JMS, Vol. 55, No. 3, 2019
GEOMECHANICS
FLUID FLOW RATE UNDER HYDRAULIC IMPULSE EFFECT ON WELL BOTTOM ZONE IN OIL RESERVOIR
D. S. Evstigneev, M. V. Kurlenya, V. I. Pen’kovskii, and A. V. Savchenko
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: sav@eml.x.ru
Lavrentiev Institute of Hydrodynamics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
e-mail: penkov@hydro.nsc.ru
The solution is presented for the problem on oil percolation in a reservoir at the present and time-varying pressure difference between the injection and production wells. The area of water blocking under capillary pressure in the well bottom zone is determined. The algorithm is proposed for calculating fluid pressure on the well bottom by readings of echo sounder installed at the well mouth. The penetration zone of pressure fluctuations in the reservoir is estimated, and their effect on enhanced well production is shown.
Oil reservoir, pressure pulses, two-phase filtration flow, well bottom zone
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035659
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ACOUSTIC EMISSION IN. A. LAYER OF GEOMATERIAL UNDER DEFORMATION BY SHEAR
G. G. Kocharyan, K. G. Morozova, and A. A. Ostapchuk
Institute of Geosphere Dynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, 119334 Russia
e-mail: ostapchuk@igd.chph.ras.ru
The new method is proposed for interpreting data of acoustic emission during initiation and growth of dynamic breakaways. The method is based on the analysis of wave form of the emitted acoustic pulses. Clustering of the pulses by the wave form criterion shows that in the localization zone of strains different-scale processes described with various scaling relations take place. All classes of acoustic pulses obey the power-series amplitude–frequency distribution. The sharp-arrival acoustic pulses posses unaltered scaling relations in the period of nucleation and growth of dynamic breakaways whereas the smooth-arrival pulses demonstrate the nonlinear change in the scaling relations. At the final stage of the dynamic breakaway formation, the proportion and amplitude of acoustic pulses with smooth arrival increase.
Acoustic emission, wave form, discontinuous slip, amplitude–frequency distribution, dynamic breakaway
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035660
REFERENCES
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6. Kol’tsov, V.N., Lukishov, B.G., Konovalov, B.D., and Ter-Semenov, A.A., Seismic Method to Cotrol Slope Stability in the Muruntau Open Pit Mine, Gorn. Vestn. Uzbekistana, 2002, no. 2, pp. 27–28.
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PHYSICAL MODELING OF DEFORMATION PROCESSES IN PIT SLOPE WITH STEEP BEDDING
S. V. Tsirel’, A. A. Pavlovich, N. Ya. Mel’nikov, and B. Yu. Zuev
Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint-Petersburg,
199106 Russia
e-mail: Pavlovich_aa@pers.spmi.ru
The results of physical modeling of deep pit slopes with equivalent materials are presented. The checking calculation is preformed using the limit equilibrium method. The displacements in the model are determined, and the safety factors of stable slopes are calculated at all stages of modeling. The pattern of deformation and failure of pit slopes is analyzed starting from the first manifestations till total instability at different strength characteristics of bedding interfaces. It is found that failure mechanism of pit slopes with steep bedding is governed by shear strength of interfaces. When the interfaces and rock mass have similar strength characteristics, pit slope deforms along a smooth curved sliding surface by the similar mechanism of an isotropic slope. In the presence of interfaces with much lower strength characteristics than the rock mass strength, the slope deformation has the mechanism of flexure toppling. In an intermediate variant, it is most probable that failure follows the mechanism of bending with subsequent shear of the layers along a curved surface.
Bedding, pit slope, physical modeling, equivalent materials, safety factors, failure mechanism, displacement
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035672
REFERENCES
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3. Galust’yan, E.L., Geomekhanika otkrytykh gornykh rabot (Geomechanics of Open Pit Mining), Moscow: Nedra, 1992.
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8. Pravila obsepecheniya ustoichivosti otkosov na ugol’nykh razrezakh (Slope Stability Regulations for Open Pit Coal Mines), Saint-Petersburg: VNIMI, 1998.
9. Novikova, L.K., Optimal design of coal pit walls with steeply dipping bedding, Synopsys Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Karaganda: KarGTU, 1994.
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11. Tsirel’, S.V., Pavlovich, A.A., Zuev, B.Yu., and Mel’nikov, N.Ya., Estimation of slope stability of pit walls and dumps in case of steep anti-dip bedding, Innovations in Mine Design—Geomechanical Support and Supervision: Proc. 8th Int. Conf., Saint-Petersburg: SPbGU, 2017, pp. 171–182.
12. John Read and Peter Stacey (Eds.), Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design, CRC Press, Balkema, 2009.
13. Mwango Bowa, V., Xia, Y., and Yan, M., Toppling of the jointed rock slope with counter-tilted weak planes influenced by the response to local earthquakes, Int. J. Min. and Min. Eng., 2018, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 302–320.
14. Mitani, Y., Esaki, T., and Cai, Y., A numerical study about flexure toppling phenomenon on rock slope. Numerical modeling of discrete materials in geotechnical engineering, Civil Engineering, and Earth Sciences Conference, 2004, pp. 235–241.
15. Zheng, Y., Chen, C., Liu, X.W., and Shen, Q., Stability analysis of rock slopes against sliding or flexural-toppling failure, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and Environment, 2018, vol. 77, no. 4, pp. 1383–1403.
16. Sun, C., Chen, C., Zheng, Y., Xia, K., and Zhang, W., Toppling failure analysis of anti-dip bedding rock slopes subjected to crest loads, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology Int. J. of Geotech. and Geol. Eng., 2018, vol. 12, no. 11, pp. 670–678.
17. Tsirel’, S.V. and Pavlovich, A.A., Challenges and advancement in geomechanical justification of pit wall designs, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2017, no. 7, pp. 39–45.
ASSESSMENT OF EXCAVATABILITY INDEX IN FREEZABLE BLASTED ROCK MASS
S. V. Panishev, E. L. Al’kova, and M. S. Maksimov
Chersky Institute of Mining of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Yakutsk, 677980 Russia
e-mail: bsdpsv@mail.ru
The regularities of change in mechanical characteristics of heterogeneous structure of frozen geomaterials depending on grain size composition, temperature, moisture content and density of sample packing are determined. It is found that the major influence is exerted on the shear strength, internal friction angle and cohesion in the samples structurally commensurable with blasted rock mass by temperature, moisture content and packing. In the size range of 10–40 mm of inclusions in a sample, the internal friction angle drops by 2 times while the cohesion jumps by the same value. It is shown that blasted frozen rocks prone to re-adfreezing is a complex medium possessing properties of intact uniform rock mass.
Adfeezing, shear strength, internal friction angle, structural cohesion, excavatability index
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035684
REFERENCES
1. Rzhevsky, V. V. Protsessy otkrytykh gornykh rabot (Open Pit Mining Processes), Moscow: Nedra, 1978.
2. Liu, J., Lv, P., Cui, Y., and Liu, J., Experimental study on direct shear behavior of frozen soil–concrete interface, Cold Regions Sci. and Tech., 2014, vol. 104–105, pp. 1–6.
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4. Panishev, S.V. and Kaimonov, M.V., Technical approach to prediction of dragline productiveness in blasted rock handling at open pit mines in permafrost zone, J. of Min. Sci., 2018, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 702–707.
5. Anvari, S.M., Shooshpasha, I., and Kutanaei, S.S., Effect of granulated rubber on shear strength of fine-grained sand, J. of Rock Mech. and Geotech. Eng., 2017, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 936–944.
6. Tsirel’, S.V., Gaponov, Yu.S., and Pavlovish, A.A., Grai size composition and shear strength of broken rocks and influence on dump stability, GIAB, 2013, no. 12.
7. Vinokurov, A.P., Freezing processes in rocks in the permafrost zone, GIAB, 2011, no. 10, pp. 75–82.
8. Maslov, N.N., Inzhenernaya geologiya (Engineering Geology), Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1941.
9. Vakulin, A.A., Osnovy geokriologii (Basic Geocryology), Tyumen: TyumGu, 2011.
10. Al’kova, E.L., Panishev, S.V., Kozlov, D.S., and Maksimov, M.S., Experimental investigation of shear strength in frozne rocks with large size samples, Usp. Sovrem. Estestvozn., 2016, no. 8, pp. 145–149.
11. Panishev, S.V., Ermakov, S.A., Al’kova, E.L., Maksimov, M.S., and Kozlov, D.S., RF patent no. 2629610, Byull. Izobret., 2017, no. 25.
ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL APPROACH FOR ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING PIT SLOPE STABILITY AT DORLI OCP-II, INDIA
Inumula Satyanarayana and G. Budi
Directorate General of Mine Safety,
Dhanbad, 826001 India
e-mail: isatyanarayana@dgms.gov.in
Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM),
Dhanbad, 826004 India
e-mail: anandbudi@iitism.ac.in
In order to determine the slope stability of an open-pit mine effectively at Dorli Opencast Project-II (Dorli OCP-II) of M/s Singareni Collieries Company Ltd. (SCCL), India, from available geotechnical data, this paper proposes analytical and numerical models. Physico-mechanical properties of the rock materials required for establishing these models were obtained by laboratory tests conducted on core samples taken directly from the mine. In this research, the influence of 6 discriminant factors on the pit stability by changing one-factor-at-a-time (OAT) and keeping all other factors fixed is studied. The study utilizes Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) based software (SLIDE), Finite Element Method (FEM) based software (RS2) and Finite Difference Method (FDM) based software (FLAC/SLOPE) to analyze the sensitivity of each factor on the Factor of Safety (FoS) of pit slope for high accuracy and validation of models. The results from these methods of analyses are compared and comparison of the outputs of analyses shows a very good agreement with nominal difference (<1%) in the FoS.
Pit slope stability, LEM, FEM, FDM, factor of safety, stability analysis
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035696
REFERENCES
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5. Duncan, J.M., State of the Art: Limit Equilibrium and Finite-Element Analysis of Slopes, J. Geotech. Eng., 1996, vol. 122, no. 7, pp. 577–596.
6. Kong, B.F., Ruan, H.N., Zhu, Z.D., Yuan, W.J., and Chen, Z.Z., Slope Stability Analysis by Strength Reduction Based on Distinct Element Method, Yellow River, 2013, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 120–123.
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8. Cheng, Y.M. and Lau, C.K., Slope Stability Analysis and Stabilization New Methods and Insight, Taylor and Francis e-Library, 2008.
9. Nuric, A., Nuric, S., and Lapandic, I., Analysis of the Overall Slope Stability on Pit Mine Moscanica in Zenica with Methods Bishop and Morgenstern—Price, Proceedings 37th IOCMM, Technical Faculty at Bor University of Belgrade and Copper Institute Bor, 2005, pp. 28–34.
10. Abramson, L.W., Lee, T.S., Sharma, S., and Boyce, G., M. Slope Stability Concepts, Slope Stability and Stabilization Methods, John Willey and Sons, 2002, Inc.
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14. Abramson, L.W., Lee, T.S., Sharma, S., and Boyce, G.M., Slope Stability Concepts, Slope Stability and Stabilization Methods, John Willey and Sons, 2002, Inc.
15. Read, J. and Stacey, P., Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design, CSIRO Publishing, 2009.
ROCK FAILURE
INTEGRAL CRITERION FOR DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH AND FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF ROCKS
V. P. Efimov
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia e-mail: efimov-pedan@mail.ru
The method of determining strength characteristics of rocks subjected to tension is tested; the method is based on processing of data from fracture tests of specimens with axial holes of different diameters subjected to loading along diameter. The test data of specimens of rocks and simulating media in the form of cores with axial holes and fractured along diameter are processed based on the integral strength criterion of Novozhilov. The comparison shows good agreement between the fracture toughness and tensile strength values obtained using the proposed method and in standard measurements.
Fracture, Brazilian tests, tensile strength, fracture toughness, cumulative strength criterion
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035708
REFERENCES
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17. Suknev, S.V., Fracture of Brittle Geomaterial with a Circular Hole under Biaxial Loading, J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys., 2015, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 1071–1077.
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MINERAL MINING TECHNOLOGY
METHODOLOGY FOR CREATION AND APPLICATION OF NATURE-LIKE MINING TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPMENT OF MINERAL RESOURCES IN THE ARCTIC
K. N. Trubetskoy, Yu. P. Galchenko, and G. V. Kalabin
Academician Melnikov Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources—IPKON, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, 111020 Russia
e-mail: schtrek33@mail.ru
e-mail: kalbin.g@gmail.ru
The problem of finding ways of overcoming antagonistical contradictions between the techno- and bio-spheres in development of mineral resources in the Arctic is discussed. It is shown that one of the main avenues of advancement under these conditions is creation and application of nature-like mining technologies. It is found that the hierarchical peak influence on natural biota destruction in permafrost zone is connected with accumulation of solid mining and processing waste on the ground surface, which predetermines the principate of the closed-cycle circulation of solid in lithosphere within the cluster of a nature-like mining technology. The idea is developed and proposed to accord the functional structure of a mining technology with the internal structure of a cryo-georesource and with relation of its components in space and time.
Arctic zone, biota, mineral resoirces and reserves, permafrost zone, temeprature resource, nature-like technologies
DOI: 10.1134/S106273911903571X
REFERENCES
1. Koval’chuk, M.V. and Naraikin, O.S., Nature-Like Technologies—New Capacities and New Challenges, Ind. Bezop., 2017, vol. 22, no. 3–4 (118–119), pp. 103–108.
2. Dubrovsky, D.I. (Ed.), Global’noe budushchee 2045. Konvergentnye tekhnologii (NBIKS) i transgumanisticheskaya evolyutsiya (Global Future 2045. Convergent Technologies (NBICS) and Transhumanistic Evolution), Moscow: IzdatMBA, 2013.
3. Trubetskoy, K.N. and Galchenko, Yu.P., Geoekologiya osvoeniya nedr Zemli i ekogeotekhnologii razrabotki mestorozhdenii (Subsoil Use Geoecology and Mining Ecogeotechnologies), Moscow: Nauchtekhlitizdat, 2015.
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6. Chanturia, V.A. and Vigdergauz, V.E., Elektrokhimiya sul’fidov: teoriya i praktika flotatsii (Electrochemistry of Sulfides: Theory and Practice of Flotation), Moscow: Nauka, 1993.
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10. Kaplunov, D.R. and Ryl’nikova, M.V., Renewable energy sources as a georesource in the system of technology-induced transformation in the Earth’s interior, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2015, no. 9. pp. 44–49.
11. Ryl’nikova, M.V. and Galchenko, Yu.P., Vozobnovlyaemye istochniki energii pri kompleksnom osvoenii nedr (Renewable Sources of Energy in Integrated Subsoil Use), Moscow: IPKON RAN, 2015.
COAL QUALITY CONTROL IN MINING COMPLEX-STRUCTURE DEPOSITS
E. A. Khoyutanov and V. L. Gavrilov
Chersky Institute of Mining of the North, Siberian Branch,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, 677980 Russia
e-mail: khoiutanov@igds.ysn.ru
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: gvlugorsk@mail.ru
The expediency of allowance for the links in the georesource–open pit–preparation plant chains as an integral information, technology and management space is considered. The methodical approaches to improvement of useful qualities of coal, in the first turn, its ash content graded as a rank of components are substantiated. In terms of the Elga deposit in South Yakutia, potentiality of increase in completeness and quality of coal extraction based on the studies into structure and contact zones of seams is illustrated. The schemes are proposed for ash content control in coal mining through extraction of dirt and high-ash interbeds of various thickness. The process charts for mining thin coal and dirt interbeds are proposed. The recommendations are provided for development of coal seams composed of bands of different ash content and washability.
Coal, ash content, control, Elga deposit, quality, resources, estimation
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035721
REFERENCES
1. Shchadov, M.I., Freidina, E.V., Botvinnik, A.A., and Dvornikova, A.N., System Control of Coal Quality in Open Pit Mining, Ugol’, 2003, no. 2, pp. 15–20.
2. Freidina, E.V., Botvinnik, A.A., and Dvornikova, A.N., Method and Estimation of Efficient Differentiation of Coal Reserves Based on Washability, J. Min. Sci., 2016, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 712–724.
3. Kolesnikov, V.F., Koryakin, A.I., and Strel’nikov, A.V., Tekhnologiya vedeniya vyemochnykh rabot s primeneniem gidravlicheskikh ekkskavatorov (Mining Technology with Hydraulic Shovels), Kemerovo: Kuzbassvuzizdat, 2009.
4. Freidina, E.V., Botvinnik, A.A., and Dvornikova, A.N., Selecting Quality Conformance Criterion of Coal products, GIAB, 2009, Special Issue 5, pp. 90–101.
5. Kosolapov, A.I. and Snetkov, D.S., Quality Control in Mining Lignite Deposits in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, GIAB, 2009, no. 8, pp. 110–116.
6. Sidorova, G.P., Methods of Operating Quality Control in the Urtui Open Pit Lignite Mine, GIAB, 2006, no. 12, pp. 141–145.
7. Lazar, M. and Faur, F., Considerations on the Influence of Extraction Technology of Lignite in Open Pits over the Production Quality, SGEM, 2012, vol. 1, pp. 503–510.
8. Zemskov, A.N. and Vishnyak, B.A., Creation of an Automated Coal Blending System at Angren Open Pit Mine of Uzbekugo, Gorn. vestn. Uzbekistan., 2008, no. 1 (32), pp. 41–42.
9. Kayabasi, Ali, Turer, D., Yesiloglu-Gultekin, N., and Gokceoglu, Candan., Spatial Distribution of Coal Quality Parameters with Respect to Production Requirements: An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Application for the Can Coal Field (Turkey), Geocarto Int., 2016, vol. 31, pp. 193–209.
10. Badani-Prado, M.A., Kecojevic, V., and Bogunovic, D., Coal Quality Management Model for Dome Storage (DS-CQMM), J. of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2016, vol. 116, no. 7, pp. 699–708.
11. Kozlov, V.A., The Variation of the Concentration Ratio Output for Different Grain Size Classes of the Metallurgical Coal at Elginskoe Deposit, GIAB, 2011, no. 5, pp. 127–130.
12. Avdokhin, V.M., Morozov, V.V., and Kuz’min, A.V., Vacuum-and-Pneumatic Separation of Difficult Coal, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2008, no. 12, pp. 56–60.
13. Rubinstein, J.B., Swanson, A., Holuszko, M.E., Shaoqiang, Z., Ziaja, D., Anastassakis, G., Bokanyi, L., Sachdev, R.K., Bekturganov, N.S., Aibuldinov, E.K., Blaschke, W., Baic, I., Johannes de Korte, G., Ozbayoglu, G., Laurila, M., Jenkinson, D., and Vorob’ev, S.A., Coal Preparation in the World—Current Status and Global Trends: A Review, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2016, no. 6, pp. 4–55.
14. Korchevskiy, A.N., Analysis of Processing Plant Operation Based on Separator SVP-5,5*1 with Different Coal Types, Zbagachennya korinikh kopalin: nauch.-tekh. sb., 2–12, no. 51, pp. 108–113.
15. Yingde, L. and Yanzhong, W., Study on Whole Process Quality Control in Coal Production Based on Industry Engineering, Proc. of 2008 Int. Conf. of Logistics Eng. and Supply Chain, 2008, pp. 886–890.
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17. Webber, T., Leite Costa, J.F., and Salvadoretti, P., Using Borehole Geophysical Data as Soft Information in Indicator Kriging for Coal Quality Estimation, Int. J. of Coal Geology, 2013, vol. 112, pp. 67–75.
18. Oliver, M.A. and Webster, R., A Tutorial Guide to Geostatistics: Computing and Modeling Variograms and Kriging, Catena, 2014, vol. 113, pp. 56–69.
19. Sekisov, G.V., Yakimov, A.A., and Cheban, A.Yu., Process Uniformity of Coal, Vestn. ZabGU, 2017, vol. 23, no. 9, pp. 32–44.
20. Benndorf, J., Application of Efficient Methods of Conditional Simulation for Optimizing Coal Blending Strategies in Large Continuous Open Pit Mining Operations, Int. J. of Coal Geology, 2013, vol. 112, pp. 141–153.
21. Sun, Z., Lu, W., Xuan, P., Li, H., Zhang, S., Niu, S., and Jia, R., Separation of Gangue from Coal Based on Supplementary Texture by Morphology, Int. J. of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 2019.
22. Karacan, C.O. and Olea, R.A., Mapping of Compositional Properties of Coal Using Isometric Log-Ratio Transformation and Sequential Gaussian Simulation—A Comparative Study for Spatial Ultimate Analyses Data, J. of Geochemical Exploration, 2018, vol. 186, pp. 36–49.
23. Olea, R.A. and Luppens, J.A., Mapping of Coal Quality Using Stochastic Simulation and Isometric Logratio Transformation with an Application to a Texas Lignite, Int. J. of Coal Geology, 2015, vol. 152, Part B, pp. 80–93.
24. Yuksel, C., Thielemann, T., Wambeke, T., and Benndorf, J., Real-Time Resource Model Updating for Improved Coal Quality Control Using Online Data, Int. J. of Coal Geology, 2016, vol. 162, pp. 61–73.
25. Khoyutanov, E.A. and Gavrilov, V.L., Procedure for Estimating Natural and Technological Components in Ash Content of Produced Coal, J. Min. Sci., 2018, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 782–792.
26. Batugin, S.A., Gavrilov, V.L., and Khoyutanov, E.A., Geotechnical Approaches to Coal Ash Content Control in Mining of Complex Structure Deposits, J. Fundament. Appl. Min. Sci., 2016, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 12–17.
27. Batugin, S.A., Gavrilov, V.L., and Khoyutanov, E.A., Improvement of Complete Extraction of Reserves from Complex Structure Beds with Regard to Ash Content of Top and Bottom Coal, Vestn. ZabGU, 2016, vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 20–29.
28. Vasil’ev, P.N., Gavrilov, V.L., and Khoyutanov, E.A., RF patent no. 2514252, Byull. Izobret., 2014, no. 12.
29. Zakharov, E.V. and Kurilko, A.S., Local Minimum of Energy Consumption in Hard Rock Failure in Negative Temperature Range, J. Min. Sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 284–287.
30. Tkach, S.M., Vasil’ev, P.N., and Khoyutanov, E.A., RF patent no. 2514248, Byull. Izobret., 2014, no. 12.
31. Khoyutanov, E.A., Batugin, S.A., and Gavrilov, V.L., Reserves for Natural and Technological Component Control in Ash Content of Coal from Complex Structure Deposits, Vestn. ZabGU, 2017, no. 8, pp. 83–90.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WATER INRUSH FROM THE DEEP COAL FLOOR BY MINING ABOVE THE CONFINED AQUIFER
H. T. Yu, S. Y. Zhu, and Y. Chen
Institute of Mine Water Hazards Prevention and Controlling Technology,
School of Resources and Geosciences,
China University of Mining and Technology,
Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116 China
e-mail: yht0012@163.com
e-mail: shyzhuqiao@163.com
e-mail: cy1576164210@163.com
In order to evaluate water inrush risk from the deep coal floor by mining above the confined aquifer in mining area, the structural complexity of the study area was partitioned by fractal dimension method. Moreover, the water inrush coefficient was calculated. Quantization partition was also carried out using the distribution law of the water inrush coefficient contour. It is found that the structural complex area and the water inrush danger zone have good coincidence in parts of study area, which increases the estimating reliability of the water inrush risk. The research results have an important reference value for realizing safe and efficient mining of the second level coal seams.
Deep coal, structural complexity, fractal dimension, water inrush coefficient, quantization partition
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035733
REFERENCES
1. Sun Yajun, Xu Zhimin, Dong Qinghong, Liu Shengdong, Gao Rongbin, and Jiang Yuhai, Forecasting Water Disaster for a Coal Mine under the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, J. of China University of Min. and Tech., 2008, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 516–520.
2. Nguyen, Q.P., Nguyen, V.M., Konietzky, H., Nguyen, Q.L., and Pham, N.A., Numerical Simulation of the Influence of Water Inrush on Underground Coal Mining Stability in Vietnam, Mine Planning and Equipment Selection, Springer International Publishing, 2014.
3. Odintsev, V.N. and Miletenko, N.A., Water Inrush in Mines as a Consequence of Spontaneous Hydro Fracture, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 423–434.
4. Li Bo, Wu Qiang, Duan Xianqian, and Chen Mengyu, Risk Analysis Model of Water Inrush Through the Seam Floor Based on Set Pair Analysis, Mine Water and the Environment, 2018, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 281–287.
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7. Wang Jitang and Wang Xiulan, Discussion on Water Inrush Coefficient Method Applied to Predict Water Inrush Danger of Seam Floor Based on Gaojiata Mine as Example, Coal Science and Technology, 2011, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 106–111.
8. Liu Dewang, The Study on the Water Inrush Risk Assessment of Ordovician Limestone Using Water Inrush Coefficient Method and Its Application in the Huipodi Coal Mine, China Coal, 2016, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 118–120.
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15. Li Renzheng, Wang Qi, Wang Xinyi, Liu Xiaoman, Li Jianlin, and Zhang Yanxin, Relationship Analysis of the Degree of Fault Complexity and the Water Irruption Rate Based on Fractal Theory, Mine Water and the Environment, 2015, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 18–23.
16. Shi Longqing, Li Changsong, Gao Weifu, et al., Characteristics of Fracture Structure in Suncun Mine Field and Analysis of Influence on Water Inrush, Coal Technology, 2015, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 111–113.
17. Hou Haihai, Shao Longyi, Li Yonglong, Li Zhen, Zhang Wenlong, and Wen Huaijun, The Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Shales with Low Thermal Maturity from the Yuqia Coalfield, Northern Qaidam Basin, Northwest China, Frontiers of Earth Science, 2018, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 148–159.
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24. State Administration of Coal Mine Safety, Detailed Rules for Prevention and Control of Water in Coal Mines, Coal Industry Press, Beijing, 2018.
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MINERAL DRESSING
CONDITIONS OF BUBBLING IN ELECTROLYTIC FLOTATION
V. A. Chanturia, N. L. Medyanik, I. V. Shadrunova, O. A. Mishurina, and E. R. Mullina
Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 111020 Russia
e-mail: shadrunova_@mail.ru
Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, 455000 Russia
e-mail: medyanikmagnitka@mail.ru
The results of the experimental studies into formation conditions of gas dispersion during electrolytic flotation are presented. The facing factors of electrolytic bubbling are considered. The influence exerted by the electrolysis process parameters and electrolytic compositions of water solutions on the dispersion state and gas content of electrolysis solutions is analyzed. The effects on the electrical state of the bubbles during electrolysis are studied.
Electrolytic flotation, bubbles, gas, process parameters, recovery
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035745
REFERENCES
1. Dukhin, S.S., Estrela-L’opis, V.R., and Zhalkovsky, E.K., Elektropoverkhnostnye yavleniya i elektrofil’trovanie (Electric Surface Phenomena and Electrofiltration), Kiev: Nauk. Dumka, 1985.
2. Zekel’, R.M., Nedosekin, A.G., Morozov, A.F., and Makarenko, V.K., The Importance of Bubble Size in Electroflotation of Hydrated Tailings of Heavy Metals without Collecting Agents, Fiz.-Khim. Met. Povysh. Effekt. Prots. Pererab. Min. Syr., 1973, pp. 92–96.
3. Nazarova, G.N., Kostina, L.V., and Ponurova, N.V., To the Problem of the Mechanism of the Interaction of Metal-Containing Deposits with Gas Bubbles at Electroflotation, Physicochemical methods of Improving the Efficiency of Processes of Refining Mineral Raw Materials, 1973.
4. Mishurina, O.A., Electric Flotation Extraction of Manganese from Mine Process Water, Nosov’s MSTU Bulletin, 2009, no. 3 (27), pp. 72–74.
5. Melik-Gaikazyan, V.I., Abramov, A.A., Rubinshtein, Yu.B., Emel’yanova, N.P., and Yushina, T.I., Metody issledovaniya flotatsionnogo protsessa (Research Methods of Flotation Process), Moscow: Nedra, 1990.
6. Rogov, V.M., Electrocoagulation-Flotation in Treatment of Waste Water Containing Finely Dispersed Impurities, Synopsis of Cand. Tech. Sci. Thesis, Novocherkassk, 1973.
7. Chanturia, V.A., Shadrunova, I.V., Medyanik, N.L., and Mishurina, O.A., Electric Flotation Extraction of Manganese from Hydromineral Wastes at Yellow Copper Deposits in the South Ural, J. Min. Sci., 2010, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 311–316.
METHOD FOR SELECTING STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF HYDROCARBON FRAGMENT IN MOLECULE OF. A. COLLECTING AGENT
S. A. Kondrat’ev
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: kondr@misd.nsc.ru
Based on the relationship between collectability of flotation agent to flow thickness of its physically attached species desorbed from mineral surface to gas–liquid interface, the backbone of the method for selecting structure and composition of the collecting agent molecule is developed. The method application discloses effects exerted by the structure and composition of hydrocarbon fragment in the collecting agent molecule on the useful component recovery and concentration quality. In terms of the known colleting agents (branched carboxylic acids, N-acyl amino acids and oxyacids, as well as nonsulphide flotation regulating agents—oxyethylated aliphatic alcohols), the reasons of the selections as collecting and regulating agents in flotation of apatite, quarts, hematite and magnetite are shown. Influence of some structural features of hydrocarbon radical on collecting ability of an agent is found, namely, length and arrangement of side chains, distance between carboxylic and amide groups in N-acyl amine acids, number of oxyethyl groups and their arrangement in hydrocarbon g\fragment of alcohols or oxyacid.
Collecting agents in flotation, hydrocarbon radical structure, N-acyl amino acids, oxyethylated aliphatic alcohols
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035757
REFERENCES
1. Zhong, H., Liu, G., Xia, L., Lu, Y., Hu, Y., Zhao, S., and Yu, X., Flotation Separation of Diaspore from Kaolinite, Pyrophyllite and Illite Using Three Cationic Collectors, Min. Eng., 2008, vol. 21, pp. 1055–1061.
2. Quast, K., Flotation of Hematite Using C6–C18 Saturated Fatty Acids, Min. Eng., 2006, no. 19, pp. 582–597.
3. Kondrat’ev, S.A. and Sem’yanova, D.V., Relation between Hydrocarbon Radical Structure and Collecting Abilities of Flotation Agent, J. Min. Sci., 2018, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 1024–1034.
4. Kondrat’ev, S.A., Influence of Hydrocarbon Fragment Structure in Hydroxide and Cationic Agents on Their Collecting Ability, Proc. 14th In. Congr. InterExpo GEO Sibir–2018, Novosibirsk: SGUGiT, 2018, pp. 65–77.
5. Kondrat’ev, S.A., Fizicheskaya forma sorbtsii reagent i ee naznachenie vo flotatsii (Physisorption of Agents and Its Purpose in Flotation), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2018.
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8. Ivanova, V.A., Adsorptive Hydrophobizating Structures on the Surface of Apatite in Its Selective Flotation, Fiz. Khim. Osnovy Pererabotki Mineral. Syr’ya, 1982, pp. 93–98.
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12. Sis, H. and Chander, S., Improving Froth Characteristics and Flotation Recovery of Phosphate Ores with Nonionic Surfactants, Min. Eng., 2003, vol. 16, pp. 587–595.
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16. Omar Abdel-Aziem, M.A. and Abdel-Khalek Nagui, A., Surface and Thermodynamic Parameters of Cationic Surfactants, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1998, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 117–120.
17. Aleinkov, N.A., Zharinova, T.P., Nikishin, G.I., Ogibin, Yu.N., and Petrov, A.D., Flotation Properties opf Oxocarbonic Acids in the Row with Composition , Zh. Prikl. Khim., 1962, no. 5, pp. 1108–1115.
SUBSTANTIATION OF GRAVITY CONCENTRATION TO THE SHALKIYA DEPOSIT LEAD–ZINC ORE
Sh. A. Telkov, I. Yu. Motovilov, M. B. Barmenshinova, N. L. Medyanik, and G. S. Daruesh
Satpaev Kazakh National Research Technical University,
Almaty, 050013 Kazakhstan
Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University,
Magnitogorsk, 455000 Russia
e-mail: chem.@magtu.ru
The research results on gravity concentration of the Shalkiya deposit lead–zinc ore are presented. Using the float-and-sink analysis data, the Henry–Reinhard-type washability curves are calculated and plotted for separation size grade 40–8 mm. The separation density required for recovery of light fraction at minimum possible loss of lead and zinc, as well as the gravity washability indices are determined. It is found that the overhead product of the gravity concentration of coarse ore is tailings containing silicon, calcite and carbon black dioxides. The loss of lead and zinc is minor. Processing of coarse crushed ore should be carried out in heavy medium.
Lead, zinc, float-and-sink analysis, Henry–Reinhard-type washability curves, gravity washability index, light fraction, heavy fraction
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035769
REFERENCES
1. Chanturia, V.A., Scientific Substantiation and Development of Innovative Approaches to Integrated Mineral Processing, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2017, no. 11, pp. 7–13.
2. Konev, A.V., Shul’gina, K.A., and Mironova, Zh.V., The Problems of Non-Ferrous Metals and Gold Processing with Preconcentration, Proc. 5th Int. Congr. Non-Ferrous Metals–2013, Krasnoyarsk: Verso, 2013, pp. 78–82.
3. Grishin, I.A. and Chizhevsky, V.B., The Influence of Hydrocyclone Design Parameters on the Near-Mesh Grain Diameter, Nosov’s MGTU Vestn., 2003, no. 4 (4), pp. 35–37.
4. Konev, A.V., Shul’gina K.A., and Mironova, Zh.V., Competitiveness Improvement of the National Non-Ferrous Metal Industry by Using Preconcentration, Proc. 5th Int. Congr. Non-Ferrous Metals–2013, Krasnoyarsk: Verso, 2013, pp. 675–679.
5. Shtresler, K.A., Mironova, Zh.V., Konev, A.V., and Kiseleva, S.P., The Increase of Investment Potential of Non-Ferrous Metals and Gold Deposits by Pre-Enrichment, Zap. Gorn. Inst., 2013, vol. 205, pp. 280–284.
6. Lazic, P., Vucinic, D., Stanoyjev, I., and Micovic, B., Direct Selective Lead, Copper and Zinc Minerals Flotation from Polymetallic Ore Podvirovi, J. Min. Sci., 2010, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 690–694.
7. Tekhnologichesky reglament na proektirovanie obogatitel’noy fabriki mestorozhdeniya Shalkiya (Process Procedure for the Shalkiya Deposit Concentration Plant Design), Engineering Dobersek GmbH, Germany, Monchengladbach, 2016.
8. Semushkina, L.P., Turysbekov, D.P., Tusupbayev, N.K., Bekturganov, N.S., and Mukhanova, A.A., The Shalkiya Finely Disseminated Lead-Zinc Ore Processing Technology Improvement, Obogashch. Rud, 2015, no. 2, pp. 8–14.
9. Asonchik, K.M. and Zhakselekov, M.M., A Study with a View to Improve the Shalkiya Deposit Ore Processing Flow Sheet and Metallurgical Results, Obogashch. Rud, 2009, no. 3, pp. 5–8.
10. Izbaskhanov, K.S., Zhakselekov, M.M., Niyazov, A.A., Shalgymbaev, S.B., and Lee, E.M., Pilot Test of the Schemes for The Shalkiya Deposit Complex Ore Collective Enrichment, Vestn. KazNTU, 2015, no. 5, pp. 311–320.
11. Leonov, S.B. and Bel’kova, O.N., Issledovanie poleznykh iskoparmykh na obogatimost’ (Research of Mineral Dressability), Moscow: Intermet Engineering, 2001.
12. GOST 4790–80. Metod fraktsionnogo analiza (The Method of Fractional Analysis), Moscow: Nedra, 1988.
13. Navrotsky, E., Grafoanaliticheskie metody otsenki raboty gravitatsionnykh apparatov (Grapho-Analytical Evaluation Methods of Gravity Machines Functioning), Moscow: Nedra, 1980.
14. Raivich, I.D., Gravitatsionnaya obogatimost’ droblenykh rud tsvetnykh metallov i raschet rezul’tatov ikh gravitatsionnogo obogashcheniya (Non-Ferrous Metal Ores Gravity Dressability and Calculation of Gravity Concentration Results), Study Guide, Alma-Ata, 1985.
15. Raivich, I.D., Mineral Gravity Washability Index, Izv. Vuzov Tsvet. Met., 1977, no. 2, pp. 13–17.
FLOW REGIME OF MINERAL SUSPENSIONS WITH PRESERVED STRUCTURE OF FLOCS
A. A. Lavrinenko and G. Yu. Gol’berg
Academician Melnikov Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, 111020 Russia
e-mail: gr_yu_g@mail.ru
The breakage mechanism of flocs in mineral suspensions under shearing is considered. The relationship of limiting dynamic shear stress, diameter of particles and flocculant consumption is determined. It is calculated that for the floc structure to be preserved, it is required that the maximum allowable flow velocity of suspensions in pipelines 0.2–0.6 m in diameter is on average 1.8, 2.6 and 3.9 m/s at flocculant consumptions of 50, 100 and 200 g/t, respectively. The inverse problem on minimum allowable diameters of pipelines is solved. At the suspension flow rates of 100–1000 m3/h and flocculant consumption of 50–200 g/t, these values range from 0.1 to 0.4 m. The increase in the flocculant consumption by 2 times, all other things being equal, conditions reduction in the allowable diameter of pipelines by 20%.
Flocs, flocculants, mineral suspensions, flow regime, nonisotropic turbulence, shear stress, destruction
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035770
REFERENCES
1. Borts, M.A. and Gupalo, Yu.P., Obezvozhivanie khvostov flotatsii ugol’nykh shlamov (Dewatering of Coal-Slurry Flotation Tailings), Ìoscow: Nedra, 1972.
2. Rulev, N.N., Dontsova, T.A., and Nebesnova, T.V., The Pair Binding Energy of Particles and Size Flocs Formed in the Turbulent Flow, Khim. Tekhnol. Vody, 2005, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 21–37.
3. Taylor, M.L., Morris, G.E., Self, P.G., and Smart, R.St.C., Kinetics of Adsorption of High Molecular Weight Anionic Polyacrylamide onto Kaolinite: the Flocculation Process, J. of Colloid and Interface Sci., 2002, vol. 250, no. 1, pp. 28–36.
4. Jarvis, P., Jefferson, B., Gregory, J., and Parsons, S.A., A Review of Floc Strength and Breakage, Water Research, 2005, vol. 39, no. 14, pp. 3121–3137.
5. Liu, S.X. and Glasgow, L.A., Aggregate Disintegration in Turbulent Jets, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 1997, vol. 95, no. 1–4, pp. 257–275.
6. Heller, H. and Keren, R., Anionic Polyacrylamide Polymers Effect on Rheological Behavior of Sodium-Montmorillonite Suspensions, Soil Sci. Society of America J., 2002, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 19–25.
7. Shuxun Cui, Chuanjun Liu, and Xi Zhang, Simple Method to Isolate Single Polymer Chains for the Direct Measurement of the Desorption Force, Nano Letters, 2003, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 245–248.
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9. Wei Sun, Jun Long, Zhenghe Xu, and Jacob H. Masliyah, Study of Al(OH)3-Polyacrylamide-Induced Pelleting Flocculation by Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy, Langmuir, 2008, vol. 24, no. 24, pp. 14015–14021.
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12. Rubinshtein, Yu.B., Yarovaya, O.V., Gol’berg, G.Yu., and Novak, V.I., Basis for Using Polyacrylamide Flocculants in Selective Separation of Coal Slurry, Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved. Gorny Zh., 2011, no. 2, pp. 97–102.
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DRESSING TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EAST SAYAN QUARTZITES
A. I. Nepomnyashchikh, A. P. Zhaboedov, M. G. Volkova, A. M. Fedorov, and V. N. Yashin
Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Irkutsk, 664033 Russia
e-mail: ainep@igc.irk.ru
Baikal Finance and Production Company,
Ulan-Ude, 670000 Russia
The research results are presented for dressability of quartzites from the Garga quartzite region of the East Sayan. From the detailed analysis of the structure, texture, mineral and fluid inclusions in the chemical constitution, bright veined quartzites and coaly veined quartzites were distinguished in the Urda-Gargan block. Both kinds are readily dressed up quartz concentrates of deep concentration. The fist quartzite kind can be used in manufacturing of transparent optical quartz glass, whereas the second variety is a promising feedstock for carbothermal production of silicon.
Quarts, mineral impurities, fluid inclusions, quartz concentrate, quartz glass
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035782
REFERENCES
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2. Serykh, N.M. and Frolov, A.A., From the History of the Development of Sectoral Work on Piezooptical, Quartz, and Semiprecious Stone Raw Materials, Razved. Okhr. Nedr, 2007, no. 10, pp. 2–9.
3. Sokolov, I.V., Smirnov, A.A., Antipin, Yu.G., Baranovsky, K.V., and Rozhkov, A.A., Resource-Saving Technology for Underground Mining of High-Value Quartz in Kyshtym, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1191–1202.
4. Sokolov, I.V., Smirnov, A.A., Antipin, Yu.G., Baranovsky, K.V., and Rozhkov, A.A., Optimal Combination Technology for High-Grade Quartz Production Based on Modeling, J. Min. Sci., 2016, vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 1159–1167.
5. Vorob’ev, E.I., Spiridonov, A.M., Nepomnyashchikh, A.I., and Kuz’min, M.I., Superpure Quartzites of the Eastern Sayan (Buryat Republic, Russia), Dokl. Akad. Nauk., 2003, vol. 390, no. 2, pp. 219–223
6. Nepomnyashchikh, A.I., Demina, T.V., Zhaboedov, A.P., Eliseev, I.A., Lesnikov, P.A., Lesnikov, A.K., Paklin, A.S., Romanov, V.S., Sapozhnikov, A.N., Sokol’nikova, Yu.V., Fedorov, A.M., Shalaev, A.A., and Shendrik, R.Yu., Optical Silica Glass Based on Superquartzites from the Eastern Sayan Mountains, Glass Physics and Chemistry, 2017, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 222–226.
7. Nepomnyashchikh, A.I., Volkova, M.G., Zhaboedov, A.P., and Fedorov, A.M., Quartz Concentrates Based on Compact Quartzites, Inorganic Materials, 2018, vol. 54, no. 8, pp. 805–808.
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REAGENT DOSAGE CONTROL FOR THE ANTIMONY FLOTATION PROCESS BASED ON FROTH SIZE PDF TRACKING AND AN INDEX PREDICTIVE MODEL
Bin-fang Cao, Yong-fang Xie, Chun-hua Yang, Wei-hua Gui, and Jian-qi Li
School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University,
Changsha, 410083 China
e-mail: xieyongfang2013@163.com
College of Physics and Electronics Science, Hunan University of Arts and Sciences,
Hunan 415000 China
A reagent dosage hybrid control strategy for the antimony flotation process is proposed in this work. This strategy consists of two parts: reagent dosage tracking control based on a froth size probability density function (PDF) and reagent dosage compensation control based on a distributed-machine vision predictive model. The proposed method was tested on a gold–antimony flotation process, and it improved tailings qualification rate, and reduced the tailings standard deviation. This method also efficiently accounts for the influence of disturbances on the flotation system and improves the stability and effectiveness of the flotation system.
Froth flotation, dosage control, bubble size, probability density function, fuzzy control
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035794
REFERENCES
1. Bergh, L.G. and Yianatos, J.B., The Long Way Toward Multivariate Predictive Control of Flotation Processes, J. of Process Control, 2011, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 226–234.
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3. Supomo, A., Yap, E., Zheng, X., and Banini, G., PT Freeport Indonesia’s Mass-Pull Control Strategy for Rougher Flotation, Min. Eng., 2008, vol. 21, no. 12–14, pp. 808–816.
4. Hodouin, D., Jamsa-Jounela, S.L., Carvalho, M.T., and Bergh, L., State of the Art and Challenges in Mineral Processing Control, Control Eng. Practice, 2001, vol. 9, no. 9, pp. 995–1005.
5. Kampjarvi, P. and Jamsa-Jounela, S.L., Level Control Strategies for Flotation Cells, Min. Eng., 2003, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 1061–1068.
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9. Kaartinen, J., Hatonen, J., Hyotyniemi, H., and Miettunen, J., Machine-Vision-Based Control of Zinc Flotation—A Case Study, Control Eng. Practice, 2006, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 1455–1466.
10. Liu, J.J., MacGregor, J.F., Duchesne, C., and Bartolacci, G., Flotation Froth Monitoring Using Multiresolutional Multivariate Image Analysis, Min. Eng., 2005, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 65–76.
11. Laurila, H., Karesvuori, J., and Tiili, O., Strategies for Instrumentation and Control of Flotation Circuits, Mineral Processing Plant Design, Practice and Control, 2002, vol. 2, pp. 2174–2195.
12. Xu, C., Gui, W., Yang, C., Zhu, H., Lin, Y., and Shi, C., Flotation Process Fault Detection Using Output PDF of Bubble Size Distribution, Min. Eng., 2012, vol. 26, pp. 5–12.
13. Zhu, J., Gui, W., Yang, C., Liu, J., and Tang, Y., Probability Density Function of Bubble Size Based Reagent Dosage Control for Flotation Process, Asian J. of Control, 2014, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 765–777.
14. Wang, H., Bounded Dynamic Stochastic Systems: Modeling and Control, Springer, 2000.
15. Mohammad Saberali, S., Amindavar, H., and Ritcey, J.A., Blind Detection in Symmetric Non-Gaussian Noise with Unknown PDF Using Maximum Entropy Method with Moment Generating Function Constraints, Signal Processing, 2010, vol. 90, no. 3, pp. 891–899.
16. Cao, B., Xie, Y., Gui, W., Wei, L., and Yang, C., Integrated Prediction Model of Bauxite Concentrate Grade Based on Distributed Machine Vision, Min. Eng., 2013, vol. 53, pp. 31–38.
17. Zhou, K.J., Yang, C.H., Gui, W.H., and Xu, C.H., Clustering-Driven Watershed Adaptive Segmentation of Bubble Image, J. of Central South University of Technology, 2010, vol. 17, no 5, pp. 1049–1057.
18. Wang, H., Minimum Entropy Control of Non-Gaussian Dynamic Stochastic Systems, IEEE Tran. Automatic Control, 2002, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 398–403.
19. Lu, X., Tang, K., Sendhoff, B., and Yao, X., A New Self-Adaptation Scheme for Differential Evolution, Neurocomputing, 2014, vol. 146, pp. 2–16.
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21. Yi-Zhang, J., Zhao-Hong, D., and Shi-Tong, W., Mamdani-Larsen Type Transfer Learning Fuzzy System, Acta Automatica Sinica, 2012, vol. 38, no. 9, pp. 1393–1409.
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ADSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF STARCH DIGESTED WITH ALKALI ON FINE HEMATITE PARTICLES
Min Tang and Shuming Wen
Department of Mineral Processing, Kunming University of Science and Technology,
Yunnan, 650093 China
e-mail: tang0543@gmail.com
In this paper, the influence of alkali on the flocculation of starch on fine hematite was investigated through a series of tests, like turbidities, paste titration, adsorption, conductance, scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurement, and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopic analysis (FTIR) as well. The results pointed out that alkali concentration has a strong influence on physicochemical changes of starch granules, inducing different adsorption densities on mineral surfaces. A maximum amount of adsorption density on mineral particles was harvested for the starch digested with sodium hydroxide at a concentration of 0.4 N/g starch. It is worthy to note that starch is not fully digested in the presence of alkali at a concentration of less than 0.4 N/g starch. Higher concentration of hydroxide ions, however, tends to obtain less adsorption density of starch on hematite because too small remnants in the starch gel have inverse effects on adsorption capacity.
Alkali, digestion, starch, flocculation; fine hematite
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035806
REFERENCES
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13. Kar, B., Sahooh, H., Rath, S.S., and Das, B., Investigations on Different Starches as Depressants for Iron Ore Flotation, Miner. Eng., 2013, vol. 49, pp. 1–6.
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MINE AEROGASDYNAMICS
SUBSTANTIATION OF LIFE EXTENSION METHOD FOR TWO-STAGE AXIAL FLOW FANS FOR MAIN VENTILATION
A. M. Krasyuk, I. V. Lugin, P. V. Kosykh, and E. Yu. Russky
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: krasuk@cn.ru
The article substantiates the retrofit method for two-stage axial flow fans including an impeller and a flow straightener in each stage. In this method, the two-stage rotor is replaced by a high-rate one-stage rotor within the inlet guide vanes–impeller–flow straightener circuit. As a result, the air flow at the impeller input is uniform per standard, the operational life of the rotor bearing assembly is extended while the rotor mass is largely reduced. The procedure is developed for design and selection of aerodynamic and structural parameters of the remodel axial mine fans. The procedure takes into account the influence of the variable frequency drive and gyroscopic moment of the impeller, as well as the rigidity of the bearing assemblies and ratio of mass-inertia properties of the rotor, which allows determination of critical rotor speeds at early stage of design.
Fan, impeller, ventilation passage, gyroscopic moment, air flow structure, aerodynamic and structural parameters, bearing assembly rigidity, critical rotor speed, bending vibrations
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035818
REFERENCES
1. Klimov, A.A., Efficiency Assessment of Mine Ventilation Systems in the Moscow Basin, Synopsis of Cand. Tech. Sci. Thesis, Tula: TulGU, 2000.
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MINING THERMOPHYSICS
EXPERIMENTAL RANGE TEST OF FLAME SPREAD IN DUST–AIR MIXTURES
A. A. Sechin, Yu. F. Patrakov, and A. I. Sechin
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University,
Tomsk, 634050 Russia
e-mail: auct-68@yandex.ru
Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Kemerovo, 650065 Russia
e-mail: yupat@icc.kemsc.ru
The experimental procedure is presented for range test of critical flame spread in the conditions of uniform distribution of particles in dust cloud under varied temperature of the ignition initiation source. Fire and explosion hazard of coal dust is estimated by the method of successive approximations. The feasibility of studying the cold flame effect in inflammation of coal dust suspension in air and its transition to the hot mode burning when dust concentration grows is demonstrated, which is of importance for the theory of safety technology.
Coal dust, fire/explosion hazard characteristics, experimental plant
DOI: 10.1134/S106273911903582X
REFERENCES
1. Romanchenko, S.B., Rudenko, Yu.F., and Kosterenko, V.N., Pylevaya dinamika v ugol’nykh shakhtakh (Dusting Dynamics in Coal Mines), Moscow; Gornoe delo, 2011.
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3. Arkhipov, V.A., Paleev, D.Yu., Patrakov, Yu.F., and Usanina, A.S., Coal Dust Wettability Estimation, J. Min. sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 587–594.
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8. Kumykov, V.Kh. and Kumykova, T.M., Ecological Risk Management in Coal Mining and Processing, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 930–936.
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13. Barnard, J.A. and Harwood, Â.A., Slow Combustion and Slow-Flame Behavior of Iso-Octane, Combust. and Flame, 1973, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 354–356.
14. Zel’dovich, Ya.B., Barenblatt, G.I., Librovich, V.B., and Makhviladze, G.M., Matematicheskaya teoriya goreniya i vzryva (Mathematical Theory of Burning and Explosion), Moscow: Nauka, 1980.
15. Airuni, A.T., Klebanov, F.S., and Smirnov, O.V., Vzryvoopasnost’ ugol’nykh shakht (Explosion Hazard in Coal Mines), Moscow: Gornoe delo, 2011.
COAL DUST BLAST ISOLATION BY VORTEX INERTIAL HYDROCOAGULATION
V. N. Makarov, N. V. Makarov, A. V. Ugol’nikov, E. P. Afanasenko, and M. B. Nosyrev
Ural State Mining University,
Yekaterinburg, 620075 Russia
e-mail: mnikolay84@mail.ru
The mathematical model of hydro vortex inertial kinematic coagulation is proposed; the model largely improves energy efficiency of coal dust blast isolation. The graphical model of interaction between liquid drop and explosive aerosol particle at the contact zone at the moment of collision in the liquid–solid system is refined using the theory of added vortexes. The hypothesis on weakening of the wedge effect of a gas medium in the zone of contact between the explosive aerosol particle owing to an added vortex caused by the drop and particle rotation, is put forward and proved. The equations are obtained for calculating energy required for total absorption of explosive aerosol particles, minimum diameter of the particles and wetting angle in hydro vortex inertial coagulation.
Ecotechnology, dust contorl, coagulation, hydrophobicity, circulation, wetting angle, adhesion, absorption energy, added vortex
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035831
REFERENCES
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10. Bautin, S.P, Krutova, I.Yu., and Obukhov, A.G., Mathematical justification of the effect of the rotation of the earth on tornadoes and tropical cyclones, Bul. of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 2017, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 101–107.
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NEW METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS IN MINING
IMPLEMENTATION AND VERIFICATION OF. A. WI-FI AD HOC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN AN UNDERGROUND MINE ENVIRONMENT
H. Ikeda, Y. Kawamura, Z. P. L. Tungol, M. A. Moridi, and H. Jang
Akita University,
Akita, 010–8502 Japan
e-mail: ha2ikeda@gmail.com
Curtin University, Kalgoorlie, 6430 WA, Australia
Wireless sensor networks WI-Fi ad hoc have been proposed information transmission between data loggers and mobile station (smartphones). The wireless data transmission follows from an underground station to a worker’s smartphone and, then, after the worker has left the mine, to a data logger on the surface. The serviceability of this system was tested by measurement of communication quality indexes in various environments. The tests show that wireless communication between a stationary point and a mobile devise is possible at transfer speeds up to 2 MB/s with a packet error rate (PER) below 25% either at a maximum distance of 110 m in a straight path or at a distance of 20 m in case of a corner or turn of the path. The proposed system allows the transmission of 39.6–79.2 MB of monitoring data to a worker moving at 20 km/h.
Communication system, Wi-Fi ad hoc, wireless sensor networks, mine, monitoring
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739119035843
REFERENCES
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