bioremediation of Heavy Metals by Growing Hyperaccumulator Endophytic Bacterium Bacillus Sp. L14, Bioresour. Technol., 2010, vol. 101, pp. 8599–8605.
4. Fu, F. and Wang, Q., Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewaters: A Review, J. Environ. Manage., 2011, vol. 92, pp. 407–418.
5. Li, M., Cheng, X., and Guo, H., Heavy Metal Removal by Biomineralization of Urease Producing Bacteria Isolated from Soil, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 2013, vol. 76, pp. 81–85.
6. Ivanov, V. and Stabnikov, V., Construction Biotechnology, Green Energy and Technology, Springer Nature, 2017.
7. Stabnikov, V., Chu, J., Ivanov, V., and Li, Y., Halotolerant, Alkaliphilic Urease-Producing Bacteria from Different Climate Zones and their Application for Biocementation of Sand, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2013, vol. 29, pp. 1453–1460.
8. Khodadadi, H. and Bilsel, H., Application of Microorganisms for Improvement of Liquefiable Sand, Int. Conf. on New Developments in Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Nicosia, North Cyprus, 2012.
9. Basha, E.A., Hashim, R., Mahmud, H.B., and Muntohar, A.S., Stabilization of Residual Soil with Rice Husk Ash and Cement, Constr. Build. Mater., 2005, vol. 19, pp. 448–453.
10. DeJong, J., Mortensen, B.M., Martinez, B.C., and Nelson, D.C., Bio-Mediated Soil Improvement, Ecol. Eng., 2010, vol. 3, pp. 197–210.
11. Ivanov, V. and Chu, J., Applications of Microorganisms to Geotechnical Engineering for Bioclogging and Biocementation of Soil in Situ, Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol., 2008, vol. 7, pp. 139–153.
12. Wang, Z., Zhang, N., Cai, G., Jin, Y., Ding, N., and Shen, D., Review of Ground Improvement Using Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP), Marine Georesources and Geotechnology, 2017, vol. 35, pp. 1135–1146.
13. DeJong, J., Fritzges, M., and Nusslein, K., Microbially Induced Cementation to Control Sand Response to Undrained Shear, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 2006, vol. 32, pp. 1381–1392.
14. Sotoudehfar, A.R., Sadeghi, M.M., Mokhtari, E., and Shafiei, F., Assessment of the Parameters Influencing Microbial Calcite Precipitation in Injection Experiments Using Taguchi Methodology, Geomicrobiol. J., 2016, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 163–172.
15. Martinez, B.C., DeJong, J.T., and Ginn, T.R., Bio-Geochemical Reactive Transport Modeling of Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation to Predict the Treatment of Sand in One-Dimensional Flow, Comput. Geotech., 2014, vol. 58, pp. 1–13.
16. Whiffin, V.S., Van Paassen, L., and Harkes, M.P., Microbial Carbonate Precipitation as a Soil Improvement Technique, Geomicrobiol. J., 2007, vol. 24, pp. 417–423.
17. Lian, J., Xu, H., He, X., Yan, Y., Fu, D., Yan, S., and Qi, H., Biogrouting of Hydraulic Fill Fine Sands for Reclamation Projects, Marine Georesources and Geotechnology, 2018, vol. 37, pp. 1–11.
18. Seifan, M., Khajeh Samani, A., and Berenjian, A., Bioconcrete: Next Generation of Self-Healing Concrete, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016, vol. 100, pp. 2591–2602.
19. De Muynck, W., De Belie, N., and Verstraete, W., Microbial Carbonate Precipitation in Construction Materials: A Review, Ecol. Eng., 2010, vol. 36, pp. 118–136.
20. Al-Salloum, Y., Hadi, S., Abbas, H., Almusallam, T., and Moslem, M.A., Bio-Induction and Bioremediation of Cementitious Composites Using Microbial Mineral Precipitation: A Review, Construction and Building Materials, 2017, vol. 154, pp. 857–876.
21. Paassen, L., Ghose, R., Linden, T., Star, W., and Loosdrecht, M., Quantifying Biomediated Ground Improvement by Ureolysis: Large-Scale Biogrout Experiment, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 2010, vol. 136, pp. 1721–1728.
22. Bernardi, D., DeJong, J.T., Montoya, B.M., and Martinez, B.C., Bio-Bricks: Biologically Cemented Sandstone Bricks, Construction and Building Materials, 2014, vol. 55, pp. 462–469.
23. Stabnikov, V., Ivanov, V., and Chu, J., Construction Biotechnology: A New Era of Biotechnological Research and Applications, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2015, vol. 31, pp. 1303–1314.
24. Chu, J., Ivanov, V., Naeimi, M., Stabnikov, V., and Liu, H.L., Optimization of Calcium-Based Bioclogging and Biocementation of Sand, Acta Geotech., 2014, vol. 9, pp. 277–285.
25. Cuthbert, M.O., McMillan, L.A., Handley-Sidhu, S., Riley, M.S., Tobler, D.J., and Phoenix, V.R., A Field and Modeling Study of Fractured Rock Permeability Reduction Using Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2013, vol. 47, pp. 13637–13643.
26. Ivanov, V., Chu, J., and Stabnikov, V., Basics of Construction Microbial Biotechnology, Biotechnologies Biomimetics Civil Engineering, Springer, 2015, pp. 21–5.
27. Yang, Y., Chu, J., Xiao, Y., Liu, H., and Cheng, L., Seepage Control in Sand Using Bioslurry, Construction and Building Materials, 2019, vol. 212, pp. 342–349.
28. Salifu, E., MacLachlan, E., Iyer, K.R., Knapp, W.C., and Tarantino, A., Application of Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation in Erosion Mitigation and Stabilization of Sandy Soil Foreshore Slopes: A Preliminary Investigation, Eng. Geology, 2016, vol. 201, pp. 96–105.
29. DeJong J. T., Soga K., Kavazanjian E., Burns S., Van Paassen, L., Al Qabany, A., et al., Biogeochemical Processes and Geotechnical Applications: Progress, Opportunities and Challenges, Geotechnique, 2013, vol. 63, pp. 287–301.
30. Grabiec, A.M., Starzyk, J., Stefaniak, K., Wierzbicki, J., and Zawal, D., On Possibility of Improvement of Compacted Silty Soils Using Biodeposition Method, Construction and Building Materials, 2017, vol. 138, pp. 134–140.
31. Phillips, A., Troyer, E., Hiebert, R., Kirkland, C., Gerlach, R., Cunningham, A.B., Spangler, L., Kirksey, J., Rowe, W., and Esposito, R., Enhancing Wellbore Cement Integrity with Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP): A Field Scale Demonstration, J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 2018, vol. 171, pp. 1141–1148.
32. Mitchell, C.A. and Ferris, F.G., Effect of Strontium Contaminants upon the Size and Solubility of Calcite Crystals Precipitated by the Bacterial Hydrolysis of Urea, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2006, vol. 40, pp. 1008–1014.
33. Achal, V., Mukherjee, A., Basu, P.C., and Reddy, M.S., Strain Improvement of Sporosarcina Pasteurii for Enhanced Urease and Calcite Production, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2009, vol. 36, pp. 981–988.
34. Tobler, D.J., Cuthbert, M.O., Greswell, R.B., Riley, M.S., Renshaw, J.C., Handley-Sidhu, S., and Phoenix, V., Comparison of Rates of Ureolysis between Sporosarcina Pasteurii and an Indigenous Groundwater Community under Conditions Required to Precipitate Large Volumes of Calcite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 2011, vol. 75, pp. 3290–3301.
35. Cuthbert, M.O., Riley, M.S., Handley-Sidhu, S., Renshaw, J.C., Tobler, D.J., Phoenix, V., and Mackay, R., Controls on the Rate of Ureolysis and the Morphology of Carbonate Precipitated by S. Pasteurii Biofilms and Limits due to Bacterial Encapsulation, Ecol. Eng., 2012, vol. 41, pp. 32–40.
36. Al Qabany, A.A., Soga, K., and Santamarina, C., Factors Affecting Efficiency of Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 2012, vol. 138, pp. 992–1001.
37. Gorospe, C.M., Han, S.H., Kim, S.G., Park, J.Y., Kang, C.H., Jeong, J.H., and So, J.S., Effects of Different Calcium Salts on Calcium Carbonate Crystal Formation by Sporosarcina Pasteurii KCTC 3558, Biotechnol. Bioproc. Eng., 2013, vol. 18, pp. 903–908.
38. Sharma, A. and Ramkrishnan, R., Study on Effect of Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitates on Strength of Fine Grained Soils, Perspectives Sci., 2016, vol. 8, pp. 198–202.
39. Cardoso, R., Pires, I., Duarte, S., and Monteiro, G., Effects of Clay’s Chemical Interactions on Biocementation, Applied Clay Sci., 2018, vol. 156, pp. 96–103.
40. Malkowski, P. and Ostrowski, L., The Methodology for the Young Modulus Derivation for Rocks and its Value, Symposium of the International Society for Rock Mechanics, Procedia Eng., 2017, vol. 191, pp. 134–141.
41. Santi, P., Holschen, J., and Stephenson, R., Improving Elastic Modulus Measurements for Rock Based on Geology, Environmental Eng. Geoscience, 2000, vol. 6, pp. 333–346.
ROCK FAILURE
CURVING OF NORMAL TENSION CRACK PATH IN BRITTLE FRACTURE
V. D. Kurguzov* and A. G. Demeshkin
Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
*e-mail: kurguzov@hydro.nsc.ru
Fracture toughness of compact samples and polymethyl methacrylate double-cantilever beams in tension is investigated experimentally and theoretically. In loading mode I, the critical loads and propagation paths of cracks in these samples differ noticeably. The theoretical model presented is based on the energy concept. It allows predicting instability of crack propagation paths. The model includes stresses in front of the crack tip and the T-stress. The theoretical model is proved using the fracture test data on a few samples with mode I cracks. The computer modeling of crack propagation is performed in the geometrically and physically nonlinear formulation. The calculation and testing data comparison shows that the crack path instability essentially depends on geometry and can be avoided by changing the sample geometry or the type of loading.
Brittle fracture, failure criteria, crack path kink, computer model
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040049
REFERENCES
1. Erdogan, F. and Sih, G.C., On the Crack Extensions in Plates under Plane Loading and Transverse Shear, J. Basic Eng., 1963, vol. 85, pp. 519–527.
2. Cotterell, B., Notes on the Paths and Stability of Cracks, Int. J. Fract. Mech., 1966, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 526–533.
3. Goldstein, R.V. and Salganik, R.L., Brittle Fracture of Solids with Arbitrary Cracks, Int. J. Fract., 1974, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 507–523.
4. Cotterell, B. and Rice, J.R., Slightly Curved or Kinked Cracks, Int. J. Fract., 1980, vol. 16, pp. 155–169.
5. Mirsalimov, V.N., Maximum Strength of Opening in Crack-Weakened Rock Mass, J. Min. Sci., 2019, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 9–17.
6. Alekseenko, Î.P., Esipov, D.V., Kuranakov, D.S., Lapin, V.N., and Chernyi, S.G., Two-Dimensional Step-by-Step Model of Hydraulic Fracture Propagation, Vestn. NGU. Seriya: Matematika, mekhanika, informatika, 2011, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 36–59.
7. Azarov, À.V., Kurlenya, Ì.V., Serdyukov, S.V., and Patutin, À.V., Features of Hydraulic Fracturing Propagation near Free Surface in Isotropic Poroelastic Medium, J. Min. Sci., 2019, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 1–8.
8. Chao, Y.J., Liu, S., and Broviak, B.J., Brittle Fracture: Variation of Fracture Toughness with Constraint and Crack Curving under Mode I Conditions, Exp. Mech., 2001, vol. 41, pp. 232–241.
9. Berto, F. and Lazzarin, P., Recent Developments in Brittle and Quasi-Brittle Failure Assessment of Engineering Materials by Means of Local Approaches, Mat. Sci. Eng. R., 2014, vol. 75, pp. 1–48.
10. Melin, S., The Influence of the T-Stress on the Directional Stability of Cracks, Int. J. Fract., 2002, vol. 114, no. 3, pp. 259–265.
11. Gupta, M., Alderliesten, R.C., and Benedictus, R., A Review of T-stress and its Effects in Fracture Mechanics, Eng. Fract. Mech., 2015, vol. 134, pp. 218–241.
12. Matvienko, Yu.G., Two Approaches to Accounting for T-Stresses in Fracture Mechanics Criteria for Notched Bodies, Problemy Mashinost. Nadezh. Mashin, 2011, no. 5, pp. 104–110.
13. Matvienko, Yu.G., Nonsingular T-Stresses in Problems of Two-Parameter Fracture Mechanics, Zavod. Lab. Diagnost. Mat., 2012, vol. 78, no. 2, pp. 51–58.
14. Matvienko, Yu.G. and Pochinkov, R.À., Influence of Nonsingular T-Stress Components on Plastic Strain Zones at the Tip of Normal Separation Crack, Deformatsiya i razrushenie materialov, 2012, no. 3, pp. 6–14.
15. Mirsayar, M.M. and Park, P., The Role of T-Stress on Kinking Angle of Interface Cracks, Materials and Design, 2015, vol. 80, pp. 12–19.
16. Leguillon, D. and Murer, S., Crack Deflection in a Biaxial Stress State, Int. J. Fract., 2008, vol. 150, pp. 75–90.
17. Wang, X., Lewis, T., and Bell, R., Estimations of the T-Stress for Small Cracks at Notches, Eng. Fract. Mech., 2006, vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 366–375.
18. Ayatollahi, M.R., Razavi, S. M. J., Rashidi, M.M., and Berto, F., Mode I Fracture Analysis of Polymethylmetacrylate Using Modified Energy-Based Models, Phys. Mesomech., 2015, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 53–62.
19. Ayatollahi, M.R., Rashidi, M.M., Razavi, S. M. J., and Berto, F., Geometry Effects on Fracture Trajectory of PMMA Samples under Pure Mode I Loading, Eng. Fract. Mech., 2016, vol. 163, pp. 449–461.
20. Ayatollahi, M.R., Razavi, S. M. J., and Berto, F., Crack Path Stability in Brittle Fracture under Pure Mode I Loading, Procedia Structural Integrity, 2018, vol. 13, pp. 735–740.
21. Williams, M.L., On the Stress Distribution at the Base of a Stationary Crack, J. Appl. Mech., 1957, vol. 24, pp. 109–114.
22. Sih, G.C., Strain Energy Density Factor Applied to Mixed Mode Crack Problems, Int. J. Fract., 1974, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 305–321.
23. Taylor, D., The Theory of Critical Distances, Eng. Fract. Mech., 2008, vol. 75, no. 7, pp. 1696–1705.
24. Zhu, X.K. and Joyce, J.A., Review of Fracture Toughness (G, K, J, CTOD, CTOA) Testing and Standardization, Eng. Fract. Mech., 2012, vol. 85, pp. 1–46.
25. MARC 2018. Volume A: Theory and User Information, Santa Ana (CA): MSC.Software Corporation, 2018.
26. Krueger, R., Virtual Crack Closure Technique: History, Approach and Applications, Appl. Mech. Rev., 2004, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 109–143.
27. Savruk, Ì.P., Koeffitsienty intensivnosti napryazhenii v telakh s treshchinami. V 4 t. T. 2. Mekhanika razrusheniya i prochnost’ materialov (Stress Intensity Factors in Bodies with Cracks. In 4 Volumes. Vol. 2. Fracture Mechanics and Strength of Materials), Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1988.
28. Revuzhenko, À.F., Rock Failure Criteria Based on New Stress Tensor Invariants, J. Min. Sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 437–442.
29. Mikenina, Î.À. and Revuzhenko, À.F., Limit State and Failure Criteria for Media with Perfect Cohesion and Flowability, J. Min. Sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 660–664.
30. Efimov, V.P., Gradient Approach to Determination of Tensile Strength of Rocks, J. Min. Sci., 2002, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 455–459.
31. Efimov, V.P., Tensile Strength of Rocks by Test Data on Disc-Shaped Specimens with a Hole Drilled through the Disc Center, J. Min. Sci., 2016, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 878–884.
THE COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR OF CEMENTED TAILINGS BACKFILL UNDER THE ACTION OF DIFFERENT CURING TEMPERATURE AND AGE
Lizhuang Cui*, Yongyan Wang**, Zhuoqun Yu***, and Yonggang Zhang****
College of Electromechanical Engineering,
Qingdao University of Science and Technology,
Qingdao 266061, China
*e-mail: cvlizon@mails.qust.edu.cn
**e-mail: wangyongyan168@163.com
***e-mail: yzqun2007@126.com
Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering,
Ministry of Education and Department of Geotechnical Engineering,
Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China,
****e-mail: demonzhangyg@tongji.edu.cn
During the backfilling mining process, the strength of backfilling body is continuously affected by the temperature. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed on cemented tailings backfill (CTB) samples cured at different temperatures. The results show that UCS increases linearly with the increase of curing temperature during the age of 3 to 7 days, while it shows an exponential relationship with the curing temperature during the age of 7 to 28 days and the growth rate gradually slows down. As the curing temperature and age increases, the microstructure becomes denser, meanwhile, UCS becomes more sensitive to variances in age, and the failure patterns of CTB samples change from crushing failure to tensile failure. The established formula can well describe the coupling effect of curing temperature and age on UCS, which can provide a certain reference for CTB strength design and mining.
Cemented tailings backfill, curing temperature, curing age, unconfined compressive strength, microstructure
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040050
REFERENCES
1. Wang, H.J., Wang, Y.J., Li, W.C., and Qiao, J.H., The Report of Mineral Resources Saving and Comprehensive Utilization in China, Natural Resource Economics of China, 2020, vol. 33, no. 2.
2. Queiroz, H.M., Nobrega, G.N., Ferreira, T.O., Almeida, L.S., Romero, T.B., Santaella, S.T., Bernardino, A.F., and Otero, X.L., The Samarco Mine Tailing Disaster: A Possible Time-Bomb for Heavy Metals Contamination? Sci. Total Environ., 2018, 637–638: pp. 498–506.
3. Yin, G., Li, G., Wei, Z., Wan, L., Shui, G., and Jing, X., Stability Analysis of a Copper Tailings Dam via Laboratory Model Tests: A Chinese Case Study, Miner. Eng., 2011, vol. 24, pp. 122–130.
4. Sharma, R.S. and Al-Busaidi, T.S., Groundwater Pollution due to a Tailings Dam, Eng. Geol., 2001, vol. 60, pp. 235–244.
5. Fall, M., Belem, T., Samb, S., and Benzaazoua, M., Experimental Characterization of the Stress–Strain Behaviour of Cemented Paste Backfill in Compression, J. Mater. Sci., 2007, vol. 42, pp. 3914–3922.
6. Yilmaz, E., Belem, T., Bussiere, B., Mbonimpa, M., and Benzaazoua, M., Curing Time Effect on Consolidation Behaviour of Cemented Paste Backfill Containing Different Cement Types and Contents, Constr. Build. Mater., 2015, vol. 75, pp. 99–111.
7. Wu, A.X., Wang, Y., Wang, H.J., Yin, S.H., and Miao, X.X., Coupled Effects of Cement Type and Water Quality on the Properties of Cemented Paste Backfill, Int. J. Miner. Process., 2015, vol. 143, pp. 65–71.
8. Fall, M., Benzaazoua, M., and Ouellet, S., Experimental Characterization of the Influence of Tailings Fineness and Density on the Quality of Cemented Paste Backfill, Miner. Eng., 2005, vol. 18, pp. 41–44.
9. Fall, M., Benzaazoua, M., and Saa, E.G., Mix Proportioning of Underground Cemented Tailings Backfill, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technol., 2008, vol. 23, pp. 80–90.
10. Yang, K.H., Mun, J.S., and Jeong, J.E., Compressive Strength Development of High-Strength Concrete under Different Curing Temperatures, Adv. Mater. Res., 2014, vol. 905, pp. 195–198.
11. Kim, J.K., Moon, Y.H., and Eo, S.H., Compressive Strength Development of Concrete with Different Curing Time and Temperature, Cem. Concr. Res., 1998, vol. 28, pp. 1761–1773.
12. Wang, Y.Y., Wang, H.W., and Shi, X., Creep Investigation on Shale-Like Material with Preexisting Fissure under Coupling Temperatures and Confining Pressures, Advances in Civil Eng., 2019, vol. 11, pp. 1–10.
13. Wei, S.J., Yang, Y.S., Su, C.D., Cardosh, S.R., and Wang, H., Experimental Study of the Effect of High Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Coarse Sandstone, Appl. Sci-Basel, 2019, vol. 9.
14. Fall, M., Celestin, J.C., Pokharel, M., and Toure, M., A Contribution to Understanding the Effects of Curing Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Mine Cemented Tailings Backfill, Eng. Geol., 2010, vol. 114, pp. 397–413.
15. He, M. and Guo, P., Deep Rock Mass Thermodynamic Effect and Temperature Control Measures, Chinese J. Rock Mech. Eng., 2013, vol. 32, pp. 2377–2393.
16. Jiang, H.Q., Fall, M., and Cui, L., Freezing Behaviour of Cemented Paste Backfill Material in Column Experiments, Constr. Build. Mater., 2017, vol. 147, pp. 837–846.
17. Fall, M. and Pokharel, M., Coupled Effects of Sulphate and Temperature on the Strength Development of Cemented Tailings Backfills: Portland Cement-Paste Backfill, Cem. Concr. Compos., 2010, vol. 32, pp. 819–828.
18. Xu, W.B. and Cao, P.W., Fracture Behaviour of Cemented Tailing Backfill with Pre-Existing Crack and Thermal Treatment under Three-Point Bending Loading: Experimental Studies and Particle Flow Code Simulation, Eng. Fract. Mech., 2018, vol. 195, pp. 129–141.
19. Morsy, M.S., Effect of Temperature on Electrical Conductivity of Blended Cement Pastes, Cem. Concr. Res., 1999, vol. 29, pp. 603–606.
20. Husem, M. and Gozutok, S., The Effects of Low Temperature Curing on the Compressive Strength of Ordinary and High Performance Concrete, Constr. Build. Mater., 2005, vol. 19, pp. 49–53.
21. Rajasekaran, G., Physicochemical Behaviour of Lime Treated Marine Clay, Ph. D. Thesis, Indian Inst. of Tech., 1994.
22. Jiang, H.Q., Qi, Z.J., Yilmaz, E., Han, J., Qiu, J.P., and Dong, C.L., Effectiveness of Alkali-Activated Slag as Alternative Binder on Workability and Early Age Compressive Strength of Cemented Paste Backfills, Constr. Build. Mater., 2019, vol. 218, pp. 689–700.
23. Ercikdi, B., Kuekci, G., and Yilmaz, T., Utilization of Granulated Marble Wastes and Waste Bricks as Mineral Admixture in Cemented Paste Backfill of Sulphide-Rich Tailings, Constr. Build. Mater., 2015, vol. 93, pp. 573–583.
24. Di, W.U., Coupled Effect of Cement Hydration and Temperature on Hydraulic Behavior of Cemented Tailings Backfill, J. Central South University, 2015, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 1956–1964.
MINERAL MINING TECHNOLOGY
METHANE PRODUCTION RATE IN HYDRAULIC FRACTURING OF COAL SEAMS
Yu. M. Lekontsev, P. V. Sazhin*, A. V. Novik, and Yu. B. Mezentsev
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
*e-mail: Pavel301080@mail.ru
AvtoStroyKomplekt LLC, Novosibirsk, 630008 Russia
IMH Coal, LLC, Kemerovo, 650021 Russia
The common constraints of coal production under conditions of deeper level mining and methane release in mined-out voids in Kuzbass are described. The theoretical calculations of gas release from coal seams during multiple hydraulic fracturing are elaborated. The revised procedure of gas flow rate from coal seams, based on the data obtained in gas drainage boreholes during multiple hydraulic fracturing is theoretically and experimentally justified.
Methane content, directional hydraulic fracturung, methane, gas drainage
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040062
REFERENCES
1. Metodicheskie polozheniya po vyboru i primeneniyu novykh tekhnologii degazatsii i upravleniya metanovydeleniem na ugol’nykh shakhtakh (Guidelines on Selection and Application of Gas Drainage Technology and Methane Release Control in Coal Mines), Lyubertsy: NNTS GP—IGD Skochinskogo, 2000.
2. Parmuzin, P.N., Zarubezhnyi i otechestvennyi opyt osvoeniya resursov metana ugol’nykh plastov (Foreign and Domestic Experience of Coal Seam Methane Production and Use), Ukhta: UGTU, 2017.
3. Zborshchik, M.P., Osokin, V.V., and Sokolov, N.M., Predotvrashchenie gazodinamicheskikh yavlenii v ugol’nykh shakhtakh (Prevention of Gas-Induced Dynamic Phenomena in Coal Mines), Kiev: Tekhnika, 1984.
4. Dmitriev, A.M., Problemy gazonosnosti ugol’nykh mestorozhdenii (Problems Connected with Gas Content of Coal Fields), Moscow: Nauka, 1982.
5. Ruban, A.D., Zaburdyaev, V.S., Zaburdyaev, G.S., and Matvienko, N.G., Metan v shakhtakh i rudnikakh Rossii: prognoz, izvlechenie i ispol’zovanie (Methane in Russian Mines: Prediction, Recovery and Use), Moscow: IPKON RAN, 2006.
6. Serdyukov, S.V., Patutin, A.V., Shilova, T.V., Azarov, A.V., and Rybalkin, L.A., Technologies for Increasing Efficiency of Solid Mineral Mining with Hydraulic Fracturing, Journal of Mining Science, 2019, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 596–602.
7. Lu, S., Cheng, Y., Ma, J. and Zhang, Y., Application of In-Seam Directional Drilling Technology for Gas Drainage with Benefits to Gas Outburst Control and Greenhouse Gas Reductions in Daning Coal Mine, China, Nat. Hazards, 2014, vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 1419–1437.
8. Gray, I., Zhao, X., and Liu, L., Mechanical Properties of Coal Measure Rocks Containing Fluids at Pressure, Coal Operators’ Conf., Wollongong, Australia, 2018, pp. 195–204.
9. Razrushenie gornykh porod (Rock Failure), Saint-Petersburg: LGI im. G. V. Plekhanova, 1991.
10. Lekontsev, Yu.M. and Sazhin, P.V., Directional Hydraulic Fracturing in Difficult Caving Roof Control and Coal Degassing, Journal of Mining Science, 2014, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 914–917.
STRUCTURE OF INTEGRATED STABILITY MONITORING IN OPEN PIT MINING USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
V. V. Rybin, K. N. Konstantinov*, and O. V. Nagovitsyn
Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Apatity, 184209 Russia
*e-mail: k.konstantinov@ksc.ru
The newly presented structure of integrated monitoring includes geological and geotechnical conditions of mineral mining, peculiarities of the production and infrastructure objects, as well as specifications and manuals of measurement tools. The monitoring-embraced hazardous objects are listed and grouped. Each group of the hazardous objects is described with the common features, properties, criteria and other characteristics meant for the monitoring supervision toward efficient and faultless operation. A prototype monitoring system for instability of mine objects is implemented using mining and geological information system MINEFRAME, and the data base on the objects of monitoring is composed.
Monitoring, list of objects, pit wall stability, geoinformation system, data base, subject data sources
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040074
EFERENCES
1. Vujic, S., Maksimovic, S., Radosavljvic, M., Krunic, D.Ya., Intersector Modeling and Mining, Journal of Mining Science, 2018, vol. 54, no 5, pp. 773–781. https://doi.org/10.1134/S106273911805488X.
2. Sanilkin, A.A., Kozyrev, AA., Bocharov, S.N., and Rybin, V.V., The Promising Concept of Mining Development at Kovdorsky GOK JSC, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2019, no. 6, pp. 30–34.
3. Dyshlenko, S.G., Building Corporate GIS Using Spatial Data Bank, Geoprofi, 2010, no. 1, pp. 13–15.
4. Rybin, V.V., Konstantinov, K.N., Kagan, M.M., and Panasenko, I.G., Methodology of Integrated Stability Monitoring in Mines, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2020, no. 1, pp. 53–57.
5. Lukichev, S.V. and Nagovitsyn, O.V., Modeling Objects and Processes within a Mining Technology as a Framework for a System Approach to Solve Mining Problems, Journal of Mining Science, 2018, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 1041–1049.
6. Lukichev, S.V., Nauchnye i prakticheskie aspekty primeneniya tsifrovykh tekhnologii v gornoi promyshlennosti (Digital Technologies in Mining Industry: Theory and Practice), Apatity: FITS KNTS RAN, 2019.
7. Lukichev, S.V. and Nagovitsyn, O.V., Digital Simulation in Solving Problems of Surface and Underground Mining Technologies, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2019, no. 6, pp. 51–55.
8. Lukichev, S.V. and Nagovitsyn, O.V., Digital Transformation of Mining Industry: Past, Present and Future, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2020, no. 9, pp. 13–18.
9. Rybin, V.V., Panin, V.I., Kagan, M.M., and Konstantinov, K.N., Geophysical Monitoring as an Inherent Part of the Technological Process in Deep Open Pits, Geomech. Geodynam. Rock Masses: Proc. of the 2018 European Rock Mech. Symp., 2018, vol. 1, pp. 551–556.
SCIENCE OF MINING MACHINES
PARAMETER DETERMINATION PROCEDURE FOR THE EJECTOR PUMP AND HYDRO-PNEUMATIC ACCUMULATOR IN THE ENCLOSED HYDRAULIC DRIVE
V. N. Anferov and S. A. Bazanov*
Siberian State University of Railway Engineering,
Novosibirsk, 630049 Russia
*e-mail: bazanoff@ngs.ru
The impact of pressure fluid–air interaction on endurance of hydraulic drives is discussed. It is proposed to employ the enclosed hydraulic drive to isolate the pressure fluid from air, solid impurities and moisture. The functional flow chart of the enclosed hydraulic drive with hydraulic motors and hydraulic cylinders is designed. The design procedure is validated for an ejector pump and a hydro-pneumatic accumulator to ensure the boost pressure at the main pump inlet and to provide the drainage leek return to the system subjected to the excessive pressure. The new ejector design enables adjustment of the ejection ratio and the total flow pressure at the pump outlet. The cavitation procedure is presented for the ejector tests at different values of the running, drainage and total flow rates.
Enclosed hydraulic drive, drainage leek return, ejector pump, ejection ratio, pressure fluid pureness, closed hydraulic tank
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040086
REFERENCES
1. Kharazov, A.M., Tekhnicheskaya diagnostika gidroprivodov mashin (Technical Diagnosis of Hydraulic Drives), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1979.
2. Brodskii, G.S., Hydraulic Drive Reliability Enhancement—An Efficient Instrument of Introduction of Hydraulic Excavators in the CIS Mines, Gorn. prom., 2002, no. 2, pp. 76–85.
3. Gorodilov, L.V., Vagin, D.V., and Rasputina, T.B., Development of the Procedure, Algorithm and Program to Select Basic Parameters of Hydraulic Percussion Systems, Journal of Mining Science, 2017, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 855–860.
4. Bazanov, S.A., RF patent no. 195330, Byull. Izobret., 2020, no. 3.
5. Al’tshul’, A.D., Primery raschetov po gidravlike (Hydraulics Design: Examples), Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1977.
6. Mokin, N.V., Gidravlicheskie i pnevmaticheskie privody (Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives), Novosibirsk: SGUPS, 2004.
7. Sokolov, E.Ya. and Zinger, L.S., Struinye apparaty (Jet Devices), Moscow: Energoatomizdat, 1989.
8. Polyakov, V.V. and Skvortsov, L.S., Nasosy i ventilyatory (Pumps and Fans), Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1990.
9. Arons, G.A., Struinye apparaty. Teoriya i raschet (Jet Devices. Theory and Design), Moscow– Leningrad, 1948.
10. Lyamaev, B.F., Gidrostruinye nasosy i ustanovki (Hydrodynamic Pumps and Plants), Leningrad: Mashinostroenie, 1988.
DYNAMICS OF ONE-WAY HYDRAULIC IMPACT SYSTEM WITH TWO PISTON STOP TOOLS
L. V. Gorodilov* and A. I. Pershin
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
*e-mail: gor@misd.ru
The mathematical model of the one-way hydraulic positive-displacement system with two piston stop tools includes the design variables of the system and its interaction with rock mass, namely, dry friction in the impact facility body–piston couple, pressure losses in the hydraulic system branches and piston velocity recovery factor. The dynamic similarity criteria, which are dimensionless analogs of the listed characteristics, are determined. The numerical calculation is performed, the influence of the similarity criteria on the dynamics and integral characteristics of the test system is analyzed, and the main behavioral patterns are revealed. It is found that these criteria influence the shape of the domains of the single impact travel and back run, two-impact and multi-impact limit cycles. It is possible to reduce the difference between the system characteristics in the impact travel and back run by means of changing the piston coordinates such that the valve stations are changed.
One-way hydraulic impact system, limit cycle, similarity criterion, impact capacity, friction, velocity recovery factor
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040098
REFERENCES
1. Yang, G. and Chen, Y., The Research of New Type Hydraulic Breaker with Strike Energy and Frequency of Adjusted, Mech. Eng. Research., 2012, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 45–51.
2. Yang, G., Ding, C., and Liang, C., Research on Intelligent Hydraulic Impactor, Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Meas. Technol. Mechatronics Autom., 2011, vol. 3, pp. 3–6.
3. Ding, W.S., Wang, J.J., and Chen, L.N., Electronic Control Hydraulic Impactor Based on Pressure Feedback, Int. Conf. Mech. Autom. Control Eng., 2010, no. 50775075, pp. 2716–2719.
4. Zhao, H., Liu, P., Shu, M., and Wen, G., Simulation and Optimization of a New Hydraulic Impactor, Appl. Mech. Mater., 2012, vol. 120, pp. 3–10.
5. Lazutkin, S.L. and Lazutkina, N.A., Effective Parameters for Work Members of Adaptable Impacting System, Sovr. Naukoemk. Tekhnol., 2019, no. 5, pp. 58–63.
6. Fabrichnyi, D.Yu., Tolengutiva, M.M., and Fabrichnyi, Yu.F., Automated Adjustment of Hydraulic Impacting Devices Based on Loading, Mashinostroen. Bezop. Zhiznedeyat., 2013, no. 4, pp. 72–77.
7. Kucu,k K., Aksoy, C., Basarir, H., Onargan, T., Genis, M., and Ozacar, V., Prediction of the Performance of Impact Hammer by Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System Modeling, Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol. Inc. Trenchless Technol. Res., 2011, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 38–45.
8. Gorodilov, L., Analysis of Self-Oscillating Single-Acting Hydro-Impact System Operational Modes with Two Limiters of Striker Movement, Int. J. Fluid Power., 2019, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 209–224.
9. Alimov, O.D. and Basov, S.A., Gidravlicheskie vibroudarnye sistemy (Hydraulic Vibropercussion Systems), Moscow: Nauka, 1990.
10. Yasov, V.G., Teoriya i raschet rabochikh protsessov gidroudarnykh burovykh mashin (Theory and Design of Operations in Hydraulic Percussion Drilling Machines), Moscow: Nedra, 1977.
11. Manzhosov, V.K. and Novikov, D.A., Modelirovanie perekhodnykh protsessov i predel’nykh tsiklov dvizheniya vibroudarnykh sistem s razryvnymi kharakteristikami (Modeling Transition Processes and Limit Cycles in Motion of Vibropercussion Systems with Noncontinuous Characteristics), Ulyanovsk: UlGTU, 2015.
12. Lekontsev, Yu.M. and Sazhin, P.V., Directional Hydraulic Fracturing in Difficult Caving Roof Control and Coal Degassing, Journal of Mining Science, 2015, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 914–917.
13. Gorodilov, L.V. and Sazhin, P.V., RF patent no. 27003029, Byull. Izobret., 2019, no. 29.
14. Gorodilov, L.V., Basic Properties of One-Way Action Hydraulic Percussion System with Two Piston Arresters, Journal of Mining Science, 2020, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 972–981.
15. Mamontov, M.A., Analogichnost’ (Analogy), Moscow: MO SSSR, 1971.
16. Arushanyan, O.B. and Zaletkin, S.F., Chislennoe reshenie obyknovennykh differentsial’nykh uravnenii na Fortrane (Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations in FORTRAN), Moscow: MGU, 1990.
17. Besekerskii, V.A. and Popov, E.P., Teoriya sistem avtomaticheskogo regulirovaniya (Theory of Automated Control Systems), Saint-Petersburg: Professiya, 2003.
18. Al’tshul’, A.D., Zhivotnovskii, L.S., and Ivanov, L.P., Gidravlika i aerodinamika (Hydraulics and Aerodynamics), Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1987.
19. Idel’chik, I.E., Spravochnik po gidravlicheskim soprotivlenyam (Pressure Losses: Manual), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1992.
MINERAL DRESSING
SELECTING LUMINOPHORE-BEARING MODIFYING AGENTS TO ADJUST SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIAMONDS
V. A. Chanturia, V. V. Morozov, G. P. Dvoichenkova*, E. L. Chanturia, O. E. Koval’chuk, and Yu. A. Podkamennyi
Academician Melnikov Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources—IPKON, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, 111020 Russia
*e-mail: dvoigp@mail.ru
The modification procedure for the kinetics and spectral characteristics of fluorescent diamonds using luminophores ensures the simultaneous increase in the amplitudes of the long- and short-persistent luminescence signals at a preset ratio (1 : 1). Abnormally and weakly fluorescent diamonds after luminophore modification have elevated amplitudes of the kinetics and spectral characteristics, and are identifiable as natural crystals with the required luminescence intensity. This approach allows the simultaneous increase of the collapse and the decay constant of X-ray luminescence signal. As a result, abnormally and weakly fluorescent diamonds acquire higher values of these characteristics, become detectable as natural diamonds and are recoverable in X-ray fluorescent separation.
Diamonds, X-ray fluorescent separation, luminophores, composition, kinetics and spectral characteristics, modification
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040104
REFERENCES
1. Chanturia, V.À., Current State of the Diamond Mining Industry in Russia and Main Diamond Mining Countries of the World, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2015, no. 3, pp. 67–74.
2. Monastyrskiy, V.F. and Makalin, I.A., Improving the Efficiency of X-ray Luminescent Separation of Diamond-Bearing Minerals, Nauka i Obraz., 2017, no. 3, pp. 86–90.
3. Report of Independent Experts on the Reserves and Resources of Diamond Deposits of the ALROSA Group of Companies, Micon International Co. Ltd, 2013.
4. Ostrovskaya, G.Kh., Dvoichenkova, G.P., and Timofeev, À.S., Increasing the Recovery of — 5 mm Size Diamonds to Concentrates of X-ray Luminescent Separation of Finishing Operations, GIAB, 2015, no. 9, pp. 114–122.
5. Rakhmeev, R.N., Chikin, À.Yu., Fedorov, Yu.Î., and Voiloshnikov, G.I., Results of Testing X-Ray Separator for Processing Diamond-Bearing Concentrates, Izv. vuzov, Gorn. Zh., 2017, no. 5, pp. 80–88.
6. Vladimirov, E.N., Zhogin, I.L., and Volk, E.B., RF patent no. 2715374, Byull. Izobret., 2020.
7. Makalin, I.À., Studying the Distribution of Characteristics of X-Ray Luminescence of Diamond-Bearing Minerals, Cand. Tech. Sci. Thesis, Yekaterinburg, 2013.
8. Monastyrskiy, V.F., Makalin, I.A., Novikov, V.V., Plotnikova, S.P., and Nikiforova, Ò.Ì., Improving the Efficiency of X-Ray Fluorescent Separation of Diamond-Bearing Minerals, Nauka i Obraz., 2017, no. 3, pp. 86–90.
9. Chanturia, V.À., Dvoichenkova, G.P., Morozov, V.V., Yakovlev, V.N., Koval’chuk, Î.Å., and Podkamennyi, Yu.A., Experimental Substantiation of Luminophore-Containing Compositions for Extraction of Nonluminescent Diamonds, J. Min. Sci., 2019, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 116 – 123.
10. Chanturia, V.À., Dvoichenkova, G.P., Morozov, V.V, Koval’chuk, Î.Å., Podkamennyi, Yu.A., and Yakovlev, V.N., Selective Attachment of Luminophore-Bearing Emulsion at Diamonds—Mechanism Analysis and Mode Selection, J. Min. Sci., 2020, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 96 – 103.
11. Demchenko, A.P., Introduction to Fluorescence Sensing, Vol. 1, Materials and Devices, New York: Springer 3rd Ed., 2020.
12. Lakowicz, J.R., Gryczynski, I., Gryczynski, Z., Tolosa, L., Rao, G., Dattelbaum, J., and Elchorn, L., Novel Methods in Fluorescence Sensing, Cambridge University Press, 2020.
13. Tsypin, E.F., Ovchinnikova, T.I., Efremova, T.A., and Elizarov, D.B., Ore Preconcentration with X-Ray Fluorescence Separation, Izv. vuzov, Gorn. Zh., 2019, No. 7, pp. 101–112.
14. Avdeev, S.Å., Makhrachev, À.F., Kazakov, L.V., Levitin, À.I., and Morozov, V.G., X-Ray Fluorescence Separators Produced by R&D Enterprise Burevestnik—The Hardware Basis of the Russian Technology for Processing Diamond-Bearing Minerals, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2005, no. 7, pp. 105–107.
15. Martynovich, Å.F. and Mironov, V.P., X-Ray Fluorescence of Diamonds and Its Use in Diamond Mining Industry of Russia, Izv. vuzov, 2009.
16. Samprit, Ch. and Jeffrey, S., Simonoff Handbook of Regression Analysis, Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 2013.
RECOGNITION OF SIZE DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS IN FOSSIL COAL
V. I. Udovitskii*, V. A. Kandinskii, E. G. Shubina, A. A. Begunov, and L. N. Plotnikova
Gorbunov Kuzbass State Technical University,
Kemerovo, 650000 Russia
*e-mail: uvi@kuzstu.ru
Middle School 93 for Specialized In-Depth Studies,
Kemerovo, 650003 Russia
The authors have developed and justified the method to describe overall particle-size indexes of coal as a case-study of Bezymyanny and Vnutrenni seams of Prokopyevsk–Kiselevsk coal region in Kuzbass using the problem-oriented programming equipment for the yield and ash content prediction in mineral dressing. It is found that test data approximation, solely, is incapable to provide the uniformly accurate calculations of yields and ash contents in pooled size grades within the sieve mesh size range from 0 to 100 mm.
Size grades, combined characteristics, approximating functions, function characterization, approximation quality, yield, ash content
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040116
REFERENCES
1. USSR State Standard no. 2093–82. Solid fuel. Sieve Method for Determining Particle-Size Distribution, Moscow: IPK Izd. Standartov, 1983.
2. Zemlyakov, B.À., Prognozirovanie kharakteristik obogatimosti (Predicting Washability Characteristics), Moscow: Nedra, 1978.
3. Gates, A.O., An Experimental Investigation in Rock Crushing, Trans. AIME, 1916, pp. 875–909.
4. Kotkin, À.Ì., Yampol’skii, Ì.N., and Gerashchenko, Ê.D., Otsenka obogatimosti uglya i effektivnosti protsessov obogashcheniya (Assessment of Coal Washability and Beneficiation Efficiency), Moscow: Nedra, 1982.
5. Gaudin, A.M., An Investigation of Crushing Phenomena, Trans. AIME, 1926, vol. 73, pp. 253–310.
6. Andreev, S.Å., Tovarov, V.V., and Perov, V.À., Zakonomernosti izmel’cheniya i ischislenie kharakteristik granulometricheskogo sostava (Regularities of Grinding and Calculating the Characteristics of Particle-Size Distribution), Moscow: Metallurgizdat, 1959.
7. Rosin, P. and Rammler, E., Gesetze des Mahlgutes, Berichte der Keramischen Gesellshaft, 1934, vol. 15, pp. 399–416.
8. Roller, P.S., Statistical Analysis of Size Distribution of Particulate Materials with Special Reference to Bimodal and Frequency Distributions, J. Phys. Chem., 1941, no. 2, pp. 241–281.
9. Beloglazov, N.Ê., Equation of Size Characteristics of Grinding Products of Monomineral Ores, Zap. Gorn. Instituta, 1956, no. 32 (3), pp. 229 – 334.
10. Pogosov, À.Ì., Equation of Size Characteristics of Grinding Products, Gornoe Delo, Obogasch. Metallurg. Tsvet. Met., 1960, no. 6, pp. 140 – 149.
11. Schuhmann, R., Principles of Comminution, Size Distribution and Surface Calculations, Mining Technology, 1940, no. 4, pp. 34–40.
12. Fraszczak, Ò., Mutze, T., Lychatz, B., Ortlepp, O, and Peuker, U.A., The Grain Size Distribution of Blasted Rock, J. Min. Sci., 2019, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 31–39.
13. Liuyi Ren, Weineng Zeng, Xiaojie Rong, Qi Wang, and Shanglin Zeng, Influences of Grinding on the Classification and Enrichment of Vanadium in Stone Coal, J. Min. Sci., 2019, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 849–856.
14. Kandinskii, V.À. and Udovitskii, V.I., Comparison of the Accuracy of Describing Combined Size Characteristics of Coals from the Kuznetsk Basin by First-Degree Functions, Proc. All-Russian Sci. Pract. Conf., Mezhdurechensk, 2016.
15. Kandinskii, V.À., Prediction of Combined Characteristics of Bituminous Coal Size, Proc. of the 20th Int. Symp. on Problems of Geology and Subsoil Development dedicated to Academician M. A. Usov, Tomsk, TPU, 2016.
16. Udovitskii, V.and Kandinskii, V., Selection of Functions of the First Degree for Forecasting the Aggregate Bituminous Coal Size Characteristics, Proc. 9th China-Russia Symp. COAL, 2018.
17. Udovitskii, V.I., Modelirovanie podgotovitel’nykh i osnovnykh protsessov pererabotki kamennykh uglei (Modeling the Preparatory and Basic Processes of Bituminous Coal Processing), Kemerovo: Kuzbassvuzizdat, 1998.
ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT CHEMISTRY AGENTS IN FLOTATION OF DIFFICULT SLACK COAL
T. A. Khamzina and S. A. Kondrat’ev*
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
*e-mail: kondr@misd.ru
The authors find the collecting activity criteria for slack coal flotation agents. The collectability tests used kerosene, straw oil, thermal gas oil, KETGOL and FLOTEC agents. Efficiency of these agents in slack coal flotation is determined, and the velocities of their films on water surface are found. It is found that the spreading velocities of the collecting agents are correlated with the slack coal flotation performance. The article proposes a new concept of particle–bubble attachment and the floatability criteria for slack coal flotation agents.
Flotation, slack coal, kerosene, straw oil, thermal gas oil, KETGOL, FLOTEC, collectability
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040128
REFERENCES
1. Chuprova, L.V., Studying the Mechanism of Action of Collecting Agents in Flotation Concentration of Slack Coal, Mezhd. Zhurn. Prikl. Fund. Issl., 2016, no. 11, pp. 939–942.
2. Min, R.S., Bessarab, N.À., Basarygin, V.I., and Ivanov, G.V., Floatability of Oil Reagents for Slack Coal Preparation, Khim. Int. Ust. Razv., 2001, no. 9, pp. 575–580.
3. Plaksin, I.N., Klassen, V.I., and Vlasova, N.S., Osnovy deistviya reagentov pri flotatsii kamennykh uglei. Obogashchenie poleznykh iskopaemykh: izbr. tr. (Basic Action of Reagents in Flotation of Bituminous Coal. Mineral Dressing: Selected Works), Moscow: Nauka, 1970.
4. Baichenko, À.À. and Batushkin, À.N., Effect of Apolar Reagent on the Strength of Particle Attachment to Air Bubble during Flotation, Vestn. KGTU, 2005, no. 4.1. (48), pp. 60–62.
5. Melik-Gaikazyan, V.I., Plaksin, I.N., and Voronchikhina, V.V., On the Mechanism of Action of Apolar Collectors and Some Surfactants during Froth Flotation, Dokl. AN SSSR, 1967, vol. 173, no. 4, pp. 883–886.
6. Melik-Gaikazyan, V.I., Emel’yanova, N.P., and Glazunova, Z.I., About Capillary Mechanism of the Particle-Bubble Contact Strengthening in Froth Flotation, Obogashch. Rud, 1976, no. 1, pp. 25–31.
7. Khan, G.À, Gabrielova, L.I., and Vlasova, N.S., Flotatsionnye reagenty i ikh primenenie (Flotation Agents and Their Use), Moscow: Nedra, 1986.
8. Chuprova, L.V., Mullina, E.R., and Mishurina, Î.À., About the Influence of Organic and Inorganic Compounds on the Flotation of Low Metamorphism Coals, Sovr. Probl. Nauki Obraz.: Online Version, 2013, no. 4, pp. 1–6.
9. Deberdeev, I.Kh. and Pikkat-Ordynskii, G.A., Author’s Certificate no. 1071320 USSR, Byull. Izobret., 1984, no. 5.
10. Fedoseeva, S.Î. and Morozov, Î.À., Influence of Surface Activity and Frothability of Heteropolar Agents on Their Floatability, Obogashch. Polezn. Iskop., 2012, iss. 50 (91).
11. Osina, N.Yu., Gorokhov, À.V., and Lakhtin, S.N., Influence of Group Chemical Composition of Collecting Agents on Flotation Efficiency of Bituminous Coal, GIAB, 2006, no. 2, pp. 393–396.
12. Chanturia, V. and Kondrat’ev, S., Contemporary Understanding and Developments in the Flotation Theory of Nonferrous Ores, Miner. Proc. and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2019, DOI: 10.1080/08827508.2019.1657863
13. Kondrat’ev, S.À., Action of Physisorbed Collector in Particle-Bubble Attachment, J. Min. Sci., vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 106–122.
14. Kuznetsov, I.M., Tutubalina, A.P., and Chepenko, N.F., USSR Author’s Certificate no. 1263354, Byull. Izobret., 1986, no. 38.
15. Kondrat’ev, S.À., Collectability and Selectivity of Flotation Agent, J. Min. Sci., vol. 57, no. 3, pp.
WAYS OF INCREASING RECOVERY OF MICRO- AND NANO-SIZE VALUABLE PARTICLES FROM NATURAL MINERAL AND WASTE
V. I. Rostovtsev
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: benevikt@misd.ru
The author offers the calculation procedure for minimum exposure time of ore and mining waste containing polymineral aggregates, as well as for sizes of grains such that limit stresses are only achieved at the grain boundaries. With regard to the calculated mechanical stresses, the ways of increasing recovery of fine valuable components of minerals are identified.
Mineral raw material, radiation modification, selectivity, disintegration, dissociation flotation valuable component recovery enhancement
DOI: 10.1134/S106273912104013X
REFERENCES
1. Chanturia, V.A., Innovative Integrated and Deep Conversion Processes for Minerals of Complex Material Constitution, Innovative and Integrated Processing of Natural Minerals and Mine Waste: Plaksin’s Lecturers 2020, Apatity: FITS KNTS RAN, 2020, pp. 3–4.
2. Matveeva, T.N., Current Situation and Prospects for Larger Range of Flotation Agents in Extraction of Noble Metals from Rebellious Minerals, Innovative and Integrated Processing of Natural Minerals and Mine Waste: Plaksin’s Lecturers 2020, Apatity: FITS KNTS RAN, 2020, pp. 14–17.
3. Novaya tekhnologicheskaya revolyutsiya: vyzovy i vozmozhnosti dlya Rossii. Ekspertno-analiticheskii doklad (New Technological Revolution: Challenges and Options for Russia. Expert-and-Analysis Report), Moscow, 2017.
4. Gorlova, O.E., Justification of Hybrid Technologies of Metal-Bearing Mine Waste Treatment, Problems and Prospects of Efficient Mineral Processing in the 21st Century: Plaksin’s Lectures 2019, Irkutsk: Reprotsentr A1, 2019, pp. 371–375.
5. Shadrunova, I.V., Zelinskaya, E.V., Volkova, N.A., and Orekhova, N.N., Mining Industry Waste: Resource Potential and Processing Technologies—A Case-Study of Siberia and the Urals, Problems and Prospects of Integrated Processing of Rebellious Ore and Mine Waste: Plaksin’s Lectures 2017, Krasnoyarsk: SFU, 2017, pp. 15–21.
6. Orekhova, N.N, Shadrunova, I.V., Zelinskaya, E.V., and Volkova, N.A., Resources of Mineral-Bearing Mining Waste in the Urals and in Siberia: Research Findings and Development Prospects, Innovative and Integrated Processing of Natural Minerals and Mine Waste: Plaksin’s Lecturers 2020, Apatity: FITS KNTS RAN, 2020, pp. 24–28.
7. Chanturia, V.A. and Kozlov, A.P., Modern Problems of Integrated Processing of Rebellious Ore and Mining Waste, Modern Problems of Integrated Processing of Rebellious Ore and Mining Waste: Plaksin’s Lectures 2017, Krasnoyarsk: SFU, 2017, pp. 3–6.
8. Tabosa, E., Runge, K., and Duffy, K.-A., Strategies for Increasing Coarse Particle Flotation in Conventional Flotation Cells, Proc. the 6th Int. Flotation Conf., Cape Town, South Africa, 2013.
9. Chanturia, V.A., Vaisberg, L.A., and Kozlov, A.P., Top-Priority Research Trends in Mineral Mining, Obogashch. Rud, 2014, no. 2, pp. 3–9.
10. Kondrat’ev, S.A., Rostovtsev, V.I., and Kovalenko, K.A., Ecology-Friendly Technologies for Integrated Processing of Rebellious Ore and Process Waste, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2020, no. 5, pp. 39–46.
11. O’Connor, C.T., Review of Important Developments Since the 1st IMPC in 1952 in the Understanding of the Effects of Chemical Factors on Flotation, XXX Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020.
12. Saavedra Moreno, Y., Boumival, G., and Ata, S., Comparing the Froth Stability of Two-Phase and Three-Phase Systems for Various Frother Types, XXX Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020, pp. 1021–1035.
13. Wang, G., Wen, D., and Chen, X., A Comparison Study of Collisions of Bidisperse Inertial Particles in a Homogeneous Isotropic Turbulence, XXX Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020, pp. 1036–1045.
14. Javadi, A.R., New Reagents for Controlling of H2O2 by Metal Sulfide and Its Effect in Galena Flotation, XXX Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020, pp. 1046–1056.
15. Ignatkina, V.A., Shepeta, E.D., Samatova, L.A., Lygach, A.V., and Aksenova, D.D., Increasing the Contrast of Flotation of Finely Disseminated Calcium-Bearing Ores by Using of Combination Low Polar Compounds and Fatty Acid Collector, The 30th Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020, pp. 1057–1068.
16. Lieberwirth, H. and Ktihnel, L., Influence of Particle Size on Selectivity in Confined Bed Comminution, The 30th Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020, pp. 365–376.
17. Kfichowicz, M. and Lieberwirth, H., DEM Simulation of Particle Bed Comminution at Grain Size Level, The 30th Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020, pp. 352–364.
18. Gao, P., Qin, Y., Han, L., Han, Y., and Li, Y., Weakening Mechanical Properties of Galena Based on High-Voltage Pulse Discharge, The 30th Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020, pp. 402–412.
19. Moodley, T. and Govender, I., Experimental Validation of DEM in Rotating Drums Using Positron Emission Particle Tracking, The 30th Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020, pp. 413–427.
20. Oladele, T.P., Bbosa, L.B., and Weatherley, D.K., Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Pre-Existing Cracks During Impact Breakage in a Short Impact Load Cell Device, The 30th Int. Mineral Proc. Congress IMPC 2020, Cape Town, South Africa, 2020, pp. 494–501.
21. Bochkarev, G.R., Veigel’t, Yu.P., Izotov, A.S., and Rostovtsev, V.I., Radiation Thermal Stresses in Minerals and Their Role in Magnetite Quartzite Beneficiation, Journal of Mining Science, 2001, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 323–329.
22. Timoshenko, S.P. and Goodier, J. N. Theory of Elasticity, McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1970.
23. Koshkin, N.I. and Shirkevich, M.G., Spravochnik po elementarnoi fizike (Elementary Physics: Handbook), Moscow: Nauka, 1972.
24. Dmitriev, A.P., Goncharov, S.A., and Germanovich, L.N., Termicheskoe razrushenie gornykh porod (Thermal Disintegration of Rocks), Moscow: Nedra, 1990.
25. Fletcher, C., Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1998.
FLOWSHEET DEVELOPMENT FOR COPPER CONCENTRATE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND SELECTIVE PB RECOVERY AT BAIYINCHAGAN CONCENTRATOR
Baoxu Song, Xiaorong Dong*, Enlei Wang, Xianyang Qiu, and Zhen Hu
School of Mining Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning,
Anshan, Liaoning, 114051, China
Institute of New Materials, Guangdong Academy of Science,, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510651, China
*e-mail: dongxiaorong0201@163.com
Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth Development, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou,
Guangdong, 510651, China
The ore from Baiyinchagan mine is typical increasingly refractory as the mine get deeper, especially the increasing lead and zinc contents, which not only detrimentally affects the product quality of copper concentrate, but also results in the loss of lead and zinc resources. In order to solve the problem, two routes were conducted: first, depress liberated lead and zinc minerals from the raw ore; second, float lead minerals from the copper concentrate. Sodium sulfide was used as detoxification, polysulfide—as copper depressant and diethyldithiocarbamate—as lead collector. The quality improvement and efficiency of copper rough concentrate were realized.
Rough copper concentrate, copper-lead separation, improving quality and benefits, flotation
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040141
REFERENCES
1. Li, S., Tian, J., Lin, X., Zuo, Y., Kang, H., and Yang, D., Effect of Alkaline Diagenesis on Sandstone Reservoir Quality: Insights from the Lower Cretaceous Erlian Basin, China, Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 2019, pp. 1–20.
2. Yang, Z., Zhong, D., Whitaker F., Lu, Z., Zhang, S., Tang, Z., Liu, R., and Li, Z., Syn-Sedimentary Hydrothermal Dolomites in a Lacustrine Rift Basin: Petrographic and Geochemical Evidence from the Lower Cretaceous Erlian Basin, Northern China, Sedimentology, 2020, vol. 67, pp. 305–329.
3. Ran, J., Qiu, X., Hu, Z., Liu, Q., Song B., and Yao, Y., Effects of Particle Size on Flotation Performance in the Separation of Copper, Gold and Lead, Powder Technol., 2019, vol. 344, pp. 654–664.
4. Sehlotho, N., Sindane, Z., Bryson, M., and Lindvelt, L., Flowsheet Development for Selective Cu–Pb–Zn Recovery at Rosh Pinah Concentrator, Miner. Eng., 2018, vol. 122, pp. 10–16.
5. Zhang, Q., Feng, Q., Wen, S., Cui, C., and Liu, J., A Novel Technology for Separating Copper, Lead and Zinc in Flotation Concentrate by Oxidizing Roasting and Leaching, Processes, 2019, vol. 7, p. 376.
6. Dehghan, R. and Dianati, M., The Effects of Pb-Zn Flotation Reagents on the Bioleaching Process by Mesophilic Bacteria, Int. J. Miner. Process., 2015, vol. 143, pp. 80–86.
7. Mu, Y., Peng, Y., and Lauten, R.A., The Depression of Pyrite in Selective Flotation by Different Reagent Systems—A Review, Miner. Eng., 2016, vol. 96, pp. 143–156.
8. Azizi, A., A Study on the Modified Flotation Parameters and Selectivity Index in Copper Flotation, Particulate Sci. and Techn., 2015, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 38–44.
9. Bu, X., Shi, J., and Wang, Z., The Influences of Adding Lime in the Grinding Process on Flotation of Copper-Zinc-Sulfide Ore, Min. Research and Development, 2018, vol. 38, pp. 88–92.
10. Hassanzadeh, A. and Hasanzadeh, M., A Study on Selective Flotation in Low and High Pyritic Copper Sulfide Ores, Sep. Sci. Technol., 2016, vol. 51, no. 13, pp. 2214–2224.
11. Nagaraj, D.R. and Brinen, J.S., SIMS Study of Adsorption of Collectors on Pyrite, Int. J. Miner. Process., 2001, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 45–57.
12. Liu, G., Zhong, H., Dai, T., and Xia, L., Investigation of the Effect of N-Substituents on Performance of Thionocarbamates as Selective Collectors for Copper Sulfides by Ab Initio Calculations, Miner. Eng., 2008, vol. 21, nos. 12–14, pp. 1050–1054.
13. Bu, Y., Hu, Y., Sun, W., Gao, Z., and Liu, R., Fundamental Flotation Behaviors of Chalcopyrite and Galena Using O-Isopropyl-N-Ethyl Thionocarbamate as a Collector, Minerals, 2018, vol. 8, p. 115.
14. Buckley, A.N., Hope, G.A., Lee, K.C., Petrovic, E.A., and Woods, R., Adsorption of O-Isopropyl-N-Ethyl Thionocarbamate on Cu Sulfide Ore Minerals, Miner. Eng., 2014, vol. 69, pp. 120–132.
15. Fairthorne, G., Fornasiero, D., and Ralston, J., Interaction of Thionocarbamate and Thiourea Collectors with Sulphide Minerals: A Flotation and Adsorption Study, Int. J. of Miner. Process., 1997, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 227–242.
16. Jia, Y., Huang, K., Wang, S., Cao, Z., and Zhong, H., The Selective Flotation Behavior and Adsorption Mechanism of Thiohexanamide to Chalcopyrite, Miner. Eng., 2019, vol. 137, pp. 187–199.
17. Dhar, P., Thornhill, M., and Hanumantha, R.K., Investigation of Copper Recovery from a New Copper Deposit (Nussir) in Northern Norway: Thionocarbamates and Xanthate-Thionocarbamate Blend as Collectors, Miner. Process. Extr. Metall., 2019, vol. 9, p. 118.
18. Guan, X., Song, Y., Li, W., and Qu, W., Quantitative Measurement and Removal of Residual Reagent in Cu-Mo Bulk Concentrate, Chinese J. of Rare Metals, 2017, vol. 41, pp. 810–815.
19. Gamelas, J.A., Rebola, S., Evtyugina, M.G., Esteves, V., and Evtuguin, D.V., Purification of Pulp Mill Condensates by an Adsorptive Process on Activated Carbon, Holzforschung, 2019, vol. 73, pp. 589–597.
20. Qin, W., Qiu, G., Hu, Y., and Xu, J., Kinetics of Electrochemical Process of Galena Electrode in Diethyldithiocarbamate Solution, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2001, vol. 11, p. 587.
EFFECT OF COMPOSITION OF GROUPED COLLECTORS ON FLOTATION OF MINING WASTE AT YAROSLAVSKAYA MINING COMPANY
L. A. Kienko, O. V. Voronova*, and S. A. Kondrat’ev
Institute of Mining, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Khabarovsk, 680000 Russia
*e-mail: olya-vo@mail.ru
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
The material constitution and structure of mineral particles in fluorite ore mill waste at Yaroslavskaya Mining Company are estimated. The set of factors having influence on the efficiency of sample preparation for flotation is determined. Alongide with the complex mineralogy and structure of primary ore, dressability of mining waste is affected by mineral properties acquired in prime processing and during long-term tailings storage. It is necessary to take care when selecting the process conditions and the composition of agents for flotation. The studies into the influence exerted on flotation performance by a compositon of carboxyl collectors with different contents of fat acids and different structures of hydrocarbon radical identified the best effective conditions. It is feasible to produce finely dispersed carbonate–fluorite concentrates from mining waste, at CaF2 content of 95.21–95.6% and at fluorite recovery of 59.55–62.56%.
Mining waste, dissemination, fluorite, fine grinding, shielding coats, fatty acids, collecting agent compositions, hydrocarbon radical
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040153
REFERENCES
1. Trubetskoy, Ê.N., Kaplunov, D.R., and Ryl’nikova, Ì.V., Problems and Prospects in the Resource-Saving and Resource-Reproducing Geotechnology Development for Comprehensive Mineral Wealth Development, J. Min. Sci., 2012, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 688–693.
2. Chanturia, V.À., Vaisberg, L.À., and Kozlov, À.P., Priority Areas of Investigation into Mineral Processing, Obogashch. Rud, 2014, no. 2, pp. 3–9.
3. Yusupov, Ò.S., Kondrat’ev, S.À., Khalimova, S.R., and Novikova, S.À., Mineralogical and Technological Assessment of Tin-Sulfide Mining Waste Dressability, J. Min. Sci., 2018, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 656–662.
4. Kienko. L.A. and Voronova, O.V., The Prospects for Secondary Processing of Tailings Remained After the Beneficiation of Fluorite Ores of Primorye Krai Using a Highly Selective Combination of Reagents. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/2018.56.03005.
5. Klassen, V.I., Nedogorov, D.I., and Deberdeev, I.Kh., Shlamy vo flotatsionnom protsesse (Slimes in Flotation Process), Moscow: Nedra, 1969.
6. Bogdanov, Î.S., Maksimov, I.I., Podnek, À.Ê., and Yanis, N.À., Teoriya i tekhnologiya flotatsii rud (Ore Flotation Theory and Technology), Moscow: Nedra, 1990.
7. Kienko, L.À. and Voronova, Î.V., Using Highly Selective Modifiers in Flotation of Carbonate-Fluorite Ores of Primorye Krai, GIAB, 2015, special issue 30, no. 7, pp. 213–219.
8. Abramov, À.À., Sobraniye sochineniy. Tom 7. Flotatsiya. Reagenty-sobirateli (Collected Works. Vol. 7. Flotation. Collecting Agents), Moscow: Gornaya kniga, 2012.
9. Kondrat’ev, S.À. and Sem’yanova, D.V., Relation between Hydrocarbon Radical Structure and Collecting Abilities of Flotation Agent, J. Min. Sci., 2018, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 1024–1034.
10. El-Midany, A.A. and Arafat, Y., Enhancing Phosphate Grade Using Oleic Acid–Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Mixtures, Chem. Eng. Commun., 2016, vol. 203, issue 5, pp. 660–665.
11. Shepeta, Å.D. and Samatova, L.À., Evaluation of the Flotation Properties of Sodium Soaps of Vegetable Oils, in: Innovative Processes of Complex and Deep Mineral Processing: Proc. of Int. Conf. (Plaksin’s Lectures), Tomsk, 2013.
12. Samatova, L.À., Shepeta, Å.D., and Kondrat’ev, S.À., Flotation Properties of FX-6 Collector in Scheelite-Sulfide Ore Concentration, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 369–373.
13. Samatova, L.À., Kienko, L.À., Voronova, Î.V., and Plyusnina, L.N., Development of Theoretical Foundations for Selective Flotation of Calcium-Bearing Minerals from the Ores of Primorye Deposits, GIAB, 2005, no. S3, pp. 273–286.
MINING ECOLOGY AND SUBSOIL MANAGEMENT
DUSTING SUPPRESSION AT TAILINGS STORAGE FACILITIES
D. V. Makarov*, O. T. Konina**, and A. A. Goryachev***
Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems,
Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 184209 Russia
*e-mail: d.makarov@ksc.ru
Beringpromcoal LLC, Beringosvky, 689100 Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
**e-mail: o.konina@tig.com.ru
Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 184209 Russia
***e-mail: a.goryachev@ksc.ru
The authors review the methods of dust emission suppression at operated and abandoned tailings storages. The environmental impact of mineral dust particles and the after-effects are greatly varied. Dust suppression in surface layer of tailings ponds can use the most widely applied chemical methods, as well as mechanical and biological methods. The requirements imposed on binding agents are efficiency, dust catching, longevity and the environmental safety. Dust suppression control can utilize natural climatic events, e.g., seasonal freezing–thawing of tailing surface. The described engineering solutions concern techniques and equipment for spreading suitable chemical agents for dust suppression at overburden dumps and tailing storage facilities at mining and processing plants.
Dust suppression, reclamation and suspension methods, tailings surface binding, binding agents
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040165
REFERENCES
1. Noble, T.L., Parbhakar-Fox, A., Berry, R.F., and Lottermoser, B., Mineral Dust Emissions at Metalliferous Mine Sites, Environmental Indicators in Metal Mining, Springer Int. Publish., Switzerland, 2017, pp. 281–306.
2. Strizhenok, A.V. and Ivanov, A.V., Improvement of Arresting Technology for Dusting Surfaces of Manmade Hydraulic Waste Fills during Operation, Gidrotekh. Stroit., 2016, no. 3, pp. 19–22.
3. Nevskaya, M.A., Seleznev, S.G., Masloboev, V.A., Klyuchnikova, E.M., and Makarov, D.V., Environmental and Business Challenges Presented by Mining and Mineral Processing Waste in the Russian Federation, Minerals, 2019, vol. 9, p. 445.
4. Amosov, P.V., Baklanov, A.A., and Masloboev, V.A., The Results of the Assessment of the Atmosphere Pollution under the Tailing Storages Dusting (on the Basis of 3D Modeling), Izv. Vuzov, Gornyi Zh., 2017, no. 6, pp. 87–94.
5. Airiyants, A.A. and Bortnikova, S.B., Sulfide-Bearing Processing Waste Storage as a Source of Heavy Metals (Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd) in the Environment, Khim. Int. Ustoich. Razv., 2000, vol. 8, pp. 315–326.
6. Moreno, T., Higueras, P., Jones, T., McDonald, I., and Gibbons, W., Size Fractionation in Mercury-Bearing Airborne Particles (Hgpm10) at Almaden, Spain: Implications for Inhalation Hazards around Old Mines, Atmos. Environ., 2005, vol. 39, pp. 6409–6419.
7. Abdelouas, A., Uranium Mill Tailings: Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Environmental Impact, Elements, 2006, vol. 2, pp. 335–341.
8. Loredo, J., Soto, J., Alvarez, R., and Ordonez, A., Atmospheric Monitoring at Abandoned Mercury Mine Sites in Asturias (NW Spain), Environ. Monit. Assess., 2007, vol. 130, pp. 201–214.
9. Corriveau, M.C., Jamieson, H.E., Parsons, M.B., Campbell, J.L., and Lanzirotti, A., Direct Characterization of Airborne Particles Associated with Arsenic-Rich Mine Tailings: Particle Size, Mineralogy and Texture, Appl. Geochem., 2011, vol. 26, pp. 1639–1648.
10. Lilic, N., Cvjetic, A., Knezevic, D., Milisavljevic, V., and Pantelic, U., Dust and Noise Environmental Impact Assessment and Control in Serbian Mining Practice, Minerals, 2018, vol. 8, p. 34.
11. Mayorova, L.P., Cherentsova, A.A., Krupskaya, L.G., Golubev, D.A., and Kolobanopv, K.A., Assessment of Manmade Air Pollution due to Dusting at Mine Tailings Storage Facilities, Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin, 2021, no. 1, pp. 5–20.
12. Yanin, E.P., Promyshlennaya pyl’s v gorodskoi srede (geokhimicheskie osobennosti i ekologichskaya otsenka) (Industrial Dust in the Urban Environment: Geochemistry and Ecological Evaluation), Moscow: IMGRE, 2003.
13. Kaplunov, D.R. and Yukov, V.A., Principles of a Mine Transition to Sustainable and Economically Sound Development Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin, 2020, no. 3, pp. 74–86.
14. Zakharov, A.V., Guman, O.M., Makarov, A.B., Antonova, I.A., and Li, T.I., Ecology of the Neighborhood of Ferrous Metallurgy Waste Dumps: A Case-Study of Cinder-Yard Monitoring at EBRAZ NTMK, Izv. Ur.GGU, 2014, no. 3, issue 35, pp. 51–56.
15. Chepelev, O.A. and Lomivorotova, O.M., Investigation of Dusting at Overburden Dumps and Tailings Ponds at Lebedinsky mining and Processing Plant Using Optical Aerosol Analyzer, Probl. Regional/ Ekokog., 2011, no. 2, pp. 45–48.
16. Mikhailova, T.L. and Khokhryakov, A.V., Expedient Land Use in Nonferrous Metallurgy, Gornyi Zh., 1993, no. 6, pp. 97–137.
17. Cecala, A.B., O’Brien, A.D., Schall, J., Colinet, J.F., Fox, W.R., Franta, R.J., Joy, J., Reed, W.R., Reeser, P.W., Rounds, J.R., and Schultz, M.J., Dust Control Handbook for Industrial Minerals Mining and Processing. Report of Investigations 9689, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2012.
18. Panov, S.N., Butakov, O.N., and Atavina, T.M., Tailings Ponds: Biological Binding and Advanced Reclamation, Ekolog. Proizv., 2014, no. 11, pp. 58–61.
19. Pereverzev, V.N. and Podlesnaya, N.I., Biologicheskaya rekul’tivatsiya promyshlennykh otvalov na Krainem Severe (Biological Reclamation of Industrial Waste Piles in the Far North), Apatity: KF AN SSSR, 1986.
20. Mesyats, S.P. and Volkova, E.Yu., Strategy of Recovery of Mining-Disturbed Landscapes in the Biosphere, GIAB, 2014, Special Issue: Resource Management Ecology, pp. 3–11.
21. Lychagin, E.V. and Sinitsa, I.V., Improvement of Dusting Surface Binding Techniques, GIAB, 2007, no. 8, pp. 136–140.
22. Kuznetsov, S.V., Assessment of Dusting-Induced Pollution in Open Pit Mining Based on Ecological Risk Criterion, Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Saint-Petersburg, 2006.
23. Bruev, V.P., Mikhailovsky GOK Gaining Pace of Production, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2004, no. 1, pp. 25–28.
24. Melent’ev, V.A., Kolpashnikov, N.P., and Volnin, B.A., Namyvnye gidrotekhnicheskie sooruzhenia (Hydraulic Fill Structures), Moscow: Energiya, 1973.
25. Kretinin, A.V., Borisov, V.G., and Zhushman, V.N., Methods of Dust Combating at Operating Tailings Ponds, Tsv. Metallurg., 1988, no. 3, pp. 55–57.
26. Nemirovskii, A.V., Method to Create Wind-Resistant Tailings Storage, Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Moscow, 2016.
27. Malyarchuk, V.F., Teslenko, L.I., Veretennikov, A.I., Bol’shunov, V.G., Boiko, V.V., and Levchuk, N.N., RF patent no. 2029775, Byuill. Izobret., 1995, no. 6.
28. Kalugin, A.I., Konina, O.T., and Gusar’, I.V., Environmental Activity of Apatit JSC: Outcome and Challenges, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2014, no. 10, pp. 88–92.
29. Masloboev, V.A., Svetlov, A.V., Konina, O.T., Mitrofanova, G.V., Turtanov, A.V., and Makarov, D.V., Selection of Binding Agents for Dust Prevention at tailings Ponds at Apatite–Napheline Ore Processing Plants, Journal of Mining Science, 2018, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 329–338.
30. Kichigin, E.V., Tikunova, I.V., and Deineka, L.A., RF patent no. 2137923, Byull. Izobret., 1999, no. 26.
31. Perepelitsyn, A.I., Mochalov, V.I., and Shmigirilov, V.I., RF patent no. 2148720, Byull. Izobret., 2000, no. 13.
32. Brauner, E.N., Physicochemical validation of enhanced efficiency of dusting surface arresting at mines in Transbaikalia, Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Chita, 2000.
33. Ushakov, V.V. and Brauner, E.N., RF patent no. 2151301, Byull. Izobret., 2000, no. 17.
34. Devi, R.M., Madhavan, N., Adhavan, N., Bhattacharyya, A., and Arumugam, N., Patent WO2013108057 A1, Publication 25.07.2013.
35. Kaipbaev, D.K., Oleinikov, A.G., Sviryakin, B.I., Kushtaev, A.Zh., Storozhenko, N.D., and Arustamyan, M.A., KZ patent no. 782, Byull. Izobret., 1994, no. 2.
36. Lobanov, F.I., Chukalina, E.M., Kozlov, L.N., Globa, E.Yu., and Kaplunov, Yu.V., RF patent no. 2513786, Byull. Izobret., 2014, no. 11.
37. Sergeev, S.V., Sinitsa, I.V., and Lychagin, E.V., RF patent no. 2303700, Byull. Izobret., 2007, no. 21.
38. Sinitsa, I.V., Development and Analysis of Parameters for Arresting Technique for Dusting Surfaces of Tailings Ponds, Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Tula, 2008.
39. Gurin, A.A., Lyashenko, V.I., and Domnichev, N.V., Dusting Reduction at Operating Tailings Ponds of Mining and Processing Plants, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2012, no. 5, pp. 13–22.
40. Shuvalov, Yu.V., Pashkevich, M.A., Kovshov, V.P., Smirnov, Yu.D., Kovshov, S.V., Malyshkin, M.M., and Shcherbo, A.S., RF patent no. 2407891, Byull. Izobret., 2010, no. 36.
41. Il’chenkova, S.A., Reduction in the Environmental Load of Dusting by Biding of Dispersed Materials of Dusting Surfaces in Mining Areas, Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Saint-Petersburg, 2005.
42. Shuvalov, Yu.V., Bul’bashev, A.P., Il’chenkova, S.A., and Gaspar’yan, N.A., RF patent no. 2230997, Byull. Izobret., 2004, no. 17.
43. Myazin, V.P., Babello, V.A., Ofitserov, V.F., and Khodkevich, D.V., RF patent no. 2175065, Byull Izobret., 2001, no. 29.
44. Bruev, V.P., Mineev, V.I., Spiridonov, Yu.S., Kichigin, E.V., and Petrichenko, V.P., RF patent no. 2272147, Byull. Izobret., 2006, no. 8.
45. Strizhenok, A.V., Ecological Safety Control at Manmade Hydraulic Fills during Aggradation at Apatit JSC, Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Saint-Petersburg, 2015.
46. Komonov, S.V., Dust Suppression Technology at Ash Dumps in Power Generating Sector, Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Krasnoyarsk, 2006.
NEW METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS IN MINING
SIMPLE SHEAR TESTING MACHINE
V. P. Kosykh* and A. F. Revuzhenko**
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
*e-mail: v-kosykh@yandex.ru
**e-mail: revuzhenko@yandex.ru
The authors have designed equipment for the stress–strain behavior assessment in granular medium and soil in shearing. The shear testing machine enables investigation of stresses and dilatancy in granular materials subjected to multiple cyclical shears (tens thousands). Special sensors are designed for long-term stress and dilatancy measurements in granular media in lab-scale modeling of geomechanical processes.
Simple shear testing machine, uniform deformation, cyclical loading, dilatancy, stress sensors
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040177
REFERENCES
1. RF State Standard GOST 12248.1. Soils. Determination of Strength Characteristics by Direct Shear Method. Moscow: Standartinform, 2020.
2. Boldyrev, G.G., Metody opredeleniya mekhanicheskikh svoystv gruntov s kommentariyami k GOST 12248–2010 (Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Soils with Comments to GOST 12248–2010), Moscow: Prondo, 2014.
3. RF State Standard GOST 12248–2010. Soils. Methods for Laboratory Determining the Characteristics of Strength and Deformability.
4. Bugrov, À.Ê., Narbut, R.Ì., and Sipidin, V.P., Issledovaniye gruntov v usloviyakh trekhosnogo szhatiya (Investigation of Soils under Triaxial Compression), Leningrad: Stroyizdat, Leningr. Otd., 1987.
5. Kryzhanovskiy, À.L., Vil’gelm, Yu.S., and Rakhmanov, Ò., Determination of Friction Angle of Loose Soils in Triaxial Equipment and Shear Devices, Osnov. Fund. Mekh. Gruntov, 1983, no. 6.
6. Revuzhenko, À.F., Stazhevskii, S.B., and Shemyakin, Å.I., Mechanism of Deformation of a Granular Material under High Shear, Sov. Min. Sci., 1974, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 374–377.
7. Kulikov, À.V., Stress Measurement in Soils with Upgraded Sensors, Online Journal Transportnye Sooruzheniya, 2019, vol. 6, no. 1.
8. Baranov, D.S., Obshchiye i metrologicheskiye trebovaniya k datchikam davleniy (mesdozam) i metody ispytaniy. Tenzometricheskiye pribory dlya issledovaniya stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy (General and Metrological Requirements for Pressure Sensors (Cells) and Test Methods. Strain Gauges for Studying Building Structures), Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1971.
9. Krivorotov, À.P., On the Procedure of Stress Measurement in Soils, Osnovaniya, fundamenty i mekhanika gruntov, 1971, no. 1.
10. Bobryakov, À.P., Klishin, S.V., Kosykh, V.P., and Revuzhenko, À.F., On the Problem of Measuring and Calculating Stresses during the Release of Granular Materials, Fund. Prikl. Vopr. Gorn. Nauk, 2017, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 32–37.
USABILITY OF DIGITAL SHORE HARDNESS DEVICES IN ESTIMATION OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ROCKS
D. Akbay* and G. Ekincioğlu
Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çan Vocational School, Çan, Çanakkale, 17400 Turkey
*e-mail: denizakbay@comu.edu.tr
Ahi Evran University, Kaman Vocational School, Kaman, Kırşehir, 40300 Turkey
In this study, the Shore hardness measurements are made on carbonate rocks using Durometer PCE-1000, Mitech MH310 Hardness Tester and C-2 type Shore Scleroscope, and the results obtained were compared. The usability of digital new generation Shore hardness test devices (Durometer PCE-1000 and Mitech MH310 Hardness Tester) to determine the Shore hardness of the rocks is investigated.
Rock hardness, Shore hardness, natural stone, physical and mechanical properties
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040189
REFERENCES
1. Shalabi, F.I., Cording, E.J., and Al-Hattamleh. O.H., Estimation of Rock Engineering Properties Using Hardness Tests, Eng. Geol., 2007, vol. 90, pp. 138–147.
2. Boutrid, A., Bensihamdi, S., Chettibi, M., and Talhi, K., Strength Hardness Rock Testing, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no.1, pp. 95–110.
3. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness, E140–12b, 2013.
4. Celik, S.B. and Cobanoglu, I., Comparative Investigation of Shore, Schmidt, and Leeb Hardness Tests in the Characterization of Rock Materials, Environ. Earth Sci., 2019, vol. 78.
5. Atkinson, R.H., Hardness Test for Rock Characterization, Comprehensive Rock Engineering: Principles, Practice and Projects, Rock Testing and Site Characterization, Oxford, Pergamon, 1993.
6. Tabor, D., Mohr’s Hardness Scale, A Physical Interpretation, Proc. of Physical Society of London, Section B, 1954.
7. Ulusay, R. and Hudson, J.A. (Eds.), International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM), The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring, 1974–2006, Ankara, Pergamon, Oxford, 2007.
8. Alt?ndag, R. and Guney, A., ISRM Suggested Method for Determining the Shore Hardness Value for Rock, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min., 2005, vol. 43, pp. 19–22.
9. Turkish Standard TS EN 1936. Natural Stone Test Methods—Determination of Real Density and Apparent Density, and of Total and Open Porosity, 2010.
10. Turkish Standard TS EN 14579. Natural Stone Test Methods—Determination of Sound Speed Propagation, 2015.
11. Turkish Standard TS EN 14157. Natural Stone—Determination of the Abrasion Resistance, 2017.
12. Moore, D.S., Notz, W.I., and Flinger, M.A., The Basic Practice of Statistics, W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, 2013.
13. Doymus, K., Korelasyon Analizi, https://kemaldoymus.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/korelasyon.ppt. Accessed January 5, 2016.
RESEARCH OF MINE CONVEYOR BELT DEVIATION DETECTION SYSTEM BASED ON MACHINE VISION
Taihua Wang*, Zheng Dong**, and Jiaqi Liu
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Henan Polytechnic University,
Jiaozuo ,454000 China
*e-mail: 9567551@qq.com
**e-mail: 460757110@qq.com
The article determines the three-level deviation correction equipment of mine conveyor belt. The experimental results show that the mine conveyor belt deviation detection system based on machine vision can effectively detect the deviation fault and control the deviation correction equipment, which has the advantages of high efficiency and fast processing speed. The mine conveyor image clarity in operation under high dustiness is greatly increased.
Belt conveyor, machine vision, deviation fault, deviation detection, increased image clarity
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739121040190
REFERENCES
1. Zhang, Y.F., Design and Application of Deviation Correction Device for Belt Conveyor, Mech. Management and Development, 2019, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 70–71.
2. Qin, L., Belt Conveyor Common Fault Analysis and Treatment Methods, Coal Technology, 2009, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 18–20.
3. Gao, R., Miao, Ch., Miao, D., and Li, X., Multi-View Image Adaptive Enhancement Method for Conveyor Belt Fault Detection, J. of China Coal Society, 2017, vol. 42, no. S2, pp. 594–602.
4. Wang, G.,Ren, H.,Pang, Y., Cao, X.,Zhao, G., Chen, H.,and Du, Y., Research and Engineering Progress of Intelligent Coal Mine Technical System in Early Stages, Coal Sci. and Technol., 2020, vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 1–27.
5. Hu, E., Li, M., Wang, Y., Lyu, D., and Sun, Y., Research on Dust Removal Method for Vision System of Coal Mine Robot, Coal Sci. and Technol., 2020, vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 243–248.
6. Wan, W., Tian, B., Feng, H., Cheng, X., Li, P., and Ren, A., Research on Multi-Parameters Detection Method of Mine Belt Conveyor Based on Laser Ranging, Coal Sci. and Technol., 2020, vol. 48, no. 8, pp. 131–138.
7. Qiu, S. and Tan, Z., Study on Index System of Intelligent Mine Construction Degree in Coal Enterprises, Coal Sci. and Technol., 2019, vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 259–266.
8. Wu, Q.,Jiang, L.,Wang, G.,Ye, O., Jiang, Z., Dong, L., Guo, J., Fu, L., Shi, X., Xi, X., and Xue, Z., Top-Level Architecture Design and Key Techno¬logies of Smart Mine, Coal Sci. and Technol., 2020, vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 80–91.
9. Wang, T., Research on Fault Detection of Mine Conveyor Based on Image Processing, Mod. Chem. Res., 2018, vol. 12, pp. 78–79.
10. Yang, X., Tian, M., Li, L., Lei, Z., Song, J., and Zhang, L., Research on Belt Failure Detection Technology for Belt Conveyor, Coal Mine Machinery, 2019, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 133–136.
11. Mao, Q., Mao, J., Ma, H., Zhang, X., and Li, Z., Research on Intelligent Monitoring System of Mine-Used Belt Conveyor, Industry and Mine Automation, 2020, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 48–52.
12. Sang, G., Reasons for Belt Conveyor Deviation and Design of Double Vertical Roller Deflection Control Device, Mech. Eng. & Automation, 2019, vol. 2, pp. 206–207.
13. He, J., Xue, H., Zhang, S., and Chen, Y., Analysis of Rectifying Characteristic of Belt Conveyor Self-Aligning Idler, Coal Mine Machinery, 2020, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 72–74.
14. Zhang, Z. and Zhang, P.P., Research on Deviation and Correction Measures of Belt Conveyor in Coal Mine, Mech. Eng., 2019, vol. 9, pp. 99–101.
15. Jia, Y., Jin, Y., Wang, Y., and Zhang, J., Belt Correction System of Belt Conveyor Based on Visual Detection, Coal Mine Machinery, 2019, vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 62–64.
16. Zhang, X., Zhang, S., Fang, S., and Cao, Y., Clearing Research on Fog and Dust Images in Coalmine Intelligent Video Surveillance, J. of China Coal Society, 2014, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 198–204.
17. Wang, H., Study on Centralized Control System of Digital Fully-Mechanized Coal Mining Face, Coal Sci. and Technol., 2017, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 135–141.
18. Sun, J., New Technology and Development of Mine Informatization and Automation, Coal Sci. and Technol., 2016, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 19–23.
19. He, Y., Huang, Q., and Cao, J., Development Status and Key Technology of Visual Mine, Coal Sci. and Technol., 2019, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 32–37.
20. Xie, Y., Xu, Z.X., Wang, B., and Shi, Y.Z., Deviation of Conveyor Belt in Open-Pit Coal Mine in Alpine Area and Improvement Measures, Coal Mine Machinery, 2019, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 109–110.
 Âåðñèÿ äëÿ ïå÷àòè (îòêðîåòñÿ â íîâîì îêíå)
|
