JMS, Vol. 54, No. 2, 2018
GEOMECHANICS
PHENOMENOLOGICAL MODEL OF ROCK DEFORMATION AROUND MINE WORKINGS
M. V. Kurlenya and V. E. Mirenkov
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: mirenkov@misd.ru
A new mechanism of rock deformation around underground mine workings is presented. The method is developed for calculating geomechanical state of rock mass; this method takes into account rock weight, the action of which coincides with the directions of tensile stresses on the mine working contour, while these directions differ in the floor. The proposed calculation method for rock deformation includes two additional parameters characterizing the ratio of mine working roof displacements to the floor displacements and the ratio of day surface displacements to roof displacements which are determined experimentally.
Mine working, phenomenological model, stresses, strain, inverse problems
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023521
REFERENCES
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ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSION OF ROCKS AFTER LARGE-SCALE BLASTS
A. A. Bespal’ko, L. V. Yavorovich, A. A. Eremenko, and V. A. Shtirts
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050 Russia
e-mail: besko48@tpu.ru
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: eremenko@ngs.ru
Gornaya Shoria Division, EVRAZRUDA, Tashtagol, Russia
e-mail: Vladimir.Shtirts@evraz.com
Physical modeling results on electromagnetic response of rock mass to low-energy impacts in the Tashtagol iron ore deposit are presented. It is found that multiple low-energy series of impacts initially increase the amplitudes of electromagnetic signals which later on decrease to the same level. This circumstance is indicative of the fact that the slowly varying levels of electromagnetic signals recorded after large-scale blasts are governed by displacements of rocks on various slip planes. The changes in the stress–strain state of rocks proceed slowly taking from units to tens of hours.
Electromagnetic emission, rock, blast, deposit, amplitude, friction
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023533
REFERENCES
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ROCK FAILURE
FEATURES OF UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION FAILURE OF BRITTLE ROCK SAMPLES WITH REGARD TO GRAIN CHARACTERISTICS
V. P. Efimov
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: efimov-pedan@mail.ru
The results are presented for uniaxial compression testing of brittle rock samples; their failure occur in the form of columnar cracking along the axis of applying the force. Test results are compared with characteristic quantities determining tensile strength. Sample failure is modeled with regard for grain characteristics, which makes it possible to estimate the ratio of compression strength to tensile strength.
Strength, crack resistance, rock failure, structural parameter, mineral grain
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023545
REFERENCES
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EFFECT OF CRYOGENIC PRE-TREATMENT ON BREAKAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCKS
R. Bisai, S. Goel, A. Hatwal, S. K. Pal, A. Majumder, and T. K. Nandi
Department of Mining Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, WB 721302, India
e-mail: rohan.bisai1@gmail.com
Cryogenic Engineering Center, IIT Kharagpur, WB 721302, India
e-mail: rohan.bisai1@gmail.com
Improvement of energy efficiency in comminution of rocks using various pretreatment methods is being explored worldwide. This paper presents experimental data on breakage characteristics of granite and sandstone using cryogenic pre-treatment. The samples were treated with varying duration of immersion in liquid nitrogen. Combined pretreatment using oven heating followed by quenching in liquid nitrogen were also explored. The results indicate that using cryogenic pretreatment uniaxial tensile strength of granite can be decreased by more than 40% while in uniaxial compressive strength about 28% reduction is possible. For sandstone as much as 33% reduction in uniaxial compressive strength was observed.
Cryogenic pre-treatment, comminution, granite, sandstone
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023557
REFERENCES
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5. Singh, V., Samuelraj, I. O., Venugopal, R., Jagadeesh, G., and Banerjee, P. K., Study the effect of electrical and mechanical shock loading on liberation and milling characteristics of mineral materials, Minerals Engineering, 2014, 70, pp. 207–216.
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15. Masri, M., Sibai, M., and Shao, J.F., Mainguy M., Experimental investigation of the effect of temperature on the mechanical behavior of tournemire shale, Int. J. of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2014, 70, pp. 185–191.
16. Shi, L. and Jinyu, X., An experimental study on the physica-mechanical properties of two post-high-temperature rocks, Engineering Geology, 2014, 185, pp. 63–70.
17. Takarli, M. and Prince-Agbodjan, W., Temperature effects on physical properties and mechanical behavior of granite: experimental investigation of material damage, J. of ASTM International, 2008, 5(3), pp. 1–13.
18. Somani, A., Nandi, T.K., Pal, S.K., and Majumder, A.K., Pre-treatment of rocks prior to comminution—A critical review of present practices, Int. J. of Mining Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 339–348.
19. Cha, M., Yin, X., Kneafsey, T., Johanson, B., Alqahtani, N., Miskimins, J., Patterson, T., and Wu, Y., Cryogenic fracturing for reservoir stimulation-laboratory studies, J. of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2014, 124, pp. 436–450.
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SCIENCE OF MINING MACHINES
IMPROVEMENT OF DOWN-THE-HOLE AIR HAMMER EFFICIENCY BY OPTIMIZING SHAPES OF COLLIDING PARTS
I. A. Zhukov, B. N. Smolyanitsky, and V. V. Timonin
Siberian State Industrial University, Novokuznetsk, 654007 Russia
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: bsmol@misd.ru
Siberian State Transport University, Novosibirsk, 630049 Russia
Design development of down-the-hole (DTH) air hammers is discussed with the aim of increasing efficiency of rock drilling. The problem is solved by making hammering piston with curvilinear frees surfaces which are in no contact with the hammer body. This ensures generation of rock-breaking impact at the minimum energy input. New designs of hammering pistons are developed for DTH air hammer models PP110EN and PP110NK designed at the Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences. Experiments prove that selection of rational shape of hammering pistons allows improving performance of DTH air hammers by 15% at the average.
Air hammer drill, hammering piston, impact, rock, failure
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023569
REFERENCES
1. Alimov, O.D., and Dvornikov, L.T., Buril’nye mashiny (Drilling Machines), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1976.
2. Begagoen, I.A., Dyadyura, A.G., and Bazhal, A.I., Buril’nye mashiny. Raschet, konstruktsii, dolgovechnost’ (Drilling Rigs. Calculations, Design, Durability), Moscow: Nedra, 1972.
3. Ivanov, K.I., Latyshev, V.A., and Andreev V. D., Tekhnika bureniya pri razrabotke mestorozhdenii poleznykh iskopaemykh (Drilling Technique for Mineral Deposits Exploitation), Moscow: Nedra, 1987.
4. Aleksandrova, E.V., and Sokolinsky, V.B., Prikladnaya teoriya i raschety udarnykh system (The Applied Theory and Calculations of the Impact Systems), Moscow: Nauka, 1969.
5. Aleksandrov, E.V., The Principal of Impact Energy Transmission, Discovery no. 13 made in USSR with priority from 30.10.1957, Byull. Izobret., 1964, no. 7.
6. Dvornikov, L.T., and Zhukov, I.A., Rational Design of Impact Systems of Technological Purpose, Vestn. SibGIU, 2012, no. 2, pp. 15–20.
7. Zhukov, I.A., Initial Foundations to Study the Influence of Pistons Shapes on the Shape of an Impact Impulse in Impact Machines, Vestn. KGTU, 2014, no. 5, pp. 25–27.
8. Zhukov, I.A., Longitudinal Vibrations of Pins in Respect to Impact Machines of Technological Purposes, Mashinostr. Inzh. Obraz., 2016, no. 1, pp. 40–49.
9. Sudnishnikov, B.V., Esin, N.N., and Tupitsyn, K.K., Issledovanie i konstruirovanie pnevmaticheskikh mashin udarnogo deystviya (Research and Design of Pneumatic Percussion Machines), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1985.
10. Smolyanitsky, B.N., Repin, A.A., Danilov, B.B., et al., Povyshenie effektivnosti i dolgovechnosti impul’snykh mashin dlya sooruzheniya protyazhennykh skvazhin v porodnykh massivakh (Increase in Efficiency and Durability of Pulse-Generation Machines for Long Hole Drilling in Rocks), B. F. Simonov (Ed.), Novosibirsk: SO RAN, 2013.
11. Repin, A.A., Smolyanitsky, B.N., Alekseev, S.E., Popelyukh, A.I., Timonin, and V.V., Karpov, V.N., Downhole High-Pressure Air Hammers for Open Pit Mining, J. Min. Sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 929–937.
12. Lipin, A.A., Belousov, A.V., and Timonin, V.V., Downhole Hammer, RF patent no. 85185, MPK E21V 4/14, Byull. Izobret., 2009, no. 21.
13. Timonin, V.V., Application of Downhole Hammers in Underground Mine Development, Gorn. Obor. Elektr., 2015, no. 2 (111), pp. 13–17.
14. Alimov, O.D., Manzhosov, V.K., and Erem’yants, V.E., Udar. Rasprostranenie voln deformatsii v udarnykh sistemakh (Percussion. Travel of Deformation Waves in Percussive Systems), Moscow: Nauka, 1985.
CALCULATION OF LIFE OF FUNCTIONAL PARTS IN THE STRUCTURE OF MINING MACHINES
O. P. Panfilova, V. S. Velikanov, I. G. Usov, E. Yu. Matsko, and I. M. Kutlubaev
Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, 455000 Russia
e-mail: halikova@inbox.ru
The issues connected with the prediction of mining machinery life are discussed. The basic index of reliability is an average life. The formulas are substantiated for calculating the average life of gear wheels, friction couple parts, shafts, and axles. The procedure proposed to estimate the life standard deviation is based on the method of linearization of functions of random variables. In this way, the life of standard parts of mining equipment can be found as random values with regard to operation conditions. Application of the procedure is exemplified by calculations of the life of a roller bearing. The calculation results are confirmed in the numerical experiment by the Monte Carlo method.
Part, life, prediction, procedure, system, links, scheme, linearization
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023570
REFERENCES
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MINERAL MINING TECHNOLOGY
SUBSTANTIATION OF PROTECTIVE CUSHION THICKNESS IN MINING UNDER OPEN PIT BOTTOM WITH THE CAVING METHODS AT UDACHNAYA PIPE
I. V. Sokolov, A. A. Smirnov, Yu. G. Antipin, I. V. Nikitin, and M. V. Tishkov
Institute of Mining, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620075 Russia
e-mail: geotech@igduran.ru
Yakutniproalmaz Institute, Mirny, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia
The results of the research aimed to substantiate parameters of loose ore and rock mass (protective cushion) formed to protect and isolate underground mines from the open pit mine at Udachnaya kimberlite pipe under mining with the caving methods are presented. The thickness of the cushion is determined based on the effect of an impact of caved rocks and the resultant air blast, and is meant to isolate aerodynamically and thermally the open pit and underground mines. The thickness of the protective cushion is calculated with regard to an increase in the depth of mining down to a level of –680 m.
Kimberlite deposit, protective rock mass, caving methods, mine ventilation, ore drawing
OI: 10.1134/S1062739118023582
REFERENCES
1. Sokolov, I.V., Smirnov, A.A., Antipin, Yu.G., and Baranovsky, K.V., Rational Design of Ore Discharge Bottom in Transition from Open Pit to Underground Mining in Udachny Mine, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 90–98.
2. Bondarenko, I.F., Khon, V.I., Nikitin, R.Ya., and Vasil’ev, A.V., The features of Technology of Drilling and Blasting Operations on the Stage of Rework of a Superdeep Kimberlite Quarry Udachny, Vzryv. Delo, 2014, no. 111/68, pp. 132–144.
3. Bondarenko, I.F., Zharikov, S.N., Zyryanov, I.V., and Shemenev, V.G., Burovzryvnye raboty na kimberlitovykh kar’erakh Yakutii (Drilling and Blasting Operations in Open Pit Kimberlite Mines in Yakutia), Ekaterinburg: IGD UrO RAN, 2017.
4. Kovalenko, A.A., and Tishkov, M.V., The Evaluation of the Udachnaya Pipe Deposit Underground Mining Using Caving System, GIAB, 2017, no. 4, pp. 117–128.
5. Sokolov, I.V., Antipin, Yu.G., and Nikitin, I.V., Basic Principles and Assessment Criteria of Technological Strategy for Underground Mining in Transition Zones, GIAB, 2017, no. 9, pp. 151–160. doi: 10.25018/0236–1493–2017–9-0–151–160.
6. Volkov, Yu.V., and Sokolov, I.V., Optimization Underground Geotechnology in the Strategy of Ore Deposits Development by Combined Mining, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2011, no. 11, pp. 41–44.
7. Savich, I.N., and Nasibullin, N.N., On Formation of a Safety Cushion in Underground Kimberlite Ores Mining, GIAB, 2004, no. 3, pp. 209–210.
8. Sokolov, I.V., Smirnov, A.A., Antipin, Yu.G., and Kul’minsky, A.S., Extraction of Udachnaya Kimberlite Pipe Reserves under Open Pit Bottom in the Severe Climate, Mining and Hydrogeological Conditions, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2011, no. 1, pp. 63–66.
9. Volkov, Yu.V., Smirnov, A.A., Sokolov, I.V., Antipin, Yu.G., and Chagovets, G.A., Protective pillow in a combined kimberlite deposit mining, Kombinirovvannaya geotekhnologiya: kompleksnoe osvoenie i sokhranenie nedr zemli: trudy mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii (Combined Geotechnology: Integrated Development and Reservation of Earth’s Crust Interior: Proc. of Int. Sci. Tech. Conf.), Magnitogorsk: MGTU, 2011, pp. 34–44.
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11. Pokrovsky, G.I., and Fedorov, S.M., Vozvedenie gidrotekhnicheskikh zemlyanykh sooruzhenii napravlennym vzryvom (The Building of Hydrotechnical Earth Structures with a Directed Blast), Moscow: Striizdat, 1971.
12. Chernigovsky, A.A., Raschet zaryadov pri massovykh vzryvakh na vybros (Calculation of Charges in Major Cast Blasting), Moscow: Nedra, 1976.
13. Tsytovich, N.A, Mekhanika gruntov (Soil Mechanics), Moscow: Vyssh. Shk., 1983.
14. Padukov, V.A., and Antonenko, V.A., Sposob otsenki vliyaniya vzryva, velichiny podvizhki i uplotneniya magazinirovannoi rudy pri otboike v zazhime. Fizika i tekhnologiya razrabotki rudnykh mestorozhdeny v Zapolyr’e (A Method of Estimation of Blasting, Movement and Compression of Shrinked Ore in Clamp Breakage. Development Physics and Technology of Ore Deposits in the Subarctic Region), Leningrad: Nauka, 1967.
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16. Imenitov, V.R, and Popov, V.V., Identification of Parameters of the Safety Cushion Over Production Tunnel Workings, Gornyi Zhurnal, 1973, no. 10, pp. 24–26.
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26. Zarovnyaev, B.N., Shubin, G.V., Vasil’ev, I.V., Kurilko, A.S., and Kaimonov, M.V., The Features of Combined Cleaning-Up of Deep Lying Diamond Pipes in Permafrost, GIAB, 2012, no. 7, pp. 189–19.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR FILLING VOIDS BETWEEN METAL FRAME SUPPORT AND ADJACENT ROCK MASS BY FOAM MATERIALS
Yu. N. Shaposhnik, A. A. Neverov, S. A. Neverov, A. I. Konurin, and D. A. Shokarev
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: nnnaa@mail.ru
Expert PRO, Ust-Kamenogorsk, 070004 Kazakhstan
The problem connected with the mine support with metal frames in unstable rock mass subjected to stoping is analyzed. In terms of the complicated geological conditions of the Orlov mine (East Kazakhstan), the application of Blok-Fil phenol resin in filling voids and domes after rock falls in the gap between the metal frames and roof is tested at the laboratory and pilot scale. It is found that owing to complete filling of voids with resin, no dynamic loads on the support due to rock falls and self-heating of ore and mine air are observed.
Support, voids, adjacent rocks–metal frame void, filling, oxidation processes, technologies, phenol resin, laboratory experiments, pilot-scale tests, safety
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023594
REFERENCES
1. Krupnik, L.A., Shaposhnik, Yu.N., Shokarev, D.A., Shaposhik, S.N., and Konurin, A.I., Improvement of Support Technology in Artemevsk Mine of Vostoktsvetmet, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1096–1102.
2. Tapsiev, A.P., and Uskov, V.A., Support Design Criteria for Mine Workings in the Zone of Influence of Stoping in Zapolyarny Mine, J. Min. Sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 680–689.
3. Martynenko, I.I., Martynenko, I.A., and Minakova, Zh.A., Influence of Unsupported Space Filling on Support Strength, GIAB, 2005, pp. 160–163.
4. Erofeev, L.M., and Miroshnikova, L.A., Povyshenie nadezhnosti krepi gornykh vyrabotok (Increasing the Reliability of Mine Workings Supports), Moscow: Nedra, 1988.
5. Maksimov, A.P., Shashenko, A.N., and Rozhko, A.N., Influence of Backfilling Quality on the Bearing Capacity of Metal Arch Support, Shakht. Str., 1987, no. 3, pp. 21–23.
6. Lugantsev, B.B., Martynenko, I.I., and Martynenko, I.A., Influence of voids behind the support on the shift of the gallery roof, Ugol’ Ukrainy, 1994, no. 10, pp. 11–12.
7. Aleksandrov, A.N., Influence of Backfilling Voids between Metal Frames on the Stability of Mines, Shakht. Str., 1986, no. 8, pp. 7–9.
8. Krupnik, L.A., Shaposhnik, Yu.N., and Shaposhnik, S.N., Experience in Introduction of Technology of Filling of the Domes with Saponific Resins at the Mines of TOO Vostoktsvetmet, Bezopasn. Trud. Prom., 2017, no. 7, pp. 38–42.
9. Klimchuk, I.V., and Malanchenko, V.M., Experience of Polymer Technologies in Mines in Russia, Gorn. Prom., 2007, no. 4, pp. 22–25.
10. Klimchuk, I.V., Implementation of New Polymeric Technologies at Coal Production Enterprises of Kuzbass, Glyukauf, 2007, no. 1 (2), pp. 88–90.
11. Klimchuk, I.V., and Malanchenko, V.M., Solution to the Safety Problems at Mining Enterprises of Russia, Glyukauf, 2008, no. 2 (3), pp. 95–97.
12. Efimov, A.I., Malanchenko, V.M., Klimchuk, I.V., et al., Implementation of New Technologies of Excavation Support at Ore Mines of the Polar Branch, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2005, no. 2., pp. 38–42.
13. Semenov, S.N., New Methods of Adjacent Rocks–Metal Frame Void Backfilling during Mining Operations and Operational Safety Increase during Elimination of Rock Fall at the Don MPP Mines, Problemy nedropol’zovaniya: materialy V Vseross. molodezhnoi nauch.-prakt. konf. (Mineral Resourses Management: Proc. All-Russian Applied Science Conference of Young People), Ekaterinburg: IGD UrO RAN, 2011.
14. Getze, E.A., Experience of Using Various Methods of Backfilling in Drifting Faces, Glyukauf, 1982, no. 1, pp. 17–19.
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18. Schroer, D., Backfilling Methods and Their Efficiency, Glyukauf, 1977, no. 15, pp. 21–24.
19. Uvarova, V.A., Methodological Background of Control of Mine Polymeric Materials Fire and Toxic Properties, Dr. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Moscow, 2016.
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21. Kovrizhnykh, A.M., Usol’tseva, O.M., Kovrizhnykh, S.A., Tsoi, P.A., and Semenov, V.N., Investigation of Strength of Anisotropic Rocks under Axial Compression and Lateral Pressure, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 831–836.
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24. Ogorodnikov, Yu.N., Ochkurov, V.I., and Maksimov, A.B., Calculation of Loadings on Arch Mine Working Support KMP-A3 at Yakovlevsky Iron Ore Deposit, Zap. Gorn. Inst., 2007, vol. 172, pp. 33–38.
25. Mirenkov, V.E., Interaction between Enclosing Rocks and Roof Support during Stoping, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 811–817.
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28. Solodyankin, A.V., and Gapeev, S.N., Numerical Modeling of the Influence of Adjustable Backfilling Parameters on Stress–Strain State of the Developing Rock Mass, Problemy gornogo dela i ekologii gornogo proizvodstva: materialy IV Mezhdunar. Nauch.-prakt. konf. (Problems of Mining Engineering and Ecology of Mining: Proc. 6th International Research to Practice Conference), 2009.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF ORES AND ROCKS IN FLAT LODE MINING
K. N. Trubetskoy, Yu. P. Galchenko, and A. S. Shuklin
IPKON, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 111020 Russia
e-mail: schtrek33@mal.ru
Resursy Albazino (Polimetal), Krasnoyarsk, 660049 Russia
e-mail: ashuklin@mirpoao.ru
The results of the experimental research into processes that take place during differently directed controlled trajectory blasting of ore and rock in underground mining of flat-dipping lodes are presented. It is found that methods for designing blast patterns should take into account both linear concentration of energy and dynamics of the increase in resistance to throw of rocks and ore in a narrow stoping area. Based on the modeling data, the throw coefficient and blasting front advance are plotted as functions of geometrical and energy characteristics of the model. It is shown that blasting and throw of ore in the stoping zone is accompanied with the effect of additional fragmentation of ore due to collision with the stope roof.
Flat-dipping lodes, mining, differently directed controlled trajectory blasting, rock mass, throw efficiency, ore mass, additional fragmentation
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023606
REFERENCES
1. Trubetskoy, K.N., and Galchenko, YU. P. Nature-Like Mining Technologies: Prospect of Resolving Global Contradictions When Developing Mineral Resources of the Lithosphere, Herald of the Russian Academy of Science, 2017, vol. 87, no. 4, pp. 378–384.
2. Galchenko, Yu.P, and Sabyanin, G.V., Problemy geotekhnologii zhil’nykh mestorozhdenii (Problems of Lode Deposits Geotechnology), Moscow: Nauchtekhlitizdat, 2011.
3. Pickering, R. G. B., Presidential address: Has the South African narrow reef mining industry learnt how to change, J. of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2007, vol. 107, pp. 557–565.
4. Buslenko, N.P., Modelirovanie slozhnykh sistem (Modeling of Complex Systems), Moscow: Nauka, 1978.
5. Drukovanny, M.F., Komir, V.M., and Kuznetsov, V.M., Deistvie vzryva v gornykh porodakh (Blast Effect in Rocks), Kiev: Nauk. Dumka, 1973.
6. Krotkov, V.V., Lobanov, D.P., Nesterov, Yu.V., and Abdul’manov, I.G., Gorno-khimicheskaya tekhnologiya dobychi urana (Mining-Chemical Technology of Uranium Extraction), Moscow: GEOS, 2001.
7. Nasonov, I.D., and Resin V. I., Modelirovanie fizicheskikh protsessov v gornom dele (Physical Processes Simulation in Mining), Moscow: AGN, 1999.
8. Trubetskoy, K.N., Galchenko, Yu.P., and Shuklin, A.S., High-Efficiency Geotechnology for Integrated Development of Flat and Inclined Lodes, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2018, no. 2, pp. 73–77.
9. Galchenko, Yu.P., Lizunkin, M.V., and Shuklin, A.S., Ecological Features of a Split Extraction in Underground Development of Shallow Lodes, Ecol. Sistem. Prib., 2012, no. 11, pp. 69–75.
ANALYSIS OF. A. GREEN TRANSPORT PLANT FOR DEEP SEA MINING SYSTEMS
W. Ma, G. Lodewijks, and D. Schott
Department of Maritime & Transport Technology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
e-mail: W.Ma@tudelft.nl
School of Aviation, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
Deep sea mining was identified in the middle of last century. However, its industrialization and commercialization today are limited in the costal mining industry due to the high mining cost and technical issues. The purpose of this paper is to analyze a green transport plan of deep sea mining systems in terms of the optimal efficiency of the rigid pipe lifting system and the total energy consumption. The deep sea mining facilities considered in this paper consist of a mineral collecting machine, a flexible hose, a rigid pipe, a grinding machine, a concentrating machine and a horizontal pipe conveyor. Centrifugal pump modelling and its working principle are researched, because it is the major transport facility. The relationship between the optimal efficiency, total energy consumption, transport loss factor, and the relating mining parameters is determined by numerical simulations and fittings under Fortran and Matlab environment, and the optimization under 1st Opt environment. The research conducted in this paper is valuable for the pre-evaluation of deep sea mining transport systems and the further realization of its industrialization and commercialization process.
Deep sea mining, green transport plan, optimal efficiency, total energy consumption, transport loss factor, centrifugal pump
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023618
REFERENCES
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6. Deepak, C.R., Shajahan, M.A., Atmanand, M.A., Annamalai, K., Jeyamani, R., Ravindran, M., Schulte, E., Handschuh, R., Panthel, J., Grebe, H., and Schwarz, W., Developmental Tests on the Underwater Mining System Using Flexible Riser Concept, The Fourth ISOPE Ocean Mining Symposium, International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, Poland, 2001.
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8. Kato, Y., Fujinaga, K., Nakamura, K., Takaya, Y., Kitamura, K., Ohta, J., Toda, R., Nakashima, T., and Iwamori, H., Deep-Sea Mud in the Pacific Ocean as a Potential Resource for Rare-Earth Elements, Nat. Geosci., 2011, vol. 4 (8), pp. 535–539.
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12. Chung, J.S., Whitney, A.K., and Loden, W.A., Nonlinear Transient Motion of Deep Ocean Mining Pipe, J. Energy Resour. Technol.-Trans. ASME, 1981, vol. 103, pp. 2–10.
13. Felippa, C.A., and Chung, J.S., Nonlinear Static Analysis of Deep Ocean Mining Pipe, Part I: Modeling and Formulation, ASME. J. Energy Resour. Technol., 1981, vol. 103, pp. 11–15.
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PENETRATION RATE AND SPECIFIC ENERGY PREDICTION OF ROTARY–PERCUSSIVE DRILLS USING DRILL CUTTINGS AND ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SELECTED ROCK UNITS
M. Z. Abu Bakar, I. A. Butt, and Y. Majeed
Geological Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
e-mail: mzubairab1977@gmail.com
Mining Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
This study discusses the prediction of penetration rate and specific energy of button bit equipped rotary–percussion drilling machines from drill cuttings and geo-mechanical properties of rocks. The operational parameters of drilling machines measured from selected locations were utilized for the calculation of specific energy of drilling operations. For this purpose three on-going hydropower projects and four active mining quarries of Pakistan were selected. The drill cuttings were further used to determine various descriptors of the chip size distribution including the coarseness index and Rosin–Rammler’s absolute size constant. A complete set of geo-mechanical rock tests were conducted in the laboratory and includes uniaxial compressive strength, Brazilian tensile strength, point load strength, Schmidt rebound hardness, P-wave velocity, dry density, porosity and brittleness indices. Regression analyses were performed to predict the penetration rate and specific energy of drilling from geo-mechanical properties of rocks. The models so developed were also validated by adopting the t-test and the F-test statistical techniques. Moreover, statistical models were also developed to evaluate penetration rate from various descriptors of the chip size distribution. Dependence of bit size on coarseness index and mean particle size was also discussed.
Penetration rate, specific energy, coarseness index, Rosin–Rammler’s constant, uniaxial compressive strength, Brazilian tensile strength, point load strength, Schmidt rebound hardness, density, porosity, P-wave velocity
DOI: 10.1134/S106273911802363X
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MINERAL DRESSING
INFLUENCE EXERTED BY ULTRASOUND PROCESSING ON EFFICIENCY OF LEACHING, STRUCTURAL, CHEMICAL, AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MINERAL COMPONENTS IN EUDIALYTE CONCENTRATE
V. A. Chanturia, V. G. Minenko, A. L. Samusev, M. V. Ryazantseva, E. L. Chanturia, and E. V. Koporulina
Academician Melnikov Research Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 111020 Russia
e-mail: Andrey63vzm@mail.ru
The investigation of influence exerted by ultrasound processing on recovery of zirconium and rare earth elements in pregnant solution of acid leaching of eudialyte concentrate is described. The methods of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and analytical scanning electron microscopy are used to study structural, chemical and morphological characteristics as well as elemental composition of minerals in eudialyte concentrate before and after acid leaching.
Eudialyte concentrate, leaching, nitric acid, ultrasound, zirconium, rare earth elements
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023641
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MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF MINERALIZED INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY PRESSURE FLOTATION
N. L. Medyanik, I. Yu. Shevelin, and S. N. Kakushkin
Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, 455000 Russia
e-mail: chem@magtu.ru
The mathematical model of treatment of mineralized mine wastewater by pressure flotation is described. The model provides information on concentration of metal substrates in each state of the process at any arbitrary time. The numerical experiments based on the model prove its reliability and accuracy.
Numerical modeling, mineralized industrial wastewater, multi-stage pressure flotation, metal substrate, complexing agent, metal substrate–agent–bubble flotation systems
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023653
REFERENCES
1. Sebba, F., Ionnaya flotatsiya (Ion Flotation), Moscow: Metallurgia, 1965.
2. Gol’man, A., Ionnaya flotatsiya (Ion Flotation), Moscow: Nedra, 1982.
3. Ksenofontov, B.S., Possibilities of Use of Ionic Flotation for Sewage Treatment, Ekologiya Prom. Proizv., 2013, no. 1 (81), pp. 25–28.
4. Ksenofontov, B.S., Ivanov, M.V., and Titov, K.V., Intensification of Sewage Treatment by Flotation by a Vibration Method, Ekologiya Prom. Proizv., 2012, no. 2, pp. 30–33.
5. Ksenofontov, B.S., Ivanov, M.V., and Bairamova, A.D., Ways of Intensification of Process of Flotation of Sewage Treatment with Vibration Use, Ekologiya Prom. Proizv., 2012, no. 1, pp. 41–44.
6. Ksenofontov, B.S. and Antonova, E.S., Models of Floatation and Accompanying Processes of Water Purification Bezopasnoct Zhiznedeyatel’nosti, 2014, no. 10, pp. 42–48.
7. Medyanik, N.L., Varlamova, I.A., and Kalugina, N.L., Features of Selection of Complexing Organic Reagents Quantum-Chemical Method for Selective Extraction of Heavy Metal Cations from Solutions, Vestnik MGTU, 2013, no. 3 (43), pp. 14–19.
8. Kurkov, A.V. and Pastukhova, I.V., Flotation as the Subject-Matter of Supramolecular Chemistry, J. Min. Sci., 2010, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 438–445.
9. Usmanova, N.F. and Bragin, V.I., Supramolecular Complex Formation with Interaction of Carboxylic Collector and Amido Acids Group Reagent in Flotation, Obogashch. Rud, 2011, no. 1, pp. 23–25.
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IMPROVEMENT OF OXIDIZING ROASTING OF MOLYBDENITE CONCENTRATE BY ADDITION OF MAGNESITE
D. P. Khomoksonova, E. S. Kashkak, and I. G. Antropova
Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, 670047 Russia
e-mail: inan@binm.ru
Tuva State University, Kyzyl, 667000 Russia
The results of the thermodynamic modeling are presented for oxidizing roasting of refractory molybdenite (MoS2) with magnesite (MgCO3). The phase and chemical compositions of the MoS2–MgCO3–O2 system and its changes are determined depending on the temperature and quantity of the additive agent. The modeling reveals feasibility of thermochemical decomposition of molybdenite with the formation of water- and soda-soluble compounds MgMoO4 and MgSO4, which is an evidence of efficiency of magnesium carbonate in the capacity of an additive agent. The optimal conditions of the thermochemical decomposition of molybdenite determined theoretically from thermodynamic calculations are proved experimentally.
Molybdenite concentrate, magnesite, thermodynamic modeling, roasting, magnesium molybdate, magnesium sulfate
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023665
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7. Saily, A., Khurana, U., Yadav, S.K., and Tandon S. N. Thiophosphinic Acids as Selective Extractants for Molybdenum Recovery from a Low Grade Ore and Spent Catalysts, Hydrometallurgy, 1996, vol. 41, pp. 99–105.
8. Olson, G.J. and Clark, T.R., Bioleaching of Molybdenite, Hydrometallurgy, 2008, vol. 93, pp. 10–15.
9. Abdollahi, H., Noaparast, M., Shafaei, S.Z., Manafi, Z., Munoz, J.A., and Tuovinen, O.H., Silver-Catalyzed Bioleaching of Copper, Molybdenum and Rhenium from a Chalcopyrite–Molybdenite Concentrate, Int. Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2015, vol. 104, no. 1–2, pp. 194–200.
10. Lasheen, T.A., El-Ahmady, M.E., Hassib, H.B., and Helal, A.S., Molybdenum Metallurgy Review: Hydrometallurgical Routes to Recovery of Molybdenum from Ores and Mineral Raw Materials, Min. Proc. Extr. Metall. Rev., 2015, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 145–173.
11. Vladimirov, L.P., Termodinamicheskie raschety ravnovesiya metallurgicheskikh reaktsii (Thermodynamic Calculations of Metallurgical Reaction Equilibrium), Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1970.
12. Belov, E.G. and Trusov, B.G., Termodinamicheskoe modelirovanie khimicheski reagiruyushchikh system (Thermodynamic Modeling of Chemically Reacting Systems), Moscow: MGTU, 2013.
EFFICIENT PHYSICOCHEMICAL TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY FOR NEPHELINE CONCENTRATES
V. S. Rimkevich, A. P. Sorokin, A. A. Pushkin, and I. V. Girenko
Institute of Geology and Nature Management, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, 675000 Russia
e-mail: igip@ascnet.ru
Amur Science Center, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, 675000 Russia
e-mail: amyrnc@ascnet.ru
The processes of physicochemical treatment of nepheline concentrates are studied theoretically and experimentally, and the optimal conditions are determined for the integrated fluoride–ammonium recovery of different useful components. The enabling innovative technology is proposed for the production of amorphous silica, alumina, red iron oxide, calcium fluoride and other marketable products.
Nepheline concentrates, physicochemical treatment, integrated recovery, enabling technology, amorphous silica, alumina, useful components
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023677
REFERENCES
1. Voitkevich, G.V. and Bessonov, O.A., Khimicheskaya evolyutsiya Zemli (Chemical Evolution of the Earth), Moscow: Nedra, 1986.
2. Sizyakov, V.M., Shmorgunenko, N.S., Smirnov, M.N., and Dantsit, S.Ya., Processes for Integrated Treatment of Alumosilica Rocks Intended for Production of Alumina and Other Products, Nefelinovoe syr’yo (Raw Nepheline Materials), Moscow: Nauka, 1981, pp. 289–309.
3. Zakharov, V.I., Kalinnikov, V.T., Matveev, V.A., and Maiorov, D.V., Khimiko-tekhnologicheskie osnovy i razrabotka novykh napravlenii kompleksnoi pererabotki i ispol’zovaniya shchelochnykh alyumosilikatov (Chemical and Technological Fundamentals and Development of Novel Trends in Integrated Processing and Utilization of Alkali Alumosicates), Apatity: KNTs RAN, 1995.
4. Matveev, V.A., Phosphoric Acid Process to Treat Nepheline-Bearing Materials, Khim. Tekhnologiya, 2008, no. 7, pp. 297–300.
5. Matveev, V.A., Perspectives to Apply Sulphuric Acid–Sulfite Process for Integrated Nepheline Processing, Tsv. Met., 2008, no. 9, pp. 47–50.
6. Makarov, D.V., Belyaevsky, A.T., Men’shikov, Yu.P., Nesterov, D.P., and Yusupov, M.F., A Study of the Mechanism and Kinetics of Interaction between Nepheline Powder and Ammonium Hydrofluoride, Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2007, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 175–180.
7. Zhang, W., Hu, Z., Liu, Y., Chen, H., Gao, S., and Gaschnig, R.M., Total Rock Dissolution Using Ammonium Bifluoride (NH4HF2) in Screw-Top Teflon Vials: a New Development in Open-Vessel Digestion, Anal. Chem., 2012, vol. 84, no. 24, pp. 10686–10693.
8. Rimkevich, V.S., Sorokin, A.P., and Girenko, I.V., Fluoride Technique to Process Cyanidte Concentrates with Integrated Recovery of Valuable Components, GIAB, 2014, no. 7, pp. 137–147.
9. Khalil, N.M., Agila, R., Othman, H.A., and Ewais, E.M., Improvement of the Extraction Efficiency of Nanosized Alumina from Libyan Clay, InterCeram, International Ceramic Review, 2009, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 388–393.
10. Gulyuta, M.A., Andreev, V.A., Buinovsky, A.S., et al., Research of Activation of Persistent Uranium Ores by Ammonium Fluoride Solutions, Izv. TPU, 2014, vol. 324, no. 3, pp. 53–59.
11. Rimkevich, V.S., Sorokin, A.P., Pushkin, A.A., and Girenko, I.V., Integrated Processing Technology for Calcium-Bearing Alumosilicate Raw Material, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 762–770.
12. Khimicheskaya tekhnologiya neorganicheskikh veshchestv (Chemical Technology of Inorganic Matter): Manual, ed. Akhmetova T. G., Moscow: Vyssh. Shkola, 2002.
13. Melent’ev, G.B. and Delitsyn, L.M., Nepheline as Unique Raw Mineral-and-Chemical Material of the XXI Century: Mineral Resource and Environmental Challenges and Priorities in their Solution, Ekol. Prom. Proizv., 2004, no. 2, pp. 51–68.
14. Cherkasov, G.N., Prusevich, A.M., and Sukharina, A.M., Neboksitovoe alyuminievoe syr’yo Sibiri (Non-bauxite Aluminium-Bearing Material Reserves in Siberia), Moscow: Nedra, 1988.
15. Kratky spravochnik fiziko-khimicheskikh velichin (Concise Critical Tables), ed. Ravdel’ A.A. and Ponomareva A. M., Leningrad: Khimiya, 1983.
16. Lidin, R.A., Andreeva, L.P., and Molochko, V.A., Spravochnik po neorganicheskoi khimii (Inorganic Chemistry Reference Book), Moscow: Khimiya, 1987.
17. Stromberg, A.G. and Semchenko, D.P., Fizicheskaya Khimiya (Physical Chemistry), Moscow: Khimiya, 1999.
18. Demyanova, L.P., Rimkevich, V.S., and Buynovskiy, A.S., Elaboration of Nanometric Amorphous Silica from Quartz-Based Minerals Using the Fluorination Method, J. of Fluorine Chemistry, 2011, Vol. 132, no. 12, pp. 1067–1071.
19. D’yachenko, A.N. and Kraidenko, R.I., Fluorine-Ammonium Process to Separate Silicon–Iron–Copper–Nickel Concentrate into Discrete Oxides, Izv. TPU, 2007, vol. 311, no. 3, pp. 38–41.
MINING ECOLOGY AND EXPLOITATION OF THE EARTH’S BOWELS
RECOVERY OF TUNDRA ECOSYSTEM AFTER CLOSURE OF THE VALKUMEI MINE IN CHUKOTKA
G. V. Kalabin, V. I. Gornyi, T. A. Davidan, S. G. Kritsuk, and A. A. Tronin
Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 111020 Russia
e-mail: kalabin.g@gmail.com
Scientific Research Center for Ecological Safety, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, 197110 Russia
e-mail: v.i.gornyy@mail.ru
Applicability of local and regional scale satellite images in evaluation of vegetation in tundra in the zones of mining in permafrost area is proved. The research results on the environmental impact of the Valkumei Mine, Chukotka Autonomous Region, after its closure are described and analyzed.
Satellite monitoring, tundra vegetation, ecosystem, vegetation index, cryolithic zone, mines
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023689
REFERENCES
1. Kalabin, G.V., Use of Remote Sensing to Assess the Environmental Setting of the Territories–Zones of Mining Complex Enterprises, Mining World Express (MWE), 2012, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–7.
2. Kalabin, G.V., Ecodynamics in Areas of Georesources Development in Russia, Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012.
3. Gosudarstvennaya programma. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoe razvitie Arkticheskoi zony Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Socio-Economic Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation), Government Decree, dated 31.08.2017, no. 1064.
4. Chestnykh, O.V., Lopes de Gerenyu, V.O., The Post-Fire Changes of Carbon Cycle in the Subarctic Tundra in North-East of European Russia, Abstracts of Papers, 2-oi Mezhdunarod. Conf., Emissiya i stok parnikovykh gazov na territorii severnoi Evrazii (2nd Int. Conf., Emission and Sink of Greenhouse Gases on the Northern Eurasia Territory), Pushchino, 2003, pp. 124–125.
5. Chukotka Autonomous District. Available at: https://www.investinregions.ru/en/regions/chukotka/ (Accessed 15 September 2017).
6. Peveksky Mining and Processing Plant. Available at: http://www.mining-enc.ru/p/pevekskij-gorno-obogatitelnyj-kombinat/ (Accessed 15 September 2017)
7. Sevryukov, N.N., Tin, Gornaya entsiklopedia (Mining Encyclopedia), vol. 3, Moscow, 1969.
8. Prirodnye resursy i ecologiya Rossii, Federal’ny atlas (Natural Resources an Ecology of Russia, Federal Atlas), Moscow, 2002.
9. Bartalev, S.A., Egorov, V.A., Zharko, V.O., Lupyan, E.A., Plotnikov, D.E., Khvostikov, S.A., and Shabanov, N.V., Sputnikovoe kartografirovanie rastitel’nogo pokrova Rossii (Satellite Mapping of Russia’s Vegetation Cover), Moscow: IKI RAN, 2016.
10. Zamolodchikov, D.G., Karelin, D.V., and Ivashchenko, A.I., Postfire Alterations of Carbon Balance in South Tundras, Ekologiya, 1998, no. 4, pp. 271–276.
11. Racine, C.H., Tundra Fire Effects on Soils and Three Plant Communities Along a Hill-Slope Gradient in the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, Arctic., 1981, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 71–84.
GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE MALYI KHINGAN RIDGE AREA USING LAND SURFACE REMOTE SENSING DATA
V. I. Usikov and L. N. Lipina
Institute of Mining, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khabarovsk, 680000 Russia
e-mail: v-i-usikov@yandex.ru
The spotlight is on the use of Earth remote sensing data in geoecological assessment of the Malyi Khingan Ridge area in the Far East. Based on the analysis of satellite observations over the Sutara gold placer mining range, the time variation of the disturbed land is determined. It is found that natural recovery of bio-geo-cenosis takes an active part in the process. Using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the behavior and rates of self-healing of the disturbed lands are assessed. Complete recovery of vegetation in gold placer mining areas up to a level comparable with the adjacent territories takes 7 to 10 years.
Earth remote sensing, satellite images, gold placer mining cluster, normalized difference vegetation index, self-healing
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023690
REFERENCES
1. Bolsunovsky, M.A., Perspective Directions of Space Earth Remote Sensing Development, Geomatika, 2009, no. 2, pp. 12–15.
2. Nosenko, Yu.I., Loshkarev, P.A., Joint Spatially Distributed Earth Remote Sensing Information System–problems, solutions, perspectives , P. 1, Geomatika, 2010, no. 3, pp. 35–42.
3. Isaev, A.S., Bartalev, S.A., and Lupyan, E.A., Earth Observations from Satellites as a Unique Instrument to Monitor Russia’s Forests, Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2014, vol. 84, no. 12, pp. 413–419.
4. Zol’nikov, I.D., Balandin, V.A., and Boguslavsky, A.E., Data Bank and Geodata Geo-Environment of Novosibirsk, Engineering and Geological Problems of Urbanized Territories: Int. Conf. Proc., vol. 2, Ekaterinburg: Akva-Press, 2001.
5. Oparin, V.N., Potapov, V.P., Giniyatullina, O.L., Andreeva, N.V., Schastlivtsev, E.L., and Bykova, A.A., Evaluation of Dust Pollution of Air in Kuzbass Coal-Mining Areas in Winter by Data of Remote Earth Sensing, J. Min. Sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 549–558.
6. Fiziko-geograficheskoe raionirovanie SSSR. Kharakteristika regional’nykh edinits (Physical-Geographical Regionalization of the USSR. Regional Units Characteristics), Gvozdetsky, N.A., Ed., Moscow: Izd. MGU, 1968.
7. Fetisov, D.M., Anthropogenic Changes of Natural Landscapes in the Russian Part of the Lesser Khingan, Vestn. DVO RAN, 2008, no. 3, pp. 51–57.
8. Kapel’kina, L.P., Natural Revegetation and Remediation of Disturbed Lands of the North, Usp. Sovr. Estest., 2012, no. 11 (1), pp. 98–102.
9. Borzuchowski, J., Schulz, K., Retrieval of Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Soil Water Content (WC) Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Under Controlled Glass House Conditions for Spring Barley and Sugar Beet, Remote Sensing, 2010, vol. 2, no. 7, pp. 1702–1721.
10. Chadra, A.M., Gosh, G.S., Distantsionnoe zondirovanie i geograficheskie informatsionnye sistemy (Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems), Moscow: Tekhnosfera, 2008.
11. Cherepanov, A.S., Vegetation Indices, Geomatika, 2011, no. 2, pp. 98–102.
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13. Mesyats, S.P., Volkova, E.Yu., Fundamental Regulations for the Strategy of Returning the Damaged Lands from Man-Made Landscapes to Biospheric Fund, GIAB, no. S4–13, pp. 3–11.
14. Ozaryan, Yu. A., Integrated Assessment of Technogenic Wasteland of Komsomolsk Mining District Using Vega Satellite Service, Sovr. Prob. Dist. Zond. Zem. Kosm., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 70–78.
15. Chibrik, T.S., El’kin, Yu.A., Formirovanie fitotsenozov na narushennykh promyshlennost’yu zemlyakh (Formation of Plant Communities on Disturbed Industry Lands), Sverdlovsk: Izd. Ural. Univer., 1991.
SELECTION OF BINDING AGENTS FOR DUST PREVENTION AT TAILINGS PONDS AT APATITE–NEPHELINE ORE PROCESSING PLANTS
V. A. Masloboev, A. V. Svetlov, O. T. Konina, G. V. Mitrofanova, A. V. Turtanov, and D. V. Makarov
Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 184209 Russia
e-mail: masloboev@admksc.apatity.ru
Institute of the Industrial Ecology Problems of the North, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Apatity, 184209 Russia
Orika CIS, Kirovsk, 184250, Russia
Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 184209 Russia
Apatit, Kirovsk, 184250 Russia
The methods of deactivation and reclamation of tailings ponds are studied. The engineering-geological investigations of apatite–nepheline ore flotation tailings in the sites applied with chemicals at ANOF2 processing plant of Apatit Company are carried out. The monitoring of the bonding surface generated by dust suppression agents Alcotact DS1, Dustbind and Floset S44 is performed. The physical properties and the aggressive action resistance, as well as the effect of suppression agent feed in recycling water on the apatite–nepheline ore flotation performance are tested on a laboratory scale. The Dustbind is recommended as the optimal suppression.
Apatite–nepheline ore flotation tailings, dust suppression, tailings pond surface bonding, binding agents
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023702
REFERENCES
1. Reports on Condition and Control of the Environment of the Murmansk Region in 1997–2016. Available at: https://gov-murman.ru/region/environmentstate/ (Accessed 10 December 2017).
2. Priimak, T.I., Zosin, A.P., Fedorenko, Yu.V., Koshkina, L.B., and Kalabin, G.V., Ekologicheskie aspekty protsessov geokhimicheskoi transformatsii khvostov obogashcheniya apatito-nefelinovykh rud Khibinskogo mestorozhdeniya (Ecological Aspects of Geochemical Transformation Processes of Apatite–Nepheline Ore Flotation Tailings of the Khibinsk Deposit) Apatity: KNTs RAN, 1998.
3. Masloboev, V.A., Baklanov, A.A, Mazukhina, S.I., Regina, O.Yu., and Amosov, P.V., Numerical Modeling of Dusting Processes in ANOF-2 Tailings Impoundment, Vestn. MGU, 2014, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 376–384.
4. Masloboev, V.A., Baklanov, A.A, and Amosov, P.V., Results of Evaluation of Tailings Dumps Dust Intensity, Vestn. MGU, 2016, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 13–19.
5. Amosov, P.V., Baklanov, A.A., and Masloboev, V.A., The Results of the Assessment of the Atmosphere Pollution under the Tailing Storages Dusting (on the Basis of 3D Modeling), Gornyi Zhurnal, 2017, no. 6, pp. 87–94.
6. Mikhailova, T.L., Khokhryakov, A.V., Rational Land Use in Nonferrous Metallurgy, Gornyi Zhurnal, 1993, no. 6, pp. 97–137.
7. Panov, S.N., Butakov, O.N., and Atavina, T.M., Tailings Ponds: Bioligical Immobilization and Accelerated Recultivation, Ekol. Proizv., 2014, no. 11, pp. 58–61.
8. Pereverzev, V.N., Podlesnaya, N.I., Biologicheskaya rekul’tivatsiya promyshlennykh otvalov na Krainem Severe (Biological Reclamation of Industrial Dumps in the Far North), Apatity: KF AN SSSR, 1986.
9. Mesyats, S.P., Volkova, E.Yu., Basic Provisions of the Strategy of Returning Disturbed Land of Technogenic Landscapes of the Biosphere Foundation, GIAB, 2014, no. 12, pp. 3–11.
10. Lychagin, E.V., Sinitsa, I.V., Improvement of the Dust-Forming Surfaces Consolidation Methods, GIAB, 2007, no. 8, pp. 136–140.
11. Bruev, V.P., Mikhailovsky GOK Ramps Up Production, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2004, no. 1, pp. 25–28.
12. Melent’ev, V.A., Kolpashnikov, N.P., and Volnin, B.A., Namyvnye gidrotekhnicheskie sooruzheniya (Upstream Hydraulic Structures), Moscow: Energiya, 1973.
13. Kretinin, A.V., Borisov, V.G., and Zhushman, V.N., Method for Suppressing Dust at the Existing Tailings, Tsvet. Metallurg., 1988, no. 3, pp. 55–57.
14. Nemirovsky, A.V., Development of the Method of the Upstream Wind-Resistant Tailings Dump, Thesis of Cand. Tech. Sci., Moscow, 2016.
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16. Kichigin, E.V., Tikunova, I.V., and Deineka, L.A., RF patent no. 2137923, Byull. Izobret., 1999, no. 26.
17. Perepelitsyn, A.I., Mochalov, V.I., and Shmigirilov, V.I., RF patent no. 2148720, Byull. Izobret., 2000, no. 13.
18. Brauner, E.N., Physical and Chemical Justification of the Efficiency Increase of the Dust-Forming Surfaces Consolidation Methods at Sites objects of the Transbaikal Mining Complex, Dr. Sci. (Eng.) Dissertation, Chita, 2000.
19. Ushakov, V.V., Brauner, E.N., RF patent no. 2151301, Byull. Izobret., 2000, no. 17.
20. Devi, R. M., Madhavan, N., Adhavan, N., Bhattacharyya, A., and Arumugam, N., Patent no. WO2013108057 A1, 2013.
21. Lobanov, F.I., Chukalina, E.M., Kozlov, L.N., Globa, E.Yu., Kaplunov, Yu.V., and Kaplunov, Yu.V., RF patent no. 2513786, Byull. Izobret., 2014, no. 11.
22. Sergeev, S.V., Sinitsa, I.V., and Lychagin, E.V., RF patent no. 2303700, Byull. Izobret., 2007, no. 21.
23. Sinitsa, I.V., Development and Research of Parameters of the Dust-Forming Tailings Dump Surfaces Consolidation Method, Thesis of Cand. Tech. Sci., Tula, 2008.
24. Shuvalov, Yu.V., Pashkevich, M.A., Kovshov, V.P., Smirnov, Yu.D., Malyshkin, M.M., and Shcherbo, A.S., RF patent no. 2407891, Byull. Izobret., 2010, no. 36.
25. Myazin, V.P., Babello, V.A., Ofitserov, V.F., and Khodkevich, D.V., RF patent no. 2175065, Byull. Izobret., 2001, no. 29.
26. Bruev, V.P., Mineev, V.I., Spiridonov, Yu.S., Kichigin, E.V., and Petrichenko, V.P., RF patent no. 2272147, Byull. Izobret., 2006, no. 8.
27. Strizhenok, A.V., Ecological Safety Management of the Upstream Human-Made Massifs of JSC Apatit in the Course of Their Formation, Dr. Tech. Sci., Dissertation, Saint Petersburg, 2015.
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MINING THERMOPHYSICS
COMBUSTION OF FINE DISPERSED DUST-GAS-AIR MIXTURES IN UNDERGROUND WORKINGS
S. V. Cherdantsev, Li Hi Un, Yu. M. Filatov, D. V. Botvenko, P. A. Shlapakov, and V. V. Kolykhalov
VostNII Science Center for Safety in the Mining Industry, Kemerovo, 650002 Russia
e-mail: svch01@yandex.ru
Stationary-state combustion of fine dispersed dust–gas–air mixtures in underground workings is considered. Under the assumption that the single source of heat emission is the carbon oxidation reaction, the second-order nonlinear differential equation is obtained for the determination of temperature and the initial conditions are formulated. The analysis of the solution shows that there exist critical values of the dust–gas–air mixture flow velocity, and the excess over these critical values may result in the mixture combustion. The cross-section of mine working is related with the temperature reached in this cross section.
Underground workings, fine dispersed dust–gas–air mixtures, heat conduction equation, combustion zone, convection, Arrhenius equation, kinetic domain, eigen values, eigen functions
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023714
REFERENCES
1. Frank-Kamenetsky, D.A., Diffuziya i teploperedacha v khimicheskoi kinetike (Diffusion and Heat Transfer in Chemical Kinetics), Moscow: Nauka, 1987.
2. Kantorovich, B.V., Osnovy teorii goreniya i gazifikatsii tverdogo topliva (Foundation of the Theory of Solid Fuel Combustion and Gasification), Moscow, 2013.
3. Zel’dovich, Ya.B., Barenblatt, G.I., Librovich, V.B., and Makhviladze, G.M, Matematicheskaya teoriya goreniya i vzryva (The Mathematical Theory of Combustion and Explosions), Moscow: Nauka, 1980.
4. Smirnov, N.N., Zverev, I.N., Geterogennoe gorenie (Heterogeneous Combustion), Moscow: MGU, 1992.
5. Spolding, D.B., Gorenie i massoobmen (Russian Translation) (Combustion and Mass Transfer), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1985.
6. Ju, Y., Maruta, K., Microscale Combustion: Technology Development and Fundamental Research, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2011, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 669–715.
7. Bekdemir, C., Somers, B., and de Goey, P., DNS with Detailed and Tabulated Chemistry of Engine Relevant Igniting Systems, Combustion and Flame, 2014, vol. 161, no. 1, pp. 210–221.
8. Sidorov, A.E., Shevchyuk, V.G., and Kondrat’ev, E.N., Conductive-Radiative Model of a Laminar Flame in Dust Suspensions, Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 2013, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 257–263.
9. Fedorov, A.V., Ignition of Gaseous Suspensions in an Interacting Continuum Regime, Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 1998, vol. 34, no. 4. pp. 418–425.
10. Krainov, A.Yu., Self-Ignition of a Two-Component Gas Suspension, Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 1999, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 468–475.
11. Vasil’ev, A.A., Vasil’ev, V.A., Calculated and Experimental Parameters of Combustion and Detonation of Mixtures Based on Methane and Coal Dust, Vest. Nauch. Tsentr. Bezop. Rab. Ugol. Prom., 2016, no. 2, pp. 8–39.
12. Oparin, V.N., Kiryaeva, T.A., Gavrilov, V.Yu., Tanashev, Yu.Yu., and Bolotov, V.A, Initiation of Underground Fire Sources, J. Min. Sci., 2016, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 576–592.
13. Oparin, V.N., Theoretical Fundamentals to Describe Interaction of Geomechanical and Physicochemical Processes in Coal Seams, J. Min. Sci., 2017, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 201–215.
14. Chanyshev, A.I., A Method to Determine a Body’s Thermal State, J. Min. Sci., 2012, vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 660–668.
15. Lykov, A.V., Teplomassoobmen (Heat and Mass Transfer), Moscow: Energiya, 1978.
16. Pontryagin, L.S., Obyknovennye differentsial’nye uravneniya (Ordinary Differential Equations), Moscow: Nauka, 1974.
17. Samarsky, A.A., Gulin, A.V., Chislennye metody (Numerical Methods), Moscow: Nauka, 1989.
18. Lindenau, N.I., Maevskaya, V. M. Vakhrusheva, E.S., et al., Katalog ugley SSSR, sklonnykh k samovozgoraniyu (Directory of Coal of the USSR, Prone to Spontaneous Combustion), Moscow: Nedra, 1982.
NEW METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS IN MINING RESEARCH OF OPERATING MODE AND GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF COMBINATION UNIT CUTTER IN INITIATING SLOTTING
P. V. Sazhin
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: pavel301080@mail.ru
The structure diagram and operation of a combination unit for drilling and initiating slotting are presented. The loads on the cuttier during initiating slotting are calculated, and the rational operating mode of the hybrid unit is determined.
Interval hydraulic fracturing, combination unit, cutter, initiating slot
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023726
REFERENCES
1. Kishin, V.I., Kurlenya, M.V., and Pisarenko, M.V., Improvement of Geotechnologies and Rock Mass Condition Management Based on Hydraulic Fracturing, GIAB, 2013, no. 6, pp. 23–35.
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NEW METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS IN MINING PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION OF THE RADIOISOTOPE GAMMA ALBEDO METHOD FOR CONTROLLING QUALITY OF VARIABLE COMPOSITION COALS
Yu. N. Pak and D. Yu. Pak
Karaganda State Technical University, Ministry of Education and Science,
Republic of Kazakhstan, Karaganda, 100027 Republic of Kazakhstan
e-mail: pakgos@mail.ru
The variant of the gamma albedo method is proposed for the radioisotope express control of coal ash content, which ensures the satisfactory accuracy under conditions of variable elemental composition of coal. It is shown that the integral intensity of the secondary (scattered and fluorescent) radiation weakened by filter of certain thickness is a univocal index of coal ash content. The analytical model for the optimization of the secondary radiation filtration parameters is developed. The utility value of the weakening filter is determined as function of ash content and composition of coal.
Ash content control, gamma albedo method, integral intensity of secondary radiation, filter thickness optimization
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739118023738
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