JMS, Vol. 54, No. 6, 2018

GEOMECHANICS

EFFECT OF THERMAL MEMORY IN ACOUSTIC EMISSION IN FOSSIL COAL AFTER PRE-DISINTEGRATION BY CRYOGENIC TREATMENT
E. A. Novikov, V. L. Shkuratnik, and M. G. Zaitsev

National University of Science and Technology, Moscow, 119049 Russia
e-mail: e.novikov@misis.ru

Acoustic emission response of fossil coals being at different stages of metamorphism to cyclic variation of effective thermal stresses is experimentally investigated. The equipment and procedure used in the experiments are described. The features of the response are revealed and analyzed in the samples of anthracite, lignite and bituminous coal with different damage extent governed by the preliminary cyclic freezing and thawing, as well as by water saturation. It is shown that the signature of such features is a thermal analog of the Felicity effect which appears in each cycle of temperature action. The regularities of this effect are found, and their physical explanation is given based on the analysis of defect formation in coals at different stages of thermal treatment. The methodical approaches are proposed and substantiated, which allow structural damage, thermal resistance, oxidation and proneness to frost weathering of coal to be estimated by the Felicity effect in the acoustic emission response of coal to cyclic thermal forces. Possibility of using the found features to predict structural changes in coal products which are in long-term storage under specific climatic conditions, as well as for forecasting risk of self-heating and spontaneous combustion of coal products is discussed.

Thermally stimulated acoustic emission, anthracite, bituminous coal and lignite, cryogenic treatment, memory effects in acoustic emission, Felicity effect, structure, properties

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065023 

REFERENCES
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3. Kong, X., Wang, E., He, X., Li, D., and Liu, Q. Time-Varying Multifractal of Acoustic Emission about Coal Samples Subjected to Uniaxial Compression, Chaos, Solitons, Fractals, 2017, vol. 103, pp. 571–577.
4. Filimonov, Yu.L., Lavrov, A.V., and Shkuratnik ,V.L., Effect of Confining Stress on Acoustic Emission in Ductile Rock, Strain, 2005, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 33–35.
5. Novikov, E.A., Oshkin, R.O., Shkuratnik, V.L., Epshtein, S.A., and Dobryakova, N.N., Application of Thermally Stimulated Acoustic Emission Method to Assess the Thermal Resistance and Related Properties Of Coals, Int. J. Min. Sci. Tech., 2018, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 243–249.
6. Shkuratnik, V.L. and Novikov, V.A., Thermally Stimulated Acoustic Emission of Rocks as a Promising Tool of Geocontrol, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2017, no. 6, pp. 21–27.
7. Lavrov, A.V., The Kaiser Effect in Rocks: Principles and Stress Estimation Techniques, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 2003, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 151–171.
8. Zhang, M., Meng, Q., Liu, S., Qian, D., and Zhang, N., Impacts of Cyclic Loading and Unloading Rates on Acoustic Emission Evolution and Felicity Effect of Instable Rock Mass, Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, Article ID 8365396.
9. Liang, Y., Li, Q., Gu, Y., and Zou, Q., Mechanical and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Rock: Effect of Loading and Unloading Confining Pressure at the Postpeak Stage, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng., 2017, vol. 44, pp. 54–64.
10. Zhang, R., Dai, F., Gao, M.Z., Xu, N.W., and Zhang, C.P., Fractal Analysis of Acoustic Emission During Uniaxial and Triaxial Loading of Rock, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 79, pp. 241–249.
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13. Kossovich, E., Epshtein, S., Dobryakova, N., Minin, M., and Gavrilova, D., Mechanical Properties of Thin Films of Coals by Nanoindentation, Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Earth and Environment Processes, 2017, pp. 45–50.
14. Ge, Z. and Sun, Q., Acoustic Emission (AE) Characteristics of Granite after Heating and Cooling Cycles, Eng. Fract. Mech., 2018, vol. 200, pp. 418–429.
15. Kurlenya, M.V. and Skritsky, V.A., Methane Explosions and Causes of their Origin in Highly Productive Sections of Coal Mines, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 861–867.

DEFORMATION OF PONDERABLE ROCK MASS IN THE VICINITY OF. A. FINITE STRAIGHT-LINE CRACK
M. V. Kurlenya and V. E. Mirenkov

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: mirenkov@misd.ru

Deformation of rock mass with crack is considered in the context of failure control. The classical analytical solutions obtained for imponderable rock mass with crack give infinite values of stresses at tips, which disagrees with the reality. The phenomenological theory is proposed for calculating total displacements in the vicinity of a crack based on the qualitative differences in the weight actions: tension takes place above the crack while compression arises under it. The dimensionless parameter characterizing ratio of the upper edge displacements of the crack to its lower edge displacements is substantiated for description of the rock mass behavior.

Crack, deformation, analytical solution, theory, rock, weight, inverse problems

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065035 

REFERENCES
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3. Gol’dshtein, R.V. and Osipenko, N.M., Influence of the Longitudinal Shear Crack Tip Radius on the Featuring Structure, Mechanics of Solids, 2018, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 12–22.
4. Popov, V.G., Two Cracks Emerging from a Single Point under the Influence of a Longitudinal Shear Wave, Mechanics of Solids, 2018, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 195–202.
5. Shen, H. and Abbas, S.M., Rock Slope Reliability Analysis Based on Distinct Element Method and Random Set Theory, Int. J. of Rock Mech. and Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 61, pp. 15–22.
6. Vazhbakht, B. and Zsaki, A.M., A Finite Element Mesh Optimization Method Incorporating Geologic Features for Stress Analysis of Underground Excavations, Int. J. of Rock Mech. and Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 59, pp. 111–119.
7. Mirenkov, V.E., Ill-Posed Problems of Geomechanics, J. Min. Sci., 2018, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 361–367.
8. Kurlenya, M.V. and Mirenkov, V.E., Phenomenological Model of Rock Deformation around Mine Workings, J. Min. Sci., 2018, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 181–186.

GEOMECHANICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF TECHNOLOGY PARAMETERS FOR COAL MINING IN INTERACTION ZONE OF LONGWALL FACE AND GATE ROADWAY
V. M. Seryakov, S. V. Rib, V. V. Basov, and V. N. Fryanov

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: vser@misd.ru
Siberian State Industrial University, Novokuznetsk, 654007 Russia
e-mail: seregarib@yandex.ru
e-mail: fryanov@sibsiu.ru

The results of numerical modeling aimed to evaluate geomechanical behavior of rocks in the vicinity of a fully mechanized longwall face and a gate roadway during gradual narrowing of a coal pillar between them are presented. The variants of longwall face passing of diagonal cut-through are discussed for coal seams of complex structure and various thickness. The regularities of redistribution of stresses, strains, and residual strengths of coal and rocks under variation in coal seam thickness, pillar width and location of dirt bed are determined. The recommendations on the technology for mining coal pillars as their width is decreased and for stability of gate roadways are substantiated to ensure trouble-free operation of fully mechanized longwall faces.

Longwall face, coal mines, powered roof support, stresses, displacements, roadway, rock mass, residual strength, gate roadway, dirt bed

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065047 

REFERENCES
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3. Lazarevich, T.I., Blasenko, Yu.N., and Rogova, T.B., Novokuznetsk: SibGIU, 2013, pp. 242–248.
4. Fryanov, V.N. and Pavlova, L.D., Sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya bezopasnoi tekhnologii podzemnoi ugledobychi (Safe Underground Coal Mining: Current Condition and Prospects), Novosibirsk: SO RAN, 2009.
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7. Syd S. Peng, Longwall Mining, West Virginia University, 2006.
8. Shaklein, S.V. and Pisarenko, M.V., Concept of Mineral and Raw Material Base Development in the Kuznetsk Coal Basin, J. Min. Sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 527–532.
9. Kurlenya, M.V., Seryakov, V.M., and Eremenko, A.A., Tekhnogennye geomekhanicheskie polya napryazhenii (Induced Geomechanical Stres Fields), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2005.
10. Seryakov, V.M., Rib, S.V., and Fryanov, V.N., Stress State of a Coal Pillar in Fully Mechanized Longwall Mining in Dislocation Zone, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1001–1008.
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13. Zlatitskaya, Yu.A. and Fryanov, V.N., Geomekhanicheskoe obosnovanie parametrov opasnykh zon i tekhnologii uprochneniya porod v okrestnosti podzemnykh gornykh vyrabotok (Geomechanical Validation of Parameters for Hazardous Zones and Technologies of Reinforcement in Rock Mass around Underground Exacavations), Novokuznetsk: SibGIU, 2006.
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15. Shtumpf, G.G., Ryzhkov, Yu.A., and Shalamanov, V. A. Fiziko-tekhnicheskie svoistva gornykh porod i uglei Kuznetskogo basseina (Physicotechnical Properties of Rocks and Coals in the Kuznetsk Basin), Moscow: Nedra, 1994.
16. Il’nitskaya, E.I., Teder, R.I., Vatolin, E.S,., and Kuntysh, M.F., Svoistva gornykh porod i metody ikh opredeleniya (Properties of Rocks and Methods for Determination), Moscow: Nedra, 1969.

TWO CHARACTERISTIC FUNCTIONS OF SULPHIDE ORE BEHAVIOR UNDER BIAXIAL COMPRESSION
A. I. Chanyshev and I. M. Abdulin

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: a.i.chanyshev@gmail.com
Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, 630099 Russia

Two curves are plotted for the behavior of sulphide ore using a tensor basis. The directions of universality of these functions, i.e. independence of stress type, are determined in the tensor space. The curves are used in description of rock dilatancy and different resistances to compression and tension.

Mathematical models of deformation, rock failure, eigen tensor basis, experimental data, sulphide ore

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065059 

REFERENCES
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WATER SATURATION INFLUENCES ON ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SELECTED SEDIMENTARY ROCKS OF PAKISTAN
Y. Majeed and M. Z. Abu Bakar

Mining Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54890 Pakistan
e-mail: yasirbinmajeed@gmail.com
Geological Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

This study is focused on the evaluation of water saturation influence on the mechanical and physical properties of 34 sedimentary rock units selected from different geological formations in Pakistan. The laboratory testing program comprised the determination of physico-mechanical rock properties of both air-dry as well as fully water saturated rock specimens. Further thin section analyses of all rock samples were also performed to explain their petrography. According to the statistical analyses overall reductions of around 40 and 50% were found in UCSsat and BTSsat values, respectively, measured on saturated rock samples in comparison to their corresponding dry strength values, i.e. UCSdry and BTSdry. Linear correlations were found between ultrasonic wave velocities as well as density of both dry and saturated rock samples. In addition, the dry and saturated UCS values were exponentially related with the rock porosity. Multiple regression technique was also utilized to develop a predictive linear model of UCSsat with geotechnical rock properties in the dry condition and petrographical characteristics of rock samples. Finally the validity of multiple regression model developed in this study and an existing correlation for the conversion of UCSdry into UCSsat was statistically assessed.

Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), Brazilian tensile strength (BTS), rock density, rock porosity, pore space volume, water saturation, correlation

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065060 

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COMBINED EFFECT OF LOADING RATE AND WATER CONTENT ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF NATURAL STONES
E. Özdemir and D. Eren Sarici

Inonu University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Mining Engineering, Malatya, 44280 Turkey
e-mail: didem.sarici@inonu.edu.tr

Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is considered to be the most widely used mechanical property to detect and classify rocks. However, tests are generally performed under dry conditions and standard loading rates. On the other hand, in the land environment neither the saturation degree of rocks is zero nor the loading rate is constant. In this study, three different sedimentary rocks in the Eastern Anatolia Region (Turkey) were used for determination of the effects of saturation degree on mechanical properties and combined effects of saturation degree and loading rates on UCS. For this purpose, point load strength, Schmidt and Shore hardness, ultrasonic wave velocity, and Brazilian tensile strength tests were carried out on oven-dried, 35, 70, 100% saturated specimens, and UCS tests were carried out in 0, 35, 70 and 100% saturation degrees and 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 kN/s loading rates. Test results showed that increasing water content led to decreasing mechanical properties up to 40–50%, respectively, from dry to saturated conditions. Water absorption had an important effect on Brazilian and point load strength. Internal pressure caused by water effected tensile stress more. It was seen that saturation and loading rate increased with the UCS-increasing saturation rate and caused a buffer effect in low porosity rocks.

Rock, uniaxial compressive strength, loading rate, saturation degree

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065072 

REFERENCES
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A METHOD FOR SELECTING SIMILAR MATERIALS FOR ROCKS IN SCALED PHYSICAL MODELING TESTS
X. M. Shi, B. G. Liu, Y. Y. Xiang, and Y. Qi

State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
e-mail: snsxm66@gmail.com
School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044 China

Based on the test results and the regression equations, a method for selecting appropriate similar materials to simulate rocks was proposed. A Python script for implementation was developed. A calculation example was given to illustrate the effectiveness and expediency of this method.

Physical modeling test, rock, similar material, orthogonal test, regression analysis

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065084 

REFERENCES
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13. Chen, S., Wang, H., Zhang, J., et al., Experimental Study on Low-Strength Similar-Material Proportioning and Properties for Coal Mining, Advances in Materials Science and Eng., 2015, no. 3, pp. 1–6.
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15. Shi, X.M., Liu, B.G., and Xiao, J., A Method for Determining the Ratio of Similar Materials with Cement and Plaster as Bonding Agents, Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2015, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1357–1362.
16. Shi, X.M., Liu, B.G., and Qi, Y., Applicability of Similar Materials Bonded by Cement and Plaster in Solid–Liquid Coupling Tests, Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2015, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 2624–2638.

SCIENCE OF MINING MACHINES

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGNING AIR-DRIVEN HAMMER WITH DECOUPLED PISTON FOR DRIVING RODS IN SOIL
I. V. Tishchenko and V. V. Chervov

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: chervov@misd.ru

Improvability of air-driven pulse-generating mechanisms for operation in mineral mining and construction is discussed. An impact system with two mobile masses incorporated in a common housing is proposed for vibro-percussive driving of structural iron into elastoplastic soil. Experimental prototype of the air hammer with decoupled piston based on the air distribution circuit with elastic valve in the back stroke chamber of the piston is described. The test data of operation cycle of the piston in case of different variants of settings are presented. The possibility to exert influence on the nature and frequency of impacts is demonstrated.

Air-driven hammer, impulse function, multi-mass hammering mechanism, decoupled piston, elastic valve, impact pulse amplitude, impact frequency

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065096 

REFERENCES
1. Poderni, R.Yu. Gornye mashiny i kompleksy dlya otkrytykh rabot (Machines and Systems for Open Pit Mining), Moscow: MGGU, 2001.
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4. Kershenbaum, N.Ya. and Minaev, V.I., Prokladak gorizontal’nykh i vertikal’nykh skvazhin udarnym sposobom (Horizontal and Vertical Hole-Making by Impact), Moscow: Nedra, 1984.
5. Kyun, G., Shoible, L., and Shlik, Kh., Zakrytaya prokladka neprokhodnykh truboprovodov (Underground No-Go Pipeline Laying), Moscow: Stroiizdat, 1983.
6. Kostylev, A.D., Grigorashchenko, V.A., Kozlov, V.A., Gileta, V.P., and Reifisov, Yu.B., Pnevmoproboiniki v stroitel’nom proizvodstve (Pneumatic Rock Drills in Construction), Novosibirsk: Nauka. 1987.
7. Alimov, O.D., Manzhosov, V.K., and Erem’yants, V.E., Udar. Rasprostraneni voln deformatsii v udarnykh sistemakh (Percussion. Propagation of Deformation Waves in Percussive Systems), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1987.
8. Zhukov, I.A., Force–Penetration Relation in Rocks as an Input Parameter for Synthesis of Percussion-Action Machines, J. of Advanced Research in Natural Science, 2018, no. 4, pp. 42–48.
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10. Zhukov, I.A., Theoretical Framework for Synthesizing Shapes of Pistons in Percussive Technological Machines, Izv. TPU, 2009, no. 2, pp. 173–177.
11. Zhukov, I.A., Improvement of Impact Fracture Efficiency by Selection of Bits as Composition of Materials, Vestn. KuzGTU, 2014, no. 3, pp. 3–5.
12. Nagaoev, R.F., Yungmeister, D.A., Sud’enkov, Yu.V., Gorshkov, L.K., Pivnev, V.A., and Svinin, V.S., Scientific discovery no. A-415, Byull. Izobret., 2007. Diploma no. 332.
13. Nagaev, R.F., Pivnev, V.A., Pashkin, L.N., and Yungmeister, D.A., Comparison of Impulses Transferred to Rocks during Fracturing for Single and Twin Pistons, Machines and Mechanisms of Percussion, Periodic and Vibration Action: The 2nd Int. Symp. Proc., Orel: OrelGTU, 2003, pp. 131–133.
14. Yungmeister, D.A., Sud’enkov, Yu.V., Pivnev, V.A., Pyagai, A.K., and Burak, A.Ya., Studies into Piston–Bit–Rock-Breaking Tool Percussion System to Expand Application Range of Flutter Effect, GIAB, 2011, no. 8, pp. 288–294.
15. Yungmeister, D.A., Pivnev, V.A., and Sud’enkov, Yu.V., Experimental Studies of Pneumatic Hammer Drills (Percussion Systems) with Two-Mass Hammering Piston, Gidravlika Pnevmatika, 2004, no. 13–14, pp. 17–20.
16. Vovchenko, N.V., Zimin, B.A., Sud’enkov, Yu.V., and Yungmeister, D.A., Experimental Research and Numerical Modeling of Shock–Wave Processes in Central Concussion of Three Rods of Different Mass, Vestn. SPbGU, 2011, series 1, issue 3, pp. 93–100.
17. Lyaptsev, S.A. and Stepanova, N.R., Parameters of Multi-Mass Impact Mechanism for Rock Breaking, Fundament. Issled., 2014, no. 12–8, pp. 1649–1651.
18. Petreev, A.M. and Smolentsev, A.S., Blow Energy Transmission from a Striking Machine Element to a Pipe via Adaptor, J. Min. Sci., 2011, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 787–797.
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21. Serdechnyi, A.S., Controlling Amplitude and Duration of Impact Impulse, Synopses of Dr. Tech. Sci. Theses, Novosibirsk, 1997.
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23. Danilov, B.B. and Smolyanitsky, B.N., Methods to Gain Better Efficiency of Driving Steel Pipes into the Ground by the Pneumatic Hammers, J. Min. Sci., 2005, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 566–572.
24. Lazutkin, S.L. and Lazutkina, N.A., Analysis of Static-and-Dynamic Process of Hole-Making, Mashinostroen. Bezop. Zhiznedeyat., 2013, no. 4, pp. 67–71.
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MODELING IMPACT ENERGY TRANSFER THROUGH CLOSED CHAMBER FILLED WITH FLUID
V. E. Erem’yants, B. S. Sultanaliev, and Nazira kyzy Melis

Institute of Machinery Science, Kyrgyz Academy of Sciences, Bishkek, 720055 Kyrgyz Republic
e-mail: eremjants@inbox.ru

Different models of a hammering system with impact energy transfer in a closed chamber filled with fluid are analyzed. It is proved that the piston and the tool in the model can be represented by solid nondeformable bodies while the fluid-filled chamber by an inertialess elastic element. Based on the analyses, the forces in the fluid-filled chamber and at the tool-and-rock contact, as well as the impact energy transfer ratio are related with the chamber parameters and the rock–tool contact stiffness. The algorithm is proposed to calculate such system dynamics with regard to fluid leaks, variable viscosity and bulk modulus of elasticity.

Hammer, piston, chamber with fluid, tool, impact, pressure, bulk modulus of elasticity, leaks, calculation algorithm

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065108 

REFERENCES
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4. Erem’yants, V.E. and Slepnev, A.A., Strain Waves in Colliding Bars Having Nonparallel Faces, J. Min. Sci., 2006, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 587–591.
5. Serdechnyi, A.S., Petrov, A.N., and Loginov, V.N., Design of a Shock System Permitting a Change in the Shock Impulse Shape and Reduction of the Axial Shock Load, J. Min. Sci., 1983, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 142–145.
6. Serdechnyi, A.S., Regularities of Fluid Pressure Transfer under Impact, Gornyi Zhurnal, 1988, no. 9, pp. 66–68.
7. Uraimov, M., Sultanaliev, B.S., and Dyikanbaev, A., Hydraulic Hammer with Transformable Impact Impulse, Teoriya mashin i rabochikh protsessov: sb. tr. (Theory of Machines and Working Processes: Collected Papers), Bishkek: Inst. Mashinoved. NAN KR, 2013, pp. 178–181.
8. Erem’yants, V.E. and Melis kyzy Nazira, Selecting Model for Concussion of Rods through a Closed Volume of Fluid, J. of Advanced Research in Technical Science, North Charleston, USA, SRSMS, Create Space, 2017, issue 6, pp. 11–16.
9. Alimov, O.D., Manzhosov, V.K., and Erem’yants, V.E., Udar. Rasprostranenie voln deformatsii v udarnykh sistemakh (Impact. Propagation of Strain Waves in Percussion Systems), Moscow: Nauka, 1985.
10. Surikov, V.V., Mekhanika razrusheniya merzlykh gruntov (Mechanics of Frozen Soil Destruction), Leningrad: Stroiizdat, 1978.
11. Lobanov, D.P., Gorovits, V.B., Fonbershtein, E.G., Shenderov, V.I., and Ekomasov, S.P., Mashiny udarnogo deistviya dlya razrusheniya gornykh porod (Impact Machines for Breaking Rocks), Moscow: Nedra, 1983.
12. Vasil’chenko, V.A., Gidravlicheskoe oborudovanie mobil’nykh mashin: spravochnik (Hydraulic Equipment of Mobile Machines: Reference Book), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1983.
13. Melis kyzy Nazira, Effect of Temperature and Pressure of Working Fluid on Stiffness Coefficient of Closed Fluid-Filled Chamber, Mashinoved. Imash NAN KR, 2017, issue 2(6), pp. 77–81.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PICK LAYOUTS ON BOLTER MINER CUTTING HEAD
Shuo Qiao

College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, China
e-mail: 153801001@csu.edu.cn

A bolter miner is a mining machinery of coal–rock cutting. In order to study the best pick layout of bolter miner cutting head, three kinds of pick layouts were designed. The performance evaluation of cutting head under the condition of different rotational speeds and pick layouts was intensively studied by simulations and experiments. And the reality of the simulation is verified by cutting experiments. The aim of this research is to provide theoretical guidance for the design of bolter miner cutting head.

Pick layout, bolter miner, FEM, coal–rock cutting, load fluctuation

DOI: 10.1134/S106273911806512X

REFERENCES
1. Ma, C.B., Study of Load Characteristics by Bolter Miner Cutting Unit, Railway Construction Technology, 2017, vol. 4, pp. 124–126.
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3. Vierhaus, R., Development of a High-Performance Drivage by Bolter-Miner Technology, Gluck: Die. Fach. Rohst. Bergb. En., 2002, vol. 138, pp. 425–429.
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6. Hoseinie, S.H., Ataei, M., Khalokakaie, R., Ghodrati, B., and Kumar, U., Reliability Analysis of the Cable System of Drum Shearer Using the Power Law Process Model, Int. J. Min. Reclam. Env., 2012, vol. 26, pp. 309–323.
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8. Shirani Faradonbeh, R, Salimi, A, Monjezi, M, et al., Roadheader Performance Prediction Using Genetic Programming (GP) and Gene Expression Programming (GEP) Techniques, J. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2017, vol. 76, pp. 584–595.
9. Zhao, L.J. and He, J.Q., Effect of Pick Arrangement on the Load of Shearer in the Thin Coal Seam, J. Chin. Coal Soc., 2011, vol. 36, pp. 1401–1406.
10. Jang, J.S., Yoo, W.S., Kang, H., et al., Cutting Head Attachment Design for Improving the Performance By Using Multibody Dynamic Analysis, International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 2016, vol. 17, pp. 371–377.
11. Zhang, Q.Q., Han, Z.N., Ning, S.H., Liu, Q.Z., and Guo, R.W., Numerical Simulation of Rock Cutting in Different Cutting Mode Using the Discrete Element Method, J. GeoEng., 2015, vol. 10, pp. 35–43.
12. Copur, H., Bilgin, N., and Balci, C., Effects of Different Cutting Patterns and Experimental Conditions on the Performance of a Conical Drag Tool, Rock Mechanics & Rock Engineering, 2017, vol. 50, pp. 1585–1609.
13. Heydarshahy, S.A. and Karekal, S., Investigation of PDC Cutter Interface Geometry Using 3D FEM Modeling, Int. J. Eng. Res. Afr., 2017, vol. 29, pp. 45–53.
14. Derakhshan, E.D., Yazdian, N., Craft, B., et al., Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Residual Stress and Welding Distortion Induced by Laser-Based Welding Processes of Thin Structural Steel Plates in Butt Joint Configuration, Optics & Laser Technology, 2018, vol. 104, pp. 170–182.
15. Mirzaee-Sisan, A., Welding Residual Stresses in a Strip of a Pipe, International Journal of Pressure Vessels & Piping, 2018, vol. 159, pp. 28–34.
16. Xu, T., Ranjith, P.G., and Au, S.K., Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Hydraulic Fracturing in Kaolin Clay, J. Petrol Sci. Eng., 2014, vol. 134, pp. 223–236.
17. Bertignoll, H., Alpine Bolter Miner—Austrian Technology for Rapid Roadway Development, Min. Technol., 1995, vol. 77, pp. 163–165.
18. Vierhaus, Rainer, Development of a High-Performance Drivage by “Bolter-Miner” Technology, Gluck: Die. Fach. Rohst. Bergb. En., 2002, vol. 138, pp. 425–429.
19. Esterhuizen, G.S. and Tulu, I.B., Analysis of Alternatives for Using Cable Bolts as Primary Support at Two Low-Seam Coal Mines, Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol., 2016, vol. 26, pp. 23–30.
20. Rostami, J.; Bahrampour, S., Ray, A., and Collins, C., Measurement and Analysis of Noise and Acoustic Emission on a Roof Bolter for Identification of Joints and in Rock, J Acoust. Soc. Am., 2015, vol. 137, pp. 869–875.
21. Yasar, S. and Yilmaz, A.O., A novel Mobile Testing Equipment for Rock Cuttability Assessment: Vertical Rock Cutting Rig (VRCR), Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 2017, vol. 50, pp. 857–869.
22. Bakar, M. Z. A., Evaluation of Saturation Effects on Drag Pick Cutting of a Brittle Sandstone from Full Scale Linear Cutting Tests, Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, 2013, vol. 34, pp. 124–134.
23. Jeong, H.Y. and Jeon, S., Characteristic of Size Redistribution in Rock Chip Produced by Rock Cutting with a Pick Cutter, Cheomechanics and Engineering, 2018, vol. 15, pp. 811–822.
24. Qiao, S., Xia, Y.M., Liu, Z.Z., Liu, J.S., Ning, B., and Wang, A.L., Performance Evaluation of Bolter Miner Cutting Head by Using Multicriteria Decision-Making Approaches, J. Adv. Mech. Des. Syst., 2017, vol. 11, pp. 1–10.

MINERAL MINING TECHNOLOGY

FEATURES OF MODERN APPROACH TO SELECTION OF HAULAGE SYSTEMS FOR OPEN PIT DIAMOND MINES IN YAKUTIA
V. L. Yakovlev, I. V. Zyryanov, A. G. Zhuravlev, and V. A. Cherepanov

Institute of Mining, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620219 Russia
e-mail: direct@igduran.ru
e-mail: juravlev@igduran.ru
Yakutniproalmaz Institute, ALROSA, Mirny, 678174 Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia
e-mail: zyryanoviv@alrosa.ru

The results of the work on the scientific and technical framework of the open pit mine haulage machinery design for the national standard initiated by ALROSA Group in 2015 are presented. The experience of design and operation of haulage systems at open pit diamond mines in the permafrost zone is analyzed. Favorable operating conditions of haulage systems are determined with regard to peculiarities of open pit diamond mines. The sequential shaping of a haulage system all through the life of an open pit mine is substantiated. Application of such approach requires information technologies of transport system design, including computer modeling and multipath analysis under variability of numerous factors.

Open pit mine hualage system, industrial transport, opening, tansport application domain, dimond deposits in the permaforst zone

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065131 

REFERENCES
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3. Tarasov, P.I., Zhuravlev, A.G., Cherepanov, V.A., Isakov, M.V., Balanchuk, V.R., Akishev, A.N., and Babaskin, S.L., Problems of Line-Haul Transportation from Remote Kimberlite Deposits, Gorn. Oborud. Elektromekh,. 2014, no. 5, pp. 25–31.
4. Zyryanov, I.V., Oavlov, V.A., Kondratyuk, A.P., Moryakov, A.V., and Al’myashev, R.K., Pilot Operation of Multi-Chain Road Trains SCANIA at the Udachny Mining and Processing Plant, Gorn. Prom., 2014, no. 6(188), pp. 38–40.
5. Chaadaev, A.S., Akishev, A.N., and Babaskin, S.L., Schemes of Accessing and Extracting Deep Levels in Open Pit Diamond Mines Using High-Angle Roads, Gorn. Prom., 2008, no. 2, pp. 75–80.
6. Akishev, A.N., Babaskin, L.S., and Zyryanov, I.V., Optimizing Parameters of Access Schemes in Open Pit Kimberlite Mines, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2010, no. 5, pp. 85–87.
7. Furin, V.O., Justification of Process Variables Dipping Machinery System for Steep Mineral Deposits, Synopsys of Cand. Tech. Sci. Theses, Yekaterinburg: IGD UrO RAN, 2009.
8. Yakovlev, V.L., Tarasov, P.I., and Zhuravlev, A.G., Novye spetsializirovannye vidy transporta dlya gornykh rabot (New Special Modes of Transport for Mining), Yekaterinburg: UrO RAN, 2011.
9. Karmaev, G.D. and Glebov, A.V., Vybor oborudovaniya tsiklichno-potochnoi tekhnologii kar’erov (Selection of Equipment for Cyclical-and-Continuous Technology for Open Pit Mines), Yekatrinburg: IGD UrO RAN, 2012.
10. Akishev, A.N., Zyryanov, I.V., Shubin, G.V., Tarasov, P.I., and Zhuravlev, A.G., Technology and Equipment for Extraction of Deep Reserves in Open Pit Diamond Mines, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2012, no. 12, pp. 39–43.
11. Parreira, J. and Meech, J., Autonomous vs. Manual Haulage Trucks–How Mine Simulation Contributes to Future Haulage System Developments, CIM Meeting, Vancouver, 2010.
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15. Zhuravlev, A.G., Trends of Development in Transportation Systems in Open Pit Mines with Robotic Machines, Probl. Nedropol’z., 2014, no. 3, pp. 164–175.
16. Tarasov, P.I., Zhuravlev, A.G., Cherepanov, V.A., Akishev, A.N., and Shubin, G.V., Substantiation of the Equipment Productivity at the Remote Control for Udachnyi Open Pit, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2012, no. 12, pp. 35–39.
17. Kuleshov, A.A., Vasil’ev, K.A., Dokukin, V.P., and Koptev, V.Yu., Analysis of Ore Haulage Alternatives from Open Pit to Processing Plant at ALROSA, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2003, no. 6, pp. 13–16.
18. Zemskov, A.N. and Poletaev, I.G., Features of Using Cargo Aerial Roadways in Open Pit Mining, Gorn. Prom., 2004, no. 5, pp. 30–33.
19. Fedorov, L.N., Slice-and-Blast Method for Deep Open Pit Mining, Kimberlite Mining—Current Problems and Solutions: Int. Conf. Proc. Mirny–2003, Moscow: Ruda metally, 2004, pp. 352–355.
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21. Gromov, E.V., Bilin, A.L., Belogorodtsev, O.V., and Nagovitsyn, G.O., Substantiation of Mining-and-Transportation System and Parameters for Mining of Ore Deposits in the Conditions of the Kola Peninsula, J. Min. Sci., 2018, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 591–598.
22. Karmaev, G.D., Glebov, A.V., and Bersenev, V.A., Engineering, Operation and Prospects of Cyclical-and-Continuous Technology in Open Pit Ore Mines, Gornaya tekhnika. Dobycha, transportirovka i pererabotka poleznykh iskopaemykh: katrakog-spravochnik (Mining Equipment, Mineral Mining, Haulage and Processing: Handbook–Catalog), Saint-Petersburg: Slavutich, 2013, issue 1(11), pp. 66–70.
23. Babaskin, S.L. and Akishev, A.N., RF patent no. 2571776, Byull. Izobret., 2015, no. 35.
24. Tochilin, V.I., Extensible Tower Hoists for Mining Kimberlite Pipes (Initial Process and Design Requirements), Gorn. Obordu. Elektromekh., 2005, no. 3, pp. 34–37.
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ASSESSMENT AND PREDICTION OF SLOPE STABILITY IN THE KENTOBE OPEN PIT MINE
O. G. Besimbaeva, E. N. Khmyrova, F. K. Nizametdinov, and E. A. Oleinikova

Karaganda State Technical University, Karaganda, 100027 Republic of Kazakhstan
e-mail: bog250456@mail.ru

Slope stability is assessed in the Kentobe open pit barite mine located in the east of the Atasui ore province. The estimated characteristics of rock mass strength are evaluated using two techniques: by VNIMI procedure and in RockLab environment. Slope stability assessment involved a computer program developed at the Karaganda State Technical University. For the calculation, in the mine layout, such details as inhomogeneity of pitwall rock mass, depth of mining, presence of weakening surfaces, etc. were specified. The calculations showed that the preset slopes of benches, safety berms and pit walls failed to ensure stability. The stability of slopes to be preserved requires flattening of the overall angle to 34° in the south-west pit wall and to 31° in the north-east pit wall. The stability factors in this case will be 1.24 and 1.21, respectively.

Geomechanical model, stability factor, strength characteristics of rocks, pitwall slope stability calculation, pitwall stabilization

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065143 

REFERENCES
1. Methodicheskie ukazaniya po opredeleniyu uglov naklona bortov, otkosov ustupov i otvalov stroyashchikhsya i ekspluatiruemykh kar’erof (Methodical Guides on Determination of Slopes for Pitwalls, Benches and Dumps in Open Pit Mines under Construction and Operation), Leningrad: VNIMI, 1972.
2. Vremennye metodicheske ukazaniya po upravleniyu ustoichivost’yu bortov kar’erov tsvetnoi metallurgii (Temporal Methodical Guides on Pitwall Stability Control in the Nonferrous Metallurgy, Moscow: Giproruda, 1989.
3. Methodicheskie ukazaniya po nablyudeniiyam za deformatsiyami bortov, otkosov ustupov i otvalov na kar’erakh i rzarabotke meropriyatii po obespechenyu ikh ustoichivosti (Methodical Guides on Deformation Control in Pitwalls and Dumps and on Slope Stability Measures), Approved by the Committee on Government Control over Emergences and Production Safety, order no. 39 dated Sep 22, 2008.
4. Fisenko, G.L., Ustoichivost’ bortov kar’erov i otvalov (Slope Stability of Pits and Dumps), Moscow: Nedra, 1965.
5. Baklashov, I.V., Deformirovanie i razrushenie porodnykh massivov (Deformation and Failure of Rock Masses), Moscow: Nedra, 1988.
6. Popov, I.I., Okatov, R.P., and Nizametdinov, F.K., Mekhanika skal’nykh massivov i ustoichivost’ kar’ernykh otkosov (Rock Mechanics and Pitwall Slope Stability), Alma-Ata, 1986.
7. Chanyshev, A.I., Constitutive Dependences for Rocks in the Pre- and Post-Limit Deformation Stages, J. Min. Sci., 2002, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 434–439.
8. Hoek, E. and Diederichs, M.S., Empirical Estimation of Rock Mass Modulus, Int. J. of Rock Mech. and Min. Sci., 2006, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 203–215.
9. Hoek, E., Carranza-Torres, C., and Corkum, B., Hoek–Brown Failure Criterion, Proc. NARMS, 2002, vol. 1, pp. 267–273.
10. Hoek, E., Practical Rock Engineering—An Ongoing Set of Notes, Available at: https://www.rocscience.com/assets/resources/learning/hoek/Practical-Rock-Engineering-Full-Text.pdf.
11. Dolgonosov, V.N., Shpakov, P.S., Nizametdinov, F.K., Ozhigin, S.G., Ozhigina, S.B., and Starostina, O.V., Analiticheskie sposoby rascheta ustoichivosti kar’ernykh otkosov (Analytical Methods of Stable Slope Design in Open Pit Mines), Karaganda: Sonata-Poligrfiya, 2009.
12. Ozhigin, S.G., Ozhigina, S.B., Shpakov, P.S., Nizametdiinov, F.K., et. al., Computer Program State Registration Certificate no. 126 dated Jan 26, 2015.
13. Galust’yan, E.L., Geomekhanika otkrytykh gornykh rabot (Geomechanics of Open Pit Mining), Moscow: Nedra, 1992.
14. Demin, A.M., Ustoichivost’ otkrytykh gornykh vyrabotok i otvalov (Stability of Open Pits and Dumps), Moscow: Nedra, 1973.
15. Popov, I.I. and Okatov, R.P., Bor’ba s opolznyami na kar’erakh (Combating Landslides in Open Pit Mines), Moscow: Neda, 1980.
16. Kurlenya, M.V., Baryshnikov, V.D., and Gakhova, L.N., Experimental and Analytical Method for Assessing Stability of Stopes, J. Min. Sci., 2012, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 609–615.
17. Bagdasar’yan, A.G. and Sytenkov, V.N., Change in the Pitwall Stability with Depth, J. Min, Sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 65–68.

SOLVING PROBLEMS IN ORE MINING AND PROCESSING USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
E. V. Gromov, V. V. Biryukov, and A. M. Zotov

Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 184209 Russia
e-mail: evgromov@goikolasc.net.ru

Specificity of using information technologies to improve safety and efficiency of integrated mineral mining is described. The results of works on creation of information resources for keeping and processing of data on rare earth and rare metal raw materials are presented. The application of the integrated approach to mineral mining under environmental constraints is described in terms of the Partomchorr deposit located in the Russian region of the Arctic. Low-waste technologies are substantiated for ore mining, processing and piling, as well as for mine waste management. The most important avenues of research in the area of automation and robotization of mining are identified.

Integrated mineral resources management, Russian Arctic territory, environmental constraints, information technologies, computer modeling, geotechnology, mining automation and robotization, mineral dressing

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065155 

REFERENCES
1. Mel’nikov, N.N. and Zotov, A.M., Information Resource for Integrated Solution of Problems Connected with Development of Rare Earth and Rare Metal Resources in Russia in Compliance with Ecological Strategy of the Mining Industry, GIAB, 2017, no. S23, pp. 535–544.
2. Lukichev, S.V., Gromov, E.V., Shibaeva, D.N., and Tereshchenko, S.V., Evaluating Efficiency of Ecologically Balanced Mining Technology for Strategic Partomchorr Deposit in the Arctic Zone of Russia, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2017, no. 12, pp. 57–62.
3. Lukichev, S.V., Gromov, E.V., and Lobanov, E.A., Evaluation of Prospects for Apatite–Nepheline Mining at Partomchorr, Eurasian Mining, 2017, no. 1, pp. 10–13.
4. Mitrofanova, G.V., Filimonova, N.M., Andronov, G.P., and Rukhlenko, E.D., Effect of Mineralogical and Process Features of the Partomchorr Apatite Ore on the Choice of Reagent Regimes for Flotation, GIAB, 2017, no. S23, pp. 427–435.
5. Mel’nikov, N.N., Kozyrev, A.A., and Lukichev, S.V., Great Depths—New Technologies, Vestn. KNTS, 2013, no. 4, pp. 58–66.
6. Oparin, V.N., Rusin, E.P., Tapsiev, A.P., Freidin, A.A., and Badtiev, B.P., Mirovoi opyt avtomatizatsii gornykh rabot na podzemnykh rudnikakh (International Experience of Underground Mining Automation), Novosibirsk: SO RAN, 2007.
7. Sandvik Mining, 2015. Accessed 27–11–2016:https://www.rocktechnology.sandvik/en/products/automation/.
8. Gromov, E.V., Improvement of Low-Grade Ore Mining Efficiency under Ecological Constraints (In Terms of the Partomchorr Apatite–Nepheline Deposit), Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Apatity, 2016.
9. Yakovlev, V.L., Tarasov, P.I., and Zhuravlev, A.G., Novye spetsializirovannye vidy transporta dly gornykh predpriyatii (New Dedicated Mode of Transportation for Mining Industry), Yekaterinburg: UrO RAN, 2011.
10. Zyryanov, I.V. and Pavlov, A.P., Pilot Full-Scale Operation of Scania Multi-Chain Truck Trains at Udachny Mining and Processing Plant, Gorn. Prom., 2014, no. 6, pp. 38–40.
11. King, C., A model for the Quantitative Estimation of Mineral Liberation from Mineralogical Texture, Int. J. of Min. Proc., 1979, no. 6, pp. 207–220.
12. Gane, C. and Sarson, T. Structured System Analysis: Tools and Techniques, McDonell Douglas 13. Information, 1977.

MINE AEROGASDYNAMICS

DISTRIBUTION OF METHANE CONCENTRATION IN THE VENTILATING AREA OF THE LONGWALL
S. Wasilewski and P. Jamróz

Strata Mechanics Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, 30–059 Poland
e-mail: wasilewski@imgpan.pl e-mail: jamroz@imgpan.pl

The paper presents an analysis of experimental data that include space–time distributions of methane concentration at the shearer-exploited longwall. The main objective of the observation was to identify the sources of methane emission and determine the methane distribution along the longwall and the adjacent workings. At present, numerical simulation methods are used more and more extensively while testing the air parameters in mine workings. The conducted analysis was also aimed at preparing input data for verification of numerical models of the longwall area as well as a simulation of the algorithm for controlling the shearer operating at the longwall being exploited in the seam exposed to methane hazards. The object of observation was longwall 841a, seam 405/2 in the Bielszowice mine. In the area of the longwall nine methane detectors (including two in the longwall) were located and used as common protection against methane hazard. As part of the experimental research, 10 additional methane detectors were located in the longwall and the adjacent workings, including 4 in the longwall.

Mine ventilation, methane concentration, longwall

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065167 

REFERENCES
1. Cecala, A.B., Zimmer, J.A., and Thimons, E.D., Determination of Optimal Longwall Face Methane Monitoring Locations, Min. Eng., 1994, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 141–144.
2. Schatzel, S.J., Karacan, C.O., Krog, R.B., Esterhuizen, G.S., and Goodman, V.R., Guidelines for the Prediction and Control of Methane Emissions on Longwalls, NIOSH, Circular 9502, Pittsburgh, 2008.
3. Kissell, F.N. and Cecala, A.B., Preventing Methane Ignitions at Longwall Faces, Chapter 4 in Handbook for methane control in mining, NIOSH IC 9486 Information Circular, 2006.
4. Schaeffer, M., Longwall Automation, State of the Art. Joy Corp., Mine Expo Int., Las Vegas, 2008.
5. Dziurzynski, W. and Krach, A., Mathematical Model of Methane Caused by a Collapse of Rock Mass Crump, Arch. Min. Sci., 2001, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 433–449.
6. Dziurzynski, W., Krach, A., and Palka, T., Airflow Sensitivity Assessment Based on Underground Mine Ventilation Systems Modeling, Energies, 2017, 10, Paper 1451.
7. Wala, A.M., Yingling, J.C., Zhang, J., and Ray, R., Validation Study of Computational Fluid Dynamics as a Tool for Mine Ventilation Design, Proc. of the 6th Int. Mine Ventilation Congress, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1997.
8. Kumar, P., Mishra, D.P., Panigrahi, D.C., and Sahu, P., Numerical Studies of Ventilation Effect on Methane Layering Behaviour in Underground Coal Mines, Current Sci., 2017, vol. 112, no. 9, pp. 1873–1881. 10.18520/cs/v112/i09/1873–1881.
9. Dziurzynski, W., Krach, A., Palka, T., and Wasilewski, S., Validation of the Computer Program for Ventilation Simulation VentMet in the Face Region, Taking into Account Time-Variant Methane Inflows Due to Cyclic Operations of the Shearer and Loader, Transactions of the Strata Mechanics Research Institute, 2007, vol. 9, no. 1–4, pp. 3–26.
10. Dziurzynski, W., Krach, A., Palka, T., and Wasilewski, S., The Validation of VentZroby Software Procedures with the Use of the Mine Atmosphere Condition Monitoring System, 2009.
11. Jamroz, P. and Wasilewski, S., Methane Concentration Analysis along the Longwall during the Mining Works, Transactions of the Strata Mechanics Research Institute, 2016, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 3–11.

MINERAL DRESSING

EFFECT OF CHEMICAL AND PHASE COMPOSITIONS ON ABSORPTION AND FLOTATION PROPERTIES OF TIN–SULPHIDE ORE TAILINGS WITH DIBUTYL DITHIOCARBAMATE
T. N. Matveeva, V. A. Chanturia, N. K. Gromova, and L. B. Lantsova

Academician Melnikov Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 111020 Russia e-mail: tmatveyeva@mail.ru

Using UV-visible spectrophotometry, it is found that old tailings of Solnechny Mining and Processing Plant are characterized with high absorptive capacity relative to sodium dibutyl dithiocarbamate (DBDTC) and require high consumption of collecting agents in flotation. The optical and scanning electron microscopy tools revealed gypsum-cemented finely dispersed fractions (smaller than 20 μm) coating larger mineral particles (60–80 μm). Minerals are represented by chalcopyrite, pyrrhotine, pyrite, sphalerite, jamesonite and cassiterite; rocks are quartz and silicates. A feature of these old tailings is supergene mineralization and sulphide oxidation products. Alongside with cassiterite, varlamovite is present as a typical product of stannite-group tin sulfosalts modification. New experimental data on flotation of Solnechny MPP tailings with DBDTC are obtained. The flotation experiments show that DBDTC addition to butyl xanthate (at ratio of 1 : 3) enables increased recovery of copper, lead, zinc and silver in bulk concentrate and reduces loss of these minerals in slime.

Tin sulphide ore, tailings, flotation, xanthate, dibutyl dithiocarbamate

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065179 

REFERENCES
1. Khanchuk, A.I., Kemkina, P.A., Kemkin, I.V., and Zvereva, V.P., Mineralogical and Geochemical Justification of Processing of Solnechny Old Tailings, Komsomol’sky District, the Khabarovsk Region, Kamchatka Regional Association Educational–Scientific Center, Earth Sciences, 2012, no. 1 (19), pp. 22–40.
2. Matveev, A.I. and Eremeeva, N.G., Tekhnologicheskaya otsenka mestorozhdenii olova Yakutii (Technological Assessment of Tin Deposits in Yakutia), Novosibirsk: Geo, 2011.
3. Plyashkevich, A.A., Mineralogia i geokhimiya olovo-serebro-polimetallicheskikh mestorozhdenii Severo-Vostoka Rossii (Meneralogy and Geochemistry of Tin-Silver-Polymetallic Ore Deposits in Russian North-Eastern Regions), Magadan: SVKNII DVO RAN, 2002.
4. Fedotov, P.K., Senchenko, A.E., Fedotov, K.V., and Burdonov, A.E., The Kazakhstan Deposit Tin-Bearing Ore Processing Technology, Obogashchenie Rud, 2017, no. 1, pp. 8–14.
5. Yusupov, T. S. Kondrat’ev, S.A., and Baksheeva, I.I., Production-Induced Cassiterite-Sulfide Mineral Formation Structural-Chemical and Technological Properties, Obogashchenie Rud, 2016, no. 5, pp. 26–31.
6. Angadi, S.I., Sreenivas, T., Ho-Seok, Jeon, Sang-Ho, Baek, and Mishra, B. K. A Review of Cassiterite Beneficiation Fundamentals and Plant Practices, Minerals Eng., 2015, vol. 70, pp. 178–200.
7. Leistner, T., Embrechts, M., Lei?ner, T., Chehren, Chelgani, S., Osbahr, I., Mоckel, R., Peuker, U. A., and Rudolph, M., A Study of the Reprocessing of Fine and Ultrafine Cassiterite from Gravity Tailing Residues by Using Various Flotation Techniques, Minerals Eng., 2016, vol. 96–97, pp. 94–98.
8. Lopez, F.A., Garcia-Diaz, I., Rodriguez, Largo O., Polonio, F.G., and Florens, T. Recovery and Purification of Tin from Tailings from the Penouta Sn–Ta–Nb Deposit, Minerals, 2018, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 20.
9. Gazaleeva, G.I., Nazarenko, L.N., Shikhov, N.V., Shigaeva, V.N., and Baikov, I.S., Process for Treatment of Solnechny Tin-Bearing Tailings, Proc. 13th Int. Sci.-Tech Conf. Science and Practice of Mineral Ore and Technogenic Material Processing, Yekaterinburg: Fort Dialog Iset, 2018, pp. 11–16.
10. Ivanova, T.A., Chanturia, V.A., and Zimbovsky, I.G., New Experimental Evaluation Techniques for Selectivity of Collecting Agents for Gold and Platinum Flotation from Fine-Impregnated Noble Metal Ores, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 785–794.
11. Matveeva, T.N., Gromova, N.K., Ivanova, T.A., and Chanturia, V.A., Physicochemical Effect of Modified Diethyldithiocarbamate on the Surface of Auriferous Sulfide Minerals in Noble Metal Ore Flotation, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 803–810.
12. Matveeva, T.N., Gromova, N.K., Minaev, V.A., and Lantsova, L.B., Sulfide Minerals and Cassiterite Surface Modification by Stable Metal-dibutyldithiocarbamate Complexes, Obogashchenie Rud, 2017, no. 5, pp. 15–20.

RELATION BETWEEN HYDROCARBON RADICAL STRUCTURE AND COLLECTING ABILITIES OF FLOTATION AGENT
S. A. Kondrat’ev and D. V. Sem’yanova

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: kondr@misd.ru

Structural features of hydrocarbon fragment of collecting agents for nonsulphide minerals, which show high recovery of useful components, are discussed. Introduction of nitrogen or oxygen atoms in collector molecule weakens hydrophobic properties of mineral coating. Decrease in the free surface energy at the mineral–liquid interface in the thermodynamic formulation of the problem on formation of a flotation aggregate reduces the likelihood of such formation. The causes of an increased collecting ability of a flotation agent with polar groups in the hydrocarbon fragment are disclosed based on the mechanism of physically adsorbed collectors and kinetics of formation of flotation aggregate. The kinetic approach to description of flotation event demonstrates functionality of electronegative oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon chain of a collecting agent molecule. The reason for preferable introduction of nitrogen or oxygen atoms in hydrocarbon fragment of collector molecule near a hydrophilic group is found. High surface pressure and spreading rate of an agent film are governed by the developed hydrocarbon fragment of collector molecules, sufficient concentration of the agent at the mineral surface and by the high surface tension of bubbles in flotation.

Hydroxide and cation colleting agents, structure and composition of hydrocarbon radical

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065180 

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INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF PECHENGA REBELLIOUS COPPER–NICKEL SULPHIDE ORE FLOTATION
E. V. Chernousenko, Yu. N. Neradovsky, Yu. S. Kameneva, I. N. Vishnyakova, and G. V. Mitrofanova

Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 184209 Russia
e-mail: chern@goi.kolasc.net.ru

Results of research into low-grade rebellious copper–nickel ore are presented. The mineralogical analysis reveals features of material composition, which affect processing properties of the ore—fine primary dissemination, essential serpentinization and substitution of insets by magnetite, as well as considerable fine difficult-to-dissociate epigenetic impregnation. The main causes of insufficient nickel recovery at the accepted modes of processing are determined. With a view to increasing concentration efficiency of this ore, different milling and flotation modes are considered. Ways to improve processing performance of this-type ore are identified.

Copper–nickel ore, mineral dissociation, pre-treatment mode, flotation

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065192 

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GEOINFORMATION SCIENCE

MODELING OBJECTS AND PROCESSES WITHIN. A. MINING TECHNOLOGY AS. A. FRAMEWORK FOR. A. SYSTEM APPROACH TO SOLVE MINING PROBLEMS
S. V. Lukichev and O. V. Nagovitsyn

Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 184209 Russia
e-mail: lu24@goi.kolasc.net.ru
e-mail: Nagovitsyn@goi.klasc.net.ru

The modern trends in advance of information support tools for the mining industry call for an integrated solution of technological problems based on a common software platform to ensure prompt development of a novel functional or adaptation of the available one to mining conditions. In this case, of key importance becomes the ideology to develop an information system capable to realize functions of the platform. Relying on more than 20 years experience in evolution of MINEFRAME mining geology information system (MGIS), there are grounds to suggest that the optimal way is to create an object-oriented platform capable to model and to control mining and geological objects in order to grant designers a novel application software for access to the basic MGIS functional. Implementation of this approach allows solving such important problems as higher stabilization of software operation by means of screened access to software tools of the basic level as well as promotion of MGIS functional advance owing to a feasibility to design application programs with the use of the procedures library and the platform functions.

Mining geology information system, design, planning, mining, system approach, data base, computer modeling

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118065204 

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