JMS, Vol. 54, No. 3, 2018

GEOMECHANICS

ILL-POSED PROBLEMS OF GEOMECHANICS
V. E. Mirenkov

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: mirenkov@misd.ru

The classical solution of elasticity problem on deformation of a plane weakened by a mathematical cut under wedging by constant forces is analyzed. The ill-posedness of the classical failure mechanics statements for problems with angular points is demonstrated. The approximate solution is constructed for deformation of continuum in the vicinity of a cut under small strains.

Fracture, solution, infinite stresses, ill-posedness, boundedness, nonlinearity, method

DOI: 10.1134/S106273911803375X

REFERENCES
1. Atluri, C.N., Computational Methods in the Mechanics of Fracture, Elsevier Science Ltd, 1986.
2. Rice, J. R. A Path Independent Integral and the Approximate Analysis of Strain Concentration by Notches and Cracks, J. Appl. Mech., 1968, vol. 35, pp. 379–386.
3. Duan, S., Fujii, K., and Nakagawa, K., Finite Stress Concentrations and J-Integrals from Normal Loads on a Penny-Shaped Crack, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 1989, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 167–176.
4. Dugdale, D.S., Yielding of Steel Sheets Containing Slits, J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 1960, vol. 8, pp. 100–104.
5. Tasi, Y.M., Ductile Penny-Shaped Crack in a Thick Transversely Isotropic Plate, Int. J. Mech. Sci., 1984, vol. 26, pp. 245–252.
6. Duan, S. and Nakagawa, K., Stress Functions with Finite Stress Concentration at the Crack Tips for a Central Crack Panel, Eng. Fracture Mech., 1988, Vol. 29, pp. 517–526.
7. Peinhardt, H.W., Plain Concrete Modeled as Elastic Strain Softening Material at Fracture, Eng. Fracture Mech., 1985, vol. 22, pp. 787–796.
8. Belonosov, S.N., Osnovnye ploskie statistichskie zadachi teorii uprugosti dlya odnosvyaznykh i dvusvyaznykh oblastei (Basic Static Plane Elasticity Problems for Simply and Doubly Connected Domains), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1967.
9. Mirenkov, V.E., Relation between Stresses and Shifts at the Periphery of a Working, J. Min. Sci., 1978, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 251–254.
10. Muskhelishvili, N.I., Singulyarnye integral’nye uravneniya (Singular Integral Equations), Moscow: Nauka, 1966.

ELASTOPLASTIC MODEL OF ROCK WITH INTERNAL SELF-BALANCING STRESSES
A. F. Revuzhenko and O. A. Mikenina

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: revuzhenko@yandex.ru

Rock is considered as a medium containing a load-bearing skeleton and a pore space. The two-dimensional closed deformation model under construction takes into account plastic strains and local bends of grains. The model describes the medium capacity to accumulate energy of internal self-balancing stresses.

Rock, elasticity, plasticity, self-balancing stresses

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033761 

REFERENCES
1. Organizational Standard STO 36554501–019–2009. Detection of Self-Stress State in Rocks. Moscow: NITs Stroitel’stvo, 2010.
2. Ponomarev, V.S., Problems of Studying an Energetically Active Geological Medium, Geotectonics, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 157–165.
3. Moroz, A.I., Samonapryazhennoe sostoyanie gornykh porod (Self-Stress State of Rocks), Moscow: MGGU, 2004.
4. Peng, Z. and Gomberg, J., An Integrated Perspective of the Continuum between Earthquakes and Slow-Slip Phenomena, Nature Geoscience, 2010, vol. 3, pp. 599–607.
5. Brune, J.N., Tectonic Stress and the Spectra of Seismic Shear Waver from Earthquakes, J. of Geophysical Research, 1970, vol. 75, no. 26, pp. 4997–5009.
6. Stavrogin, A.N. and Tarasov, B.G., Eksperimental’naya fizika i mekhanika gornykh porod (Experimental Physics and Mechanics of Rocks), Saint-Petersburg: Nauka, 2001.
7. Stavrogin, A.N. and Shirkes, O.A., Aftereffects in Rocks Caused by Preexisting Irreversible Deformation. J. Min. Sci., 1986, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 235–244.
8. Goryainov, P.M., Davidenko, I.V., Tectonic Decompression in Rocks and Ore Bodies—Important Phenomenon in Geodynamics, DAN SSSR, 1979, vol. 247, no. 5, pp. 1212–1215.
9. Kozlovsky, E.A. (Ed.). Vzryv. Gornaya Entsiklopediya (Explosion. Encyclopedia of Mining), vol. 1, Moscow: Sovetskaya entsiklopediya, 1984.
10. Sadovsky, M.A., Natural Lumpiness of Rocks, DAN SSSR, 1979, vol. 247, no. 4, pp. 829–831.
11. Sadovsky, M.A., Bolkhovitinov, L.G., and Pisarenko, V.F., Discreteness of Rocks, Izv. AN SSSR. Fizika Zemli, 1982, no. 12, pp. 13–18.
12. Kocharyan, G.G., Geomekhanika razlomov (Geomechanics of Faults), Moscow: Geos, 2016.
13. Adushkin, A.A., Gornov, V.V., Kurlenya, M.V., Oparin, V.N., Revuzhenko, A.F., and Spivak, A.A., Alternating response of Rocks to Dynamic Impact, DAN SSSR, 1992, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 263–269.
14. Revuzhenko, A.F. and Mikenina, O.A., Elastoplastic Model of Rocks with a Linear Structural Parameter, J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys., 2018, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 332–340.
15. Revuzhenko, A.F., Version of the Linear Elasticity Theory with a Structural Parameter, J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys., 2016, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 801–807.

EFFECT OF GAS FLOW ON DILATANCY AND STRESS STATE IN GRANULAR MATERIAL
A. P. Bobryakov and A. F. Revuzhenko

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: bobriakov@ngs.ru
e-mail: revuzhenko@yandex.ru

A device is developed for loading granular materials by shearing with air flow driven through the material without its pseudo-liquefaction. Internal stresses and dilatancy of a sample are measured depending on shearing angle. It is shown that shear modulus, characterizing material capability to resist shearing as air flow rate is increased, lowers while dilatancy grows.

Granular medium, shear strength, air flow, air flow rate, stress, dilatancy

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033773 

REFERENCES
1. Kuvshinov, G.G., Free Flow of a Granular Material from an Aperture in the Presence of a Gas Counterflow, J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys., 1995, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 869–876.
2. Tsubanov, A.G., Zabrodsky, S.S., and Antonishin, N.V., Influence of Gas Flow on Granular Material Discharge, Issledovanie protsessov v apparatakh s dispersnymi sistemami: sb. trudov (Study of Processes in Apparatuses with Dispersed Systems: Collected Papers), Minsk: Nauka i tekhnika, 1969, pp. 133–137.
3. Borisov, Yu.I. and Khodak, L.Z., Mechanism of Granular Body Movement during Discharge through a Hole, Inzh.-Fiz. Zh., vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 712–719.
4. Tsubanov, A.G., Effect of Pressure Difference on Granular Material Flow in Vertical Channel, Inzh.-Fiz. Zh., 1969, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 254–260.
5. Gufel’d, I.L. and Novoselov, O.N., Seismicheskii protsess v zone sabduktsii. Monitoring fonovogo rezhima (Seismic Process in Subduction Zone. Background Mode Monitoring), Moscow: MGUL, 2014.
6. Dmitrievskii, A.N. and Valyaev, B.M., Degazatsiya Zemli: geotektonika, geodinamika, geoflyuidy; neft’ i gaz; uglevodorody i zhizn’ (Degassing of the Earth: Geotectonics, Geodynamics, Geofluids; Oil and Gas; Hydrocarbons and Life), Moscow: Geos, 2010.
7. Larin, V.N., Gipoteza iznachal’no gibridnoi Zemli (Hypothesis on the Initially Hybrid Earth), Moscow: Nedra, 1980.
8. Larin, V.N., Nasha Zemlya: proiskhozhdenie, sostav, stroenie i razvitie iznachal’no gibridnoi Zemli (Our Earth: Origin, Composition, Structure and Development of the Initially Hybrid Earth), Moscow: Agar, 2005.
9. Kocharyan, G.G., Ostapchuk, A.A., and Martynov, V.S., Alteration of Fault Deformation Mode under Fluid Injection, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 216–223.
10. Kocharyan, G.G., Mekhanika razlomov (Mechanics of Faults), Moscow: Geos, 2016.
11. Kurlenya, M.V. and Serdyukov, S.V., Methane Desorption and Migration in Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Coal Beds, J. Min. Sci., 2010, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 50–56.
12. Revuzhenko, A.F., Simplest Flows of Continuum, DAN SSSR, 1988, vol. 303, no. 1, pp. 54–58.
13. Bobryakov, A.P. and Revuzhenko, A.F., Uniform Displacement of a Granular Material, J. Min. Sci., 1982, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 373–379.
14. Bobryakov, A.P., Revuzhenko, A.F., and Kosykh, V.P., Author’s Certificate no. 1485046, Byull. Izobret., 1989, no. 21.

SCIENCE OF MINING MACHINES

CALCULATION OF PIPE MOVEMENT WITH SOIL PLUG UNDER LONGITUDINAL IMPACT
N. A. Aleksandrova and A. S. Kondratenko

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: nialex@misd.ru

Interaction between an open-end pipe and a soil plug is studied using Coulomb’s law of friction. The scope of the study embraces different models of soil and pipe. The finite difference solutions obtained for all models and the analytical solutions derived for some models describe the elastic process of the pipe and soil interaction. Agreement of the numerical and analytical solutions is shown. Results of different model calculations are compared, and the validity limits are determined for the models. The influence of Coulomb friction on pipe and soil movement is investigated.

Pipe penetration, soil plug, dry friction, shearing stress, mathematical modeling, nonlinearity, numerical method, analytical solution

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033785 

REFERENCES
1. Randolph, M.F., Leong, E.C., and Houlsby, G.T., One-Dimensional Analysis of Soil Plugs in Pipe Piles, Geotechnique, 1991, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 587–598.
2. Liyanapathirana, D.S., Deeks, A.J., and Randolph, M.F., Numerical Analysis of Soil Plug Behavior Inside Open-Ended Piles During Driving, Int. J. Numer. Analyt. Meth. Geomech., 1998, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 303–322.
3. Liyanapathirana, D.S., Deeks, A.J., and Randolph, M.F., Numerical Modeling of the Driving Response of Thin-Walled Open-Ended Piles, Int. J. Numer. Analyt. Meth. Geomech., 2001, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 933–953.
4. Paik, K.H., Salgado, R., Lee, J.H., and Kim, B.J., The Behavior of Open- and Closed-Ended Piles Driven into Sands, ASCE, 2003, vol. 129, no. 4, pp. 296–306.
5. Henke, S. and Grabe, J., Numerical Investigation of Soil Plugging Inside Open-Ended Piles with Respect to the Installation Method, Acta Geotechnica, 2008, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 215–223.
6. Igoe, D., Gavin, K.G., and O’Kelly, B.C., Shaft Capacity of Open-Ended Piles in Sand, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 2011, vol. 137, no. 10, pp. 903–913.
7. Henke, S., Large Deformation Numerical Simulations Regarding Soil Plugging Behavior Inside Open-Ended Piles, Proceedings of ASME 2012 31st Int. Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Artic Engineering (OMAE2012), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2012, pp. 37–46.
8. Grabe, J. and Pucker, T., Improvement of Bearing Capacity of Vibratory Driven Open-Ended Tubular Piles, Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics III, London (UK): Taylor & Francis Group, 2015, pp. 551–556.
9. Fattah, M.Y. and Al-Soudani, W. H. S., Bearing Capacity of Open Ended Pipe Piles with Restricted Soil Plug, Ships and Offshore Structures, 2015, no. 11, pp. 501–516.
10. Ko, J., Jeong, S., and Lee, J.K., Large Deformation FE Analysis of Driven Steel Pipe Piles with Soil Plugging, Computers and Geotechnics, 2016, vol. 71, pp. 82–97.
11. Labenski, J., Moormann, C., Aschrafi, J., and Bienen, B., Simulation of the Plug Inside Open Steel Pipe Pile with Regards to Different Installation Methods, Proceedings of the 13th Baltic Sea Geotechnical Conference, Vilnius, Lithuania, 2016, pp. 223–230.
12. Yong Jie Xiao, Fu Quan Chen, and Yi Zhi Dong, Numerical Investigation of Soil Plugging Effect Inside Sleeve of Cast-In-Place Piles Driven by Vibratory Hammers in Clays, SpringerPlus, 2016, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 755–773.
13. Chervov, V.V., Conditions for Pipe Cavity Self-Cleaning from Soil When Laying Underground Utility Systems, J. Min. Sci., 2005, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 151–156.
14. Kondratenko, A.S. and Petreev, A.M., Features of the Earth Core Removal from a Pipe under Combined Vibro-Impact and Static Action, J. Min. Sci., 2008, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 559–568.
15. Meskele, T. and Stuedlein, A., Attenuation of Pipe Ramming-Induced Ground Vibrations, J. of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice, 2016, vol. 7, no. 1, 04015021, pp. 1–12.
16. Danilov, B.B., Kondratenko, A.S., Smolyanitsky, B.N., and Smolentsev, A.S., Improvement of Pipe Pushing Method, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 478–483.
17. Goodman, R.E., Taylor, R.L., and Brekke, T.L., A Model for the Mechanics of Jointed Rock, J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, 1968, vol. 94, SM 3, pp. 637–659.
18. Dech, G., Rukovodstvo po prakticheskomu primeneniyu preobrazovaniya Laplasa i Z preobrazovaniya (Laplace Transform and Z Transform Application Guide), Moscow: Nauka, 1971.
19. Dinnik, A.N., Rock Pressure and Support Design for Circular Mines, Inzh. Rabotnik, 1925, no. 7, pp. 1–12.
20. Aleksandrova, N.I., Numerical–Analytical Investigation into Impact Pipe Driving in Soil with Dry Friction. Part I: Nondeformable External Medium, J. Min. Sci., 2012, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 856–869.
21. Aleksandrova, N.I., Numerical–Analytical Investigation into Impact Pipe Driving in Soil with Dry Friction. Part II: Deformable External Medium, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 413–425.
22. Aleksandrova, N.I., Influence of Soil Plug on Pipe Ramming Process, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1073–1084.

DETERMINATION OF PNEUMATIC PUNCHER TURN RADIUS DURING CHANGE OF ITS MOTION PATH IN SOIL
B. B. Danilov, B. N. Smolyanitsky, A. I. Chanyshev, and D. O. Cheshchin

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: Dimixch@mail.ru
Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
Siberian State University of Transport, Novosibirsk, 630049 Russia

In order to ensure accurate hole-making in soil, it is required to adjust motion path of pneumatic puncher by deflecting its rear body relative to longitudinal axis. The structural layout of the path control mechanism, which allows upgrading series-production pneumatic punchers, is presented. The solution of problem on forces required to change the pneumatic puncher path in soil is given. Soil body is considered as a rigid–plastic medium, and the deflector is assumed as a nondeformable body. The problem is solved in two stages: penetration of the deflector in soil and motion of the pneumatic puncher with the rear deflected at a certain angle in soil. The loads applied to the rear for changing pneumatic puncher path in soil and the turn radius under deflecting force are determined.

Hole, pneumatic puncher, deflector, trajectory, turn radius, soil, deflecting force

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033797 

REFERENCES
1. Kostylev, A.D. and Chepurnoy, N.P., Investigation of the accuracy of hole drilling by pneumatic punchers with different cylindrical parts of the body, Pnevmogidravlicheskie silovye impul’snye sistemy (Pneumohydraulic Power Impulse Systems), Part 2, Novosibirsk, 1969, pp. 62–70.
2. Shadrina, A., Saruev, L., and Vasenin, S., The technology improvement and development of the new design-engineering principles of pilot bore directional drilling, IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2016, 43.
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5. Kostylev, A.D., A Brief Analysis of the Methods and Schemes of Devices for Controlling the Direction of Pneumatic Puncher Movement in Soil, Izv. Vuzov., Stroitel’stvo, 1998, no. 10, pp. 112–115.
6. Danilov, B.B., Smolyanitsky, B.N., Chanyshev, A.I., and Cheschin, D.O., Finding Forces Required to Change Air Hammer Path in Soil, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 676–685.
7. Isakov, A.L. and Zemtsova, A.E., Problem of Expanding the Soil Cavity with Trenchless Replacement of Underground Communications, J. Min. Sci., 1998, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 267–271.
8. Vorontsov, D.S. and Tkachuk, A.P., Definition of time well creation in soil in the combined way of ground-drifter, StroiMnogo, 2016, no. 2(3). Available at: http://stroymnogo.com/science/economy/opredelenie-skorosti-prokhodki-gori/.
9. Tischenko, I. V. Equipment Development for Hole Making with Partial Compaction and Excavation of Soil, Thesis of Candidate of Technical Sciences, Novosibirsk, 2006.
10. Gurkov, K.S., Klimashko, V.V., Kostylev, A.D., et al., Pnevmoproboiniki (Pneumatic Punches), Novosibirsk: IGD SO AN SSSR, 1990.
11. Gileta, V.P., Development and Improvement of Pneumatic Impact Devices to Drive Horizontal Boreholes by Vibro-Impact Punching, Doctoral Thesis, Novosibirsk, 1997.
12. Doroshkevich, N.M., Kleyn, G.K., and Smirenkin, P.P., Osnovy i fundamenty: ucheb. dlya tekhnikumov (Basements and Foundations: Textbook for Technical Schools), Moscow: Vyssh. Shk., 1972.
13. Osipova, M.A. and Sviridov, V.L., Structural Strength as a Creation for Assessing the Deformability of Loess Soils, Polzunovskii Vestn., 2013, no. 4–1, pp. 26–28.

MODEL APPROACHES TO LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF AUXILIARY MACHINES BASED ON AN EXAMPLE OF. A. COAL MINE IN SERBIA
D. J. Krunić, S. Vujić, M. Tanasijević, B. Dimitrijević, T. Šubaranović, S. Ilić, and S. Maksimović

Ministry of Mining and Energy of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
e-mail: dragica.jagodickrunic@mre.gov.rs
Mining Institute Ltd. Belgrade, Belgrade, 11080 Serbia
Faculty of Mining and Geology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia

The paper presents two model approaches to life cycle assessment of auxiliary mining machines: one of them is based on reliability theory and the other on the principle of cost-effectiveness. During exploitation of machines, the level of their reliability decreases while operating costs increase. These indicators of opposing trends detect the operating capacity of machines and provide the basis for making a decision on the validity of further operation, maintenance, or replacement of machines. By considering an example of a dozer, as the most frequently used machine for the performance of auxiliary works in the surface coal mines of Electric Power Industry of Serbia, a comparative analysis was made for applying both model approaches including assessment and conclusion.

Machine life cycle, reliability, costs, decision making, dozer, Kolubara Mining Basin

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033809 

REFERENCES
1. Wang, Z., Huang, H.Z., and Du, X., Reliability-Based Design Incorporating Several Maintenance Policies, Eksploatacja i Niezawodnosc (Maintenance and Reliability), 2009, no. 44 (4), pp. 37–44.
2. Peng, W., Huang, H., Zhang, X., Liu, Y., and Li, Y., Reliability-Based Optimal Preventive Maintenance Policy of Series-Parallel Systems, Eksploatacja i Niezawodnosc (Maintenance and Reliability), 2009, no. 42 (2), pp. 4–7.
3. Dababnehab, A. and Ozbolatabc, I.T., Predictive Reliability and Lifetime Methodologies for Circuit Boards, J. of Manufacturing Systems, 2015, vol. 37, Part 1, pp. 141–148.
4. Bugaric, U., Tanasijevic, M., Polovina, D., Ignjatovic, D., and Jovancic, P., Lost Production Costs of the Overburden Excavation System Caused by Rubber Belt Failure, Eksploatacja i Niezawodnosc (Maintenance and Reliability), 2012, no. 14 (4), pp. 333–341.
5. Tanasijevic, M., Bugaric, U., Jovancic, P., Ignjatovic, D., and Polovina, D., Relationship between the Reliability and the Length of Conveyor Rubber Belt, Proceedings of the 29th Danubia–Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics, Beograd, 2012, pp. 274–277.
6. Abo-Alkheer, A.K., El-Hami, A., Kharmanda, M.G., and Mouazen, A.M., Reliability-Based Design for Soil Tillage Machines, J. of Terramechanics, 2011, no. 48 (1), pp. 57–64.
7. International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, Dependability and Quality of Service, IEC Standard, 1990, no. 50 (191).
8. Vujic, S., Stanojevic, R., Tanaskovic, T., Zajic, B., Zivojinovic, R., and Maksimovic, S., Methods for Optimization of the Exploitation Length of Mining Machines, Electric Power Industry of Serbia, Academy of Engineering Sciences of Serbia and Montenegro, and Faculty of Mining and Geology University of Belgrade, 2003.
9. Vujic, S., Miljanovic, I., Maksimovic, S., Milutinovic, A., Benovic, T., Hudej, M., Dimitrijevic, B., Cebasek, V., and Gajic, G., Optimal Dynamic Management of Exploitation Life of the Mining Machinery: Models with Undefined Interval, J. of Mining Science, 2010, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 425–430.
10. Vujic, S., Miljanovic, I., Bosevski, S., Kasas, K., Milutinovic, A., Gojkovic, N., Dimitrijevic, B., Gajic, G., and Cebasek, V., Optimal Dynamic Management of Exploitation Life of the Mining Machinery: Models with Limited Interval, J. of Mining Science, 2010, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 554–560.
11. International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 300–3-3 Dependability Management. P. 3. Application Guide. Section 3: Life Cycle Costing, 1996.
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13. Dhillon, B.S., Mining Equipment Reliability, Maintainability and Safety, Springer, 2008, pp. 21–22.
14. Chanseok Park, Weibullness Test and Parameter Estimation of the Three-Parameter Weibull Model Using the Sample Correlation Coefficient, International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice, 2017, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 376–391.
15. Stanojevic, R., Dynamic Programming, The Institute of Economy, Belgrade, 2004.
16. Romeu, J., Kolmogorov–Smirnov GoF Test, RAC START, 2003, no. 10 (3), pp. 1–6.
17. Dababnehab, A. and Ozbolatabc, I., T. Predictive Reliability and Lifetime Methodologies for Circuit Boards, J. of Manufacturing Systems, 2015, vol. 37, part 1, pp. 141–148.

MINERAL MINING TECHNOLOGY

DEVELOPMENT OF METHOD FOR STIMULATING OIL INFLOW TO THE WELL DURING FIELD EXPLOITATION
M. V. Kurlenya, V. I. Pen’kovskii, A. V. Savchenko, D. S. Evstigneev, and N. K. Korsakova

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: sav@eml.ru
Lavrent’ev Institute of Hydrodynamics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia

The problem on oil filtration in the reservoir model with the preset differential pressure harmonically varying in time on its faces is solved. Hysteresis effects of capillary pressure under change in the direction of fluid expulsion are considered. The influence exerted by liquid fluctuations on cleaning the near-well zone from possible capillary blocking of aqueous phase is estimated. The action of alternating pressure pulses on the oil-saturated reservoir model is investigated. It is shown that harmonic change in liquid pressure promotes removal of immobile capillary-blocked water from the near-well zone. The results of in-situ experiments on wave action on the wellbottom zone and oil production stimulation are presented.

Oil accumulation, pressure pulses, two-phase filtration, wellbottom zone, liquid fluctuations

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033810 

REFERENCES
1. Alekseev, A.S., Glisnkii, B.M., Emanov, A.F., et al. Novye geotekhnologii i kompleksnye geofizicheskie metody izucheniya vnutrennei struktury i dinamiki geosfer. Vibratsionnye geotekhnologii (New Geotechnologies and Integrated Geophysical Methods of Studying Internal Structure and Dynamics of Geospheres. Vibration Geotechnologies), N. P. Laverov (Ed.), Moscow: Reg. obshch. org. uchenykh po problem. prikl. geofiz., 2002.
2. Kurlenya, M.V. and Serdyukov, S.V., Reaction of Fluids in an Oil-Producing Stratum to Low-Intensity Vibro-Seismic Action, J. Min. Sci., 1999, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 113–119.
3. Kurlenya, M.V. and Serdyukov, S.V., Determination of the Region of Vibroseismic Action on an Oil Deposit from the Daylight Surface, J. Min. Sci., 1999. Vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 333–340.
4. Ivannikov, V.I., Clogging and Declogging in Well Bore Zone, Geolog., Geofiz. Razrab. Neft. Gaz. Mest., 2011, no. 4, pp. 56–60.
5. Nasybullin, A.V. and Voikin, V.F., Definition of Production Flow Rate in a Horizontal Well at Steady Mode in the Object of Flooding, Georesursy, 2015, no. 4 (63), pp. 35–38.
6. D’yachuk, I.A., Estimation of Accumulation Rate of Residual Oil in Highly Watered Idle Wells, Georesursy, 2015, no. 1 (60), pp. 70–78.
7. Nazarov, A.K., Influence of Variation in Reservoir Pressure on Oil Field Development Performance, Synopsis Cand. Tech. Sci. Thesis, Perm, 1996.
8. Erofeev, A.A. and Mordvinov, V.A., Change in properties of Well Bore Zone during Development of Bobrikovskaya Reservoir of the Unvinskoe Field, Vestn. PNIPU. Geolog. Neftegaz. Gorn. Delo, 2012, pp. 57–62.
9. Suleimanov, B.A., Bairamov, M.M., and Mamedov, M.R., Scheduling Acid Treatment in Horizontal Wells, Neftepromusl. Delo, 2004, vol. 9, pp. 45–48.
10. Syr’ev, V.I. and Yanukyan, A.P., Acid Well Treatment for Stimulation of Oil Recovery, Modern Conditions of Science and Technology Interaction: Int. Conf. Proc., 2017, vol. 3, pp. 219–221.
11. Yamaletdinova, K.Sh., Khaladov, A.Sh., Dudnikov, Yu.V., and Gabdullin, A.R., Estimating Efficiency of Injection Well Acid Treatment, Advances in Current Natural Sciences, 2017, no. 2, pp. 278–283.
12. Karpov, A.A., Increasing Efficiency of Highly Watercut Well Acid Treatment in Fractured–Porous Carbonate Reservoirs, Synopsis Cand. Tech. Sci. Thesis, Ufa, 2005.
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14. Kravtsov, Ya.I. and Marfin, E.A., Wave Effect on the Productive Layers as a Universal Method for Increasing the Efficiency Heavy Oils and Natural Bitumens Extraction, Georesursy, 2011, no. 3 (39), pp. 17–18.
15. Marfin, E.A., Kravtsov, Ya.I., Abdrashitov, A.A., and Gataullin, R.N., Field Tests of Wave Action on Oil Production in the Pervomaysky Field, Georesursy, 2014, no. 2 (57), pp. 14–16.
16. Kovaleva, L.A., Zinnatullin, R.R., and Shaikhislamov, R.R., On Studying the Influence of Treatment Temperature on Finite Viscosity of Oil Media, High Temperature, 2010, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 759–760.
17. Gus’kova, I.A. and Gumerova, D.M., Rheological Analyses of Thermal Effect on Properties of Oil and Produced Water-in-Oil Emulsions, Gazov. Prom., 2014, vol. S708 (708), pp. 104–106.
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FURTHER DEVELOPMENT IN ENGINEERING GEOLOGIC MAPPING OF COAL RESERVES BASED ON QUALITY LEVELS
E. V. Freidin, A. A. Botvinnik, and A. N. Dvornikova

Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management,
Novosibirsk, 630099 Russia
e-mail: evfreydina@socio.pro
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: alexbtvn@rambler.ru

The approach to further development in engineering geologic mapping of mineral reserves with respect to quality levels based on geoinformation models of deposits is substantiated. The algorithm and methods for delineation of clusters in the area of a seam using a vector index composed of simple indicators characterizing useful and harmful properties of coal are explicated. The results of new software trial are presented in the form of distribution of coal reserves for coking and power generation by quality levels and visualization of delineated clusters by means of plotting quality maps.

Quality level, three quality indicators, mineral reserves cluster, quality map, strict and soft clustering

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033822 

REFERENCES
1. Shchadov, M.I., Artem’ev, V.B., Shchadov, V.M., Gagarin, S.G., Eremin, I.V., Klimov, S.D., Lisurenko, A.V., and Netsvetaev, A.G., Prirodnyi potentsial iskopaemykh uglei. Ratsional’noe ispol’zovanie ikh organicheskogo veshchestva (Natural Potential of Fossil Coal. Efficient Use of Their Organic Substance), Part I, Moscow: Nedra commucations LTD, 2000.
2. Eremin, I.V. and Bronovets, T.M., Marochnyi sostav uglei i ratsionalnoe ikh ispolzovanie (Grade Composition and Rational Use of Coal), Moscow: Nedra, 1994.
3. Kler, V.R., Izuchenie i geologo-ekonomicheskaya otsenka kachestva uglei pri geologorazvedochnykh rabotakh (Exploration Studies and Economic Geological Estimate of Coal Quality), Moscow: Nedra, 1975.
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8. RF State Standard GOST. R. ISO 9001–2000. Quality Management System. Requirements. Moscow: Gosstandart Rossii, 2001.
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13. Khoyutanov, E.A. and Gavrilov, V.L., Information-and-Analysis Support of Integrated Coal Quality Management, GIAB, issue 23, pp. 140–147.
14. Artser, A.S. and Protasov, S.I., Ugli Kuzbassa: proiskhozhdenie, kachestvo, ispol’zovanie (Kuzbass Coal: Origin, Quality, Use), Kemerovo: KuzGTU, 1999, Book 1.
15. Koryakin, A.T., Fedotov, S.N., and Protasov, S.I., Formirovanie kachestva uglya pri otkrytoi ugledobyche (Formation of Coal Quality in Open Pit Mining), Moscow: Nedra, 1987.

TRANSFORMATION OF NATURAL SYSTEMS DISTURBED BY GOLD PLACER MINING IN THE KHABAROVSK TERRITORY
Z. G. Mirzekhanova and A. V. Ostroukhov

Institute of Water and Ecological Problems, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Khabarovsk, 680000 Russia
e-mail: lorp@ivep.as.khb.ru
e-mail: Ostran2004@bk.ru

Theoretical aspects of studying stability of natural systems depending on investigation purposes are briefly analyzed. Applicability of the watershed/landscape concept of nature management to study transformation of geosystems disturbed by gold placer mining is substantiated. In terms of a model site within the limits of the Ket-Kap cluster of placers, the data on the degree of such transformations are given, and mid- and large-scale landscape mapping is performed using the modern remote sensing techniques. The qualitative indicators of transformation degree under placer mining are given for valley nature systems depending on watershed order. The relevance of the remote sensing in estimating the degree of transformation of natural systems at objects of gold placer mining at regional and local levels is demonstrated.

Stability, natural systems, landscape analysis, wateshed appriach, gold placer minig, remote sensitng, watershed, Buor-Sala River

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033834 

REFERENCES
1. Mirzekhanova, Z.G., Mirzekhanov, G.S., and Debelaya, I.D., Tekhnogennye obrzovaniya rossypnykh mestorozhdenii zolota: resursno-ekologicheskie aspekty otrabotki (Placer Gold Mining Waste: Resource and Ecology Aspects of Mining), Khabarovsk: DVO RAN, 2014.
2. Saksin, B.G., Prognoznaya otsenka regional’nogo geokhimicheskogo vozdeistviya na okruzhayushchuyu prirodnuyu sredu dobyvayushchikh predpriyatii tsvetnoi metallurgii v usloviyakh Vostoka Rossii (Prediction Estimate of Regional Geochemical Environmental Impact of Nonferrous Metallurgy Mines in the East of Russia), Khabarovsk: IGD DVO RAN, 2012.
3. Mirzekhanova, Z.G., Analysis of Stability of Territorial Systems. Proceedings of the 16th Conference of Geographers from Siberian and the Far East of Russia, Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2011, pp. 40–43.
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5. Kalabin, G.V. and Galchenko, Yu.D., Estimation of Mining-Induced Alteration of Ecosystems by Satellite Measurement Data, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2017, no. 1, pp. 111–116.
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9. Mirzekhanova, Z.G. and Debelaya, I.D., Experience of Large-Scale Ecological Mapping (In Terms of a Gold Placer), Tikhookean. Geolog., 1999, no. 4, pp. 106–113.
10. Khorton, R.E., Erozionnoe razvitie rek i vodosbornykh basseinov. Gidrofizicheskii podkhod k kolichestvennoi morfologii (Erosion Development of Rivers and Water Catch Basins. Hydrophysical Approach to Quantitative Morphology), Moscow: IL, 1948.
11. Isachenko, A.G., Landshaftovedenie i fiziko-geograficheskoe raionirovanie (Landscape Science and Physico-Geographical Zoning), Moscow: Vyssh. Shkola, 1991.
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MINE AEROGASDYNAMICS

RESEARCH ON CHARACTERISTICS OF AIR FLOW DISORDER IN INLET SHAFTS
B. S. Nie, B. Peng, J. H. Guo, X. F. Liu, X. T. Liu, and J. S. Shen

State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,
China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083 China
e-mail: bshnie@cumtb.edu.cn
Beijing Key Laboratory for Precise Mining of Intergrown Energy and Resources,
China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083 China
Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi, 830023 China
China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Beijing, 100083 China

Airflow disorder in inlet shafts and related crossheadings, caused by local natural ventilation pressure, is a complicated thermodynamic phenomenon. The conception of local natural ventilation pressure is proposed based on a simplified ventilation system. Airflow disorder principle is analyzed theoretically and verified by similar simulation experiment and in-situ study. Research results show that local natural ventilation pressure will form when average temperature difference or density difference of air-column exists among inlet shafts in an underground mine with exhaust ventilation. When changing in a large range, local natural ventilation pressure will cause airflow disorder in inlet shafts or related crossheadings. The research results have guiding significance for promoting the stability of ventilation system and improving the working environment of underground mines.

Inlet shafts, airflow disorder, local natural ventilation pressure, similar simulation experiment; in-situ study

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033846 

REFERENCES
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15. Kazakov, B.P., Shalimov, A.V., and Semin, M.A., Stability of Natural Ventilation Mode After Main Fan Stop Pаge, Int. J. Heat Mass Tran., 2015, vol. 86, pp. 288–293.
16. Lyal’kina, G.B., and Nikolaev, A.V., Natural Draft and Its Direction in a Mine at the Preset Confidence Coefficient, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 342–346.
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MINERAL DRESSING

EXPERIMENTAL JUSTIFICATION OF LUMINOPHORE COMPOSITION FOR INDICATION OF DIAMONDS IN X-RAY LUMINESCENCE SEPARATION OF KIMBERLITE ORE
V. A. Chanturia, G. P. Dvoichenkova, V. V. Morozov, O. E. Koval’chuk, Yu. A. Podkamenny, and V. N. Yakovlev

Research Institute for Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, 111020 Russia
e-mail: dvoigp@mail.ru
Research and Exploration Company, ALROSA Group, Mirny, 678174 Russia
Yakutniproalmaz Institute, ALROSA Group, Mirny, 678174 Russia
Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Mirny, 678174 Russia

Organic and inorganic luminophores of similar luminescence parameters as diamonds are selected. Indicators, based on the selected luminophores, are synthesized. Spectral and kinetic characteristics of luminophores are experimentally determined for making a decision on optimal compositions to ensure maximum extraction of diamonds in X-ray luminescence separation owing to extra recovery of non-luminescent diamond crystals. As the components of luminophore-bearing indicators, anthracene and K-35 luminophores are selected as their parameters conform luminescence parameters of diamonds detected using X-ray luminescence separator with standard settings.

Diamonds, indicators, organic luminophore, inorganic luminophore, luminosity, X-ray luminescence, spectral and kinetic characteristics, separation

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033858 

References
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3. Shlyufman, E.M., Mironov, V.P., Gurva, L.A., and Tskhai, N.K., Condition and Perspectives of Radoimetric Diamond Separation, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2005, no. 7, pp. 102–105.
4. Chanturia, V.A., Dvoichenkova, G.P., Bunin, I.Zh., Koval’chuk, O.E., and Mironov, V.P., Experimental Assessment of Water Electrolysis Products in the Controlled Adjustment of Diamond Surface Charge, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 398–406.
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7. Makalin, I.A., Investigation into Regularities in Distribution of X-ray Luminescence Characteristics of Diamond-Bearing Materials, Candidate of Technical Sciences Thesis, Ekaterinburg, 2013.
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10. Smirnova, T.D., Metody lyuminestsentnogo analiza (Luminescence Analysis Methods), Instructional Guidelines, Saratov: Chernysh. Sarat. Gos. Univer., 2012.
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12. Menshikova, A.Yu., Pankova, G.A., Evseeva, T.G., Shabsels, B.M., and Shevchenko, N.N., Luminophore-Containing Polymer Particles: Synthesis and Optical Properties of Thin Films on their Basis, Nanotechnologies in Russia, 2012, vol. 7, April, issue 3–4, pp. 188–195.
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PHYSICAL ADSORPTION MECHANISM IN TERMS OF SULPHIDE MINERAL ACTIVATION BY HEAVY METAL IONS
S. A. Kondrat’ev and T. G. Gavrilova

Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: kondr@misd.nsc.ru

Activation of sulphides by heavy metal ions is discussed. A brief analysis of modern ideas on mechanism of activation of sphalerite, pyrite and galena by copper sulfate and lead nitrate is given. It is shown that the current technology insufficiently conforms to the experimental and practical data on activation of minerals. A new mechanism to activate mineral flotation is proposed based on the physical adsorption of collecting agents. The process allows explaining suppression of flotation under increased concentrations of an activator and flotation of sulphides without collectors. The new mechanism integrates the action of mixed potential, activation of minerals by heavy metal ions and the collectorless flotation in terms of a common theoretical framework.

Flotation, activation, heavy metal ions, physical adsorption, hydrophobization, metal xanthate precipitates, collectorless flotation, polysulphides

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033870 

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ENHANCEMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF LOW-HYDROXYETHYLATED ALKYL PHENOLS AS REGULATORS IN SELECTIVE FLOTATION OF NON-SULPHIDE MINERALS
V. A. Ivanova, G. V. Mitrofanova, and T. N. Perunkova

Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 184209 Russia
e-mail: ivanovava@goi.kolasc.net.ru

The research findings on efficiency of hardly soluble low-hydroxyethylated iso-nonylphenols as regulators of selective flotation are presented. The methods for increasing their solubility are developed, which are based on using unsaturated carboxylic acids as wedding agents for alkaline salts. It is shown that addition of such wedding agents to ethoxylated iso-nonylphenols makes it possible to obtain stable aqueous micellar solutions or emulsions under much lower temperatures, as well as ensures permanence of the process and efficiency of regulating agents in selective flotation of phosphorus-bearing ores with fatty acid collector. Efficiency of the developed methods is proved by in practical application of one of them, which improved ore dressing performance, reduced labor content, energy input and time of solution preparation, and provided considerable economic effect.

Flotation agents, phosphorus-bearing ore, selective flotation regulators, ethoxylated iso-nonylphenols, solubility, solubilization, emulsification, solution stability

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033882 

REFERENCES
1. Grigor’ev, A.V., Brylyakov, Yu.E., Ivanova, V.A, Gershenkop, A.Sh., and Shlykova, G.A., RF patent no. 2207915 S2, Byull. Izobret., 2003, no. 19.
2. Ivanova, V.A., Mitrofanova, G.V., Perunkova, T.N., Brylyakov, Yu.E., Bykov, M.E., and Kostrova, M.A., The Influence of Hardness Salts on Apatite Flotation Process Parameters, Gorny Zhurnal, 2002, no. 11–12, pp. 62–64.
3. Ivanova, V.A., and Mitrofanova, G.V., Efficiency Increase of Apatite-Bearing Ores and Man-Made Raw Materials Flotation, Proc. All-Rus. Sci. Conf. dedicated to the 50th Anniversary of MI KSC RAS: Problems and Trends of Rational and Safe Exploitation of Geo-Resources, Saint-Petersburg: Renome, 2011, pp. 546–551.
4. Ivanova, V.A., and Mitrofanova, G.V., Oxyethylated Phenols in Separation of Calcium-Bearing Minerals, Proc. Int. Conf.: Innovative Integrated and Comprehensive Mineral Processing, Plaksin’s Lectures–2013, Tomsk: TPU, 2013, pp. 473–476.
5. Kurkov, A.V., and Pastukhova, I.V., New Approaches of Flotation Agents Selection in Processing of Ores with Complex Composition, Proc. Int. Conf.: Innovations in Complex and Advanced Processing of Mineral Raw Material, Plaksin’s Lectures–2011, Ekaterinburg: Fort Dialog-Iset’, 2011, pp. 33–36.
6. Kienko, L.A., and Samatova, L.A., Improvement of Carboxylic Collectors Activity in Flotation of Finely Disseminated Carbonate-Fluorite Ores, Proc. Int. Conf.: Innovations in Complex and Advanced Processing of Mineral Raw Material, Plaksin’s Lectures–2011, Ekaterinburg: Fort Dialog-Iset’, 2011, pp. 239–242.
7. Barmin, I.S., Beloborodov, V.I., and Sedinin, D.F., Efficiency Enhancement of Flotation of Apatite with the Use of Oxyethylated Mono-Alkylphenols, GIAB, 2011, no. 4, pp. 229–231.
8. Barmin, I.S., Efficiency Enhancement of Flotation of Apatite from a Man-Made Deposit of Stockpiled Tailings, Proc. 8th Mineral Processing Congress in CIS, vol. 2, Moscow: MISiS, 2011, pp. 338–341.
9. Melik-Gaikazov, I.V., Popovich, V.F., Barmin, I.S., Beloborodov, V.I., Zakharova, I.B., Filimonova, N.M., and Andronov, G.P., RF patent no. 2342199 S1, Byull. Izobret., 2008, no. 36.
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12. Zavolzhsky, V.B., and Kotel’nikov, V.A., RF patent no. 2220279 S2, Byull. Izobret., 2001, no. 36.
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15. Tyurnikova, V.I., Kolchemanova, A.E., Bogomolov, V.M., Naumov, M.E., and Rabilizirov, M.N., Vliyanie PAV na emul’girovanie penoobrazovateley. Perarabotka mineral’nogo syr’ya (The Influence of Surfactants on Emulsification of Frothers. Mineral Processing), Moscow: Nauka, 1976.
16. Markina, Z.N., and Grakova, T.S., Solyubilizatsiya oleofil’nykh alifaticheskikh spirtov v vodnykh dispersiyakh mitselloobrazuyushchikh PAV. Fiziko-khimicheskie osnovy primeneniya poverkhnostno-aktivnykh veshchestv (Solubilization of Oleophilic Aliphatic Alcohols in Aqueous Dispersions of Micelle-Forming Surfactants. Physical and Chemical Bases of Surfactants Application), Tashkent: FAN Uzb. SSR, 1977.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF GALENA GRAIN SIZE AND COLLECTOR CONCENTRATION ON FLOTATION RECOVERY AND FLOTATION KINETICS
L. Cvetićanin, P. Lazić, and D. Vučinić

Cika Ljubina 15/6, Belgrade, Serbia
e-mail: lidijacveticanin@gmail.com
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade, Serbia

The paper presents the results of fundamental laboratory testing of the flotation recovery and the flotation kinetics of the galena related to the particle size and the concentration of collectors of potassium butyl xanthate (PBX). The results showed that the flotation recovery of galena and the flotation rate undergoes considerable reduction with a reduction in the particle size below 38 ?m as well as with a lower collector concentration. But the galena grain size has a stronger effect on the flotation recovery than the collector concentration. This is shown by an analysis of the multiple correlation between the flotation recovery of galena, the collector consumption and the particle size because partial correlation coefficients and the total correlation coefficient indicated that the dependence between the mentioned parameters is very strong.

Flotation kinetics, flotation recovery, galena particle size, collector concentration, multiple correlation

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033894 

REFERENCES
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3. Trahar, W.J., A Rational Interpretation of the Role of Particle Size in Flotation, Int. J. of Mineral Processing, 1981, vol. 8, pp. 289–327.
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6. Schulze, H.J., New Theoretical and Experimental Investigation on Stability of Bubble/Particle Aggregates in Flotation: a Theory on Upper Particle Size of Floatability, Int. J. of Mineral Processing, 1993, vol. 4, pp. 241–259.
7. Hewitt, D., Fornasiero, D., and Ralston, J., Bubble Particle Attachment Efficiency, Minerals Engineering, 1994, vol. 7, no. 5, 6, pp. 657–665.
8. Loewenberg, M., and Davis, R.H., Flotation Rates of Fine Spherical Particles and Droplets, Chemical Engineering Science, 1994, vol. 49, no. 23, pp. 3923–3941.
9. Polat, M., and Chander, S., First-Order Flotation Kinetics Models and Methods for Estimation of the True Distribution of Flotation Rate Constants, Int. J. of Mineral Processing, 2000, vol. 58, pp. 145–166.
10. Lazic, P. and Calic, N., Influence of Collector Consumption on Flotation Kinetics, 9th Balkan Conference of Mineral Processing, Istanbul, 2001, pp. 193–196.
11. Tao, D., Role of Bubble Size in Flotation of Coarse and Fine Particles, Separation Science and Technology, 2005, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 741–760.
12. Welsby, S. D. D., Vianna, S.M., and Franzidis, J.P., Assigning Physical Significance to Floatability Components, Int. J. of Mineral Processing, 2010, vol. 97, pp. 59–67.
13. Cveticanin, L., Lazic, P., Vucinic, D., and Kostovic, M., Effect of Galena Grain Size on Flotation Kinetics, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 591–595.
14. Jameson, G.J., The Effect of Surface Liberation and Particle Size on Flotation Rate Constants, Minerals Engineering, 2012, vol. 36–38, pp. 132–137.
15. Bazin, C. and Proulx, M., Distribution of Reagents Down a Flotation Bank to Improve Recovery of Coarse Particles, Int. J. of Mineral Processing, 2001, vol. 61, pp. 1–12.
16. Manojlovic-Gifing, M., Teorijske osnove flotiranja (Theory of Flotation), Beograd, 1969.
17. Vukadinovic, V.S., Elementi teorije verovatnoce i matematicke statistike, Privredni pregled (Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Elements, Economic Survey), Beograd, 1990.
18. Cveticanin, L., Lazic, P., Vucinic, D., and Knezevic, D., The Galena Flotation in Function of Grindability, J. Min. Sci., 2012, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 760–764.
19. Cveticanin, L., Influence of Galenite Volume Density on Flotation Kinetics, Doctoral Dissertation, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Rudarsko-Geoloski Fakultet, 2017.

FEATURES OF PROCESSING TIN-BEARING TAILINGS AT THE SOLNECHNY MINING AND PROCESSING PLANT
G. I. Gazaleeva, L. N. Nazarenko, V. N. Shigaeva, and I. A. Vlasov

Uralmekhanobr Institute, Yekaterinburg, 620144 Russia
e-mail: gazaleeva_gi@umbr.ru

Tin-bearing tailings of the Solnechny Mining and Processing Plant (MPP) in the Khabarovsk Territory are studied with a view to producing tin and copper concentrates. The features of the material constitution of tailings and their influence on the process flow diagram (PFD) development are described. Processability of the Solnechny MPP tailings is tested, and PFD is developed using the modern methods of disintegration, including cavitation and ultrasound. The semi-commercial-scale implementation of the proposed PFD has allowed production of copper concentrate at copper content of 18.28% and recovery of 60.48%, tin concentrate at tin content of 11.35% and recovery of 50.88%, and rejects with the tin and copper contents of 0.139 and 0.154%, respectively. The recovery of tin and copper has made 46.66 and 38.45%.

Tin minerals, polymineral composition, phase composition, disintegration degree, similar physical properties of minerals, tin concentrate, copper concentrate

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033906 

REFERENCES
1. Chanturia, V.A., Vaisberg, L.A., and Kozlov, A.P., Higher Priority Research Areas in Mineral Processing, Obogashch. Rud, 2014, no. 2, pp. 3–10.
2. Marchenko, N.V. and Alekseeva, T.V., Way of Enrichment of Stanniferous Tails, S. World (Scientific Researches), 2012, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 3–6.
3. Yusupov, T.S., Kondrat’ev, S.A., and Baksheeva, I.I., Structural-Chemical and Technological Mineral Properties of Cassiterite-Sulfide Processing Waste, Obogashch. Rud, 2016, no. 5, pp. 26–30.
4. Gazaleeva, G.I., Bratygin, E.V., Vlasov, I.A., Mamonov, S.V., Rogozhin, A.A., and Kurkov, A.V., Effect of Fine Slime on the Choice of Columbium Ore Pretreatment Flowsheets, J. Min. Sci., 2016, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 177–183.
5. Fedotov, P.K., Senchenko, A.E., Fedotov, K.V., and Burdonov, A.E., Kazakhstan Deposit Tin-Bearing Ore Processing Technology, Obogashch. Rud, 2017, no. 1, pp. 8–14.
6. Gazaleeva, G.I., Shikhov, N.V., Vlasov, I.A., and Shigaeva, V.N., The Donskoy Ore Mining and Processing Industrial Complex Chromite Tailings Retreatment Technology Development, Obogashch. Rud, 2017, no. 2, pp. 11–21.
7. Nedogovorov, D.I., Industrial Experience of Cassiterite Flotation from Slimes with Complex Composition, Byull. Tsvet. Met., 1958, no. 7, pp. 15–20.
8. Kondrat’ev, S.A., Rostovtsev, V.I., and Baksheeva, I.I., Prospects of Radiation-Thermal Treatment of Wastes of Novosibirsk Tin Works, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 334–341.
9. Korobeinikov, M.V., Bryazgin, A.A., and Bezuglov, V.V., Radiation–Thermal Treatment in Ore Dressing, IOP Conf. Series, Materials Science and Engineering, 2015, vol. 81, pp. 1–6.
10. Kondrat’ev, M.V. and Burdakova, E.A., Physical Adsorption Validity in Flotation, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 734–742.
11. Wang, H. and Lu, Sh., Modifying Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on Magnetic Property of Iron-Bearing Minerals, J. Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, 2014, no. 50 (1), pp. 79–86.

PROCESS MINERALOGY AND PRE-TREATMENT OF THE POPERECHNY DEPOSIT MAGNETITE ORE
M. A. Gurman and L. I. Shcherbak

Institute of Mining, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khabarovsk, 680000 Russia
e-mail: mgurman@yandex.ru

The study data on mineralogy and process properties of magnetite ore of the Poperechny deposit (Maly Khingan) are presented. The mineral composition, structure and texture of the ore are analyzed, and signs of its contact-metasomatic nature are determined. Two generations of magnetite are revealed. Extractability of iron at recovery of 94.39% is proved experimentally, including 78.72% to concentrate and 15.67% to middlings. Iron recovery of rougher concentrates is 40.74–42.74%. It is found that the ore contains noble metals: gold is represented by free grains 0.05–0.2 mm in size; platinum and platinoids (Os, Ir, Ru) are revealed as micronodules in magnetite jaspilite and dolomite in concentrates.

Magnetite ore, jaspilite, magnetite, magnetic and gravity separation, rougher concentrates, gold, platinum

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033918 

REFERENCES
1. Sostoyanii i ispol’zovanii mineral’no-syr’evykh resursov Rossiiskoi Federatsii v 2015 g. Ministerstvo prirodnykh resursov i ekologii: Gos. dokl. (On the State and Utilization of Mineral Resources in the Russian Federation in 2015. Natural Resource and Ecology Ministry: St. Rep.), Moscow: Mineral-Info, 2016.
2. Arkhipov, G.I., Mineral Resources in Mining Industry of the Far East, Strategicheskaya otsenka vozmozhnostei osvoeniya (Strategic Assessment of Possibility of Resource Development), Khabarovsk: IGD DVO RAN, 2017.
3. Carajas Iron Ore Mine, Mining Technology. http://mining technology.com.
4. Iron Ore, Department of Industry Innovation and Science. http:// industry.gov.au.
5. Krishna, S. J. G., Patil, M.R., Rudrappa, C., Kumar, S.P., and Ravi, B.P., Characterization and Processing of Some Iron Ores of India, J. Inst. Eng. India, Ser. D., Metallurgical & Materials and Mining Engineering, Published online 2013. https://www.researchgate.net.
6. Gzogyan, T.N. and Gzogyan, S.R., Ferruginous Quartzites from Kimkan Deposit and Their Processing, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 147–154.
7. Gurman, M.A., Aleksandrova, T.N., and Shcherbak, L.I., Investigation into Dressability of Poor Iron Ores, GIAB, 2010, no. 4, pp. 289–297.
8. Kryukov, V.G., Genetic Aspects of Maly Khingan Ancient Deposits, Proc. All-Rus. Sci. Conf. Geological Problems and Comprehensive Development of Natural Resources of East Asia, Blagoveshchensk: IGiP DVO RAN, 2014, vol. 1, pp. 111–115.
9. Moiseenko, N.V., Shchipachev, S.V., Sanilevich, N.S., and Makeeva, T.B., First Findings of Precious Metals in Khingan Manganese Ores Deposit (Poperechny Deposit), Geologiya, mineralogiya i geokhimiya blagorodnykh metallov Vostoka Rossii: novye tekhnologii perepabotki blagorodnometall’nogo syr’ya (Geology, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Precious Metals of the Eastern Part of Russia: New Technologies of Precious Metal Ore Processing), Blagoveshchensk: IGiP DVO RAN, 2005.
10. Khanchuk, A.I., Berdnikov, N.V., Cherepanov, A.A., Konovalova, N.S., Avdeev, D.V., and Zazulina, V.E., Noble Metals in Black Shales, Sutyr Suite and Kimkan Pocket, Bureinsk Massif. Tectonics and Deep Structure of Eastern Asia, Proc. 6th Kosygin Lectures: All-Russian Conf., Khabarovsk, 2009, pp. 237–240.
11. Gurman, M.A. and Shcherbak, L.I., Combination Methods of Hematite–Braunite Ore Processing, J. Min. Sci., 2018, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 126–140.

MINING ECOLOGY

ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL IMPACT IN MINING AREAS BY BIOTA RESPONSE
G. V. Kalabin

Research Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 11102 Russia
e-mail: kalabin.g@gmail.com

The timely character of using digital satellite observation data at regional and local levels for operational quantitative assessment of nature condition in the areas of mineral mining and processing activities is validated. The qualitative ecological estimates of impacts in time intervals by biota response in the area of location of several mines with different production infrastructure are presented and analyzed.

Mineral mines and processing plants, vegetable cover state, remote sensing methods, normalized difference vegetation index, production infrastructure

DOI: 10.1134/S106273911803393X

REFERENCES
1. Jensen, J.R., Remote Sensing of the Environment: An Earth Resource Perspective, Prentice Hall, 2000.
2. Bondur, V.G. and Chimitdorzhiev, T.N., Remote fiber-optic sensing of vegetation, Geodez. Aerophoto, 2008, no. 6, pp. 64–73.
3. Kalabin, G.V., Use of Remote Sensing to Assess the Environmental Setting of the Territories—Zones of Mining Complex Enterprises, Mining World Express (MWE), 2012, vol. 1, issue 1, pp. 1–7.
4. Kalabin, G.V., Ekodinamika territorii osvoeniya georesursov Rossii (Ecodynamics of Mineral Reserves Development in Russia), Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012.
5. Bartalev, S.A., Egorov, V.L., Ershov, D.V., Isaev, A.S., Lupyan, E.A., Plotnikov, D.E., and Uvarov, I.A., Satellite Mapping of Vegetation Cover in Russia by the Data of Spectroradiometer MODIS, Sovr. Probl. DZZ Kosmosa, 2011, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 285–302.
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MINING THERMOPHYSICS

METHOD FOR STIMULATING UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION
I. A. Sadovenko and A. V. Inkin

National Mining University of Ukraine, Dnipro, 49600 Ukraine
e-mail: inkin@ua.fm

The mathematical model of heat flow and transfer in roof rocks of underground gas gasifier during coal gasification is developed and tested. In terms of geological conditions in the Olkhovo-Nizhnee site (industrial region in Donbass), in Mathcad environment, convective and conductive components of heat flow from reaction channel to upper-lying aquifer are determined. The change in the heat flow from the reaction channel and in the ground water temperature is estimated depending on impermeable layer thickness and water well yield. It is found that after underground coal gasification, water-bearing sandstones accumulate more than 60% of heat migrating from gasifier to enclosing rock mass. It is shown that withdrawal and use of water heated during underground coal gasification will enhance efficiency of the process by 18–25% subject to thickness of partition layer.

Underground coal gasification, heat flow, aquifer, heated water

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033941 

REFERENCES
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4. Sadovenko, I.A. and Inkin, A.V., Substantiation of Physicochemical Parameters of Hydrocarbon Pocket Formation and Control in Underground Coal Gasification, GIAB, 2013, no. 8, pp. 275–284.
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NEW METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS IN MINING

A SIMPLE METHOD FOR MEASURING BASIC PARAMETERS OF THE COAL–METHANE SYSTEM UNDER MINING CONDITIONS
N. Skoczylas, M. Wierzbicki, and M. Kudasik

Strata Mechanics Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, 30–059 Poland
e-mail: skoczylas@img-pan.krakow.pl

The study is devoted to the methane hazard in hard coal mining. This hazard occurs in almost every coalfield in the world. Ensuring maximum work safety under methane hazard conditions is based, among other things, on reliable, fast and frequent determinations of methane content in a coal seam. The existing methods are time-consuming, and determinations must be performed in laboratories. Indirect methods such as desorbometric methods are burdened with high measurement uncertainties. The study presents a model of methane release from granular coal samples and a device (AMER) developed for measuring methane content in a coal seam under in situ conditions. Measurements are performed in a fully automatic way and preliminary results, based on the approximation of the Crank model, are available within several dozen minutes from the beginning of the measurement. Also, the use of the unipore diffusion equation and a proper software of the device allowed to determine the values of the effective diffusion coefficient. Results of measurements performed with the AMER desorbometer are highly consistent with the results of the measurements performed in the laboratory using a traditional method.

Sorption device, coalbed methane content, desorbable methane content, hard coal mining

DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118033953 

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