JMS, Vol. 52, No. 4, 2016
GEOMECHANICS
EXPERIMENTAL TEST OF DIRECTIONAL HYDRAULIC FRACTURING TECHNIQUE
S. V. Serdyukov, M. V. Kurlenya, A. V. Patutin, L. A. Rybalkin, and T. V. Shilova
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: ss3032@yandex.ru
The article reports the data of a lab test of directional hydraulic fracturing carried out on a block made of organic glass. A fracture across a hole is created by means of additional shearing stress applied to the hole walls within the interval of the fracture. It is found that seismic emission under hydraulic fracturing appears after the fracture completion.
Rock mass, borehole, directional hydraulic fracturing, transverse fracture, seismic emission
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116040998 REFERENCES
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6. Azarov, A.V., Kurlenya, M.V., Patutin, A.V., and Serdyukov, S.V., Mathematical Modeling of Stress State of Surrounding Rocks around the Well Subjected to Shearing and Normal Load in Hydraulic Fracturing Zone, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1063–1069.
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RECONSTRUCTION OF 3D STRESS FIELD IN COAL–ROCK MASS
BY SOLVING INVERSE PROBLEM USING TOMOGRAPHY DATA
L. A. Nazarova, L. A. Nazarov, and M. I. Protasov
Institute of Integrated Mineral Development–IPKON, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Kryukovskii tupik 4, Moscow, 111020 Russia
e-mail: lanazarova@ngs.ru
The theoretically evaluated multi-disciplinary approach enables determination of stress state of a coal–rock mass in the area of coal cutting using a package of geomechanical and geophysical information. The approach is based on successive solutions of two inverse problems in the framework of a geomechanical model: coal-bed tomography and assessment of horizontal components of external stress field. The numerical experiments demonstrate resolvability of the inverse problems given appropriate monitoring system ensures sufficient seismic coverage of a coal-bed in the domain of steep spatial gradients of elastic waves and the presence of regular composition in the frequency range of the order of hundreds of hertz in the sounding signal generated by a cutter–loader and/or other coal-face work machinery.
Coal–rock mass, 3D geomechanical model, stress field, tomography, inverse problem, objective function, finite element method
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041010 REFERENCES
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NUMERICAL MODELING OF ELASTIC ENERGY ACCUMULATION
AND RELEASE IN STRUCTURALLY HETEROGENEOUS GEOMATERIALS
S. V. Lavrikov and A. F. Revuzhenko
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: lvk64@mail.ru
The approach to numerical modeling of specimen loading considered by the authors using the discrete element method enables describing ability of rocks to accumulate and release elastic energy. The model specimen is a package of particles characterized by viscoelastic interaction with dry friction. The outer layer particles are connected by elastic springs. On the whole, the model specimen is an element of a medium capable of accumulating a part of energy of deformation in the form of internal self-balanced stresses. Numerical modeling of the specimen compression is performed, and the accumulated energy is assessed. It is shown that clusters form in the medium, and sliding along the boundaries of these clusters causes discontinuities in deformation curve. Also, the discontinuities are possible under stress relaxation after unitary dynamic effect on the specimen. There is a good agreement between the numerical and experimental results.
Geomaterial, self-balanced stresses, elastic energy accumulation and release, numerical modeling, discrete elements
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041022 REFERENCES
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Model Equivalent to a Specified Discrete Element Model, Physical Mesomechanics, 2013, vol. 16,
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DOI: 10.1063/1.4932811.
NANORANGE MECHANICAL AND FRACTAL PROPERTIES OF ROCK SALT CRYSTAL SURFACE AND THEIR EFFECT ON FRACTURE TOUGHNESS
AND WETTABILITY
V. N. Aptukov and V. Yu. Mitin
Perm State University,
ul. Bukireva 15, Perm, 614990 Russia
e-mail: aptukov@psu.ru
Ural Research and Development Institute of Halurgy,
ul. Sibirskaya 94, Perm, 614002 Russia
The scope of the studies embraces statistical and mechanical properties of surface of different kind crystals of salt rocks. Fractal dimension, hardness and elasticity moduli of such crystals are determined. The article gives estimates of fracture toughness and wettability of salt rock crystals as function of fractal dimension of the crystal surface microrelief.
Salt rock crystals, fractal dimension, nanoindentation, hardness, elasticity modulus, fracture toughness, wettability
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041034 REFERENCES
1. Kuznetsov, P.V., Petrakova, I.V., and Shraiber, Yu., Fractal Dimension as a Fatigue Characteristic of Metal Polycrystals, Fiz. Mezomekh., 2004, vol. 7, Special issue 1, pp. 389–392.
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5. Aptukov, V.N. and Skachkov, A.P., Assessment of Microchemical Characteristics of Rock Salt, Sylvinite and Carnallite on NanoTest-600 Machine, Vestn. Nizhegorod. Univer., 2011, no. 4 (2), pp. 372–374.
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7. Aptukov, V.N. and Mitin, V.Yu., Comparative Charañterization of Surface Roughness of Sylvite, Spathic Salt and Carnallite Grains in Nanorange, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 44–51.
8. Aptukov, V.N., Mitin, V.Yu., Moloshtanova, N.E., and Morozov, I.A., Nano-Range Mechanical Characteristics of Carnallite, Spathic Salt and Sylvite, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 382–387.
9. Aptukov, V.N., Mitin, V.Yu., and Morozov, I.A., Fractal and Mechanical Properties of Simple Salt Crystals in Nanorange, Vestn. Perm. Univer., 2014, no. 4(27), pp. 16–21.
10. Aptukov, V.N., Mitin, V.Yu., and Skachkov, A.P., Surface Roughness of Sparry Halite Crystals on Micro- and Nano-Scale, Vestn. Perm. Univer., 2014, no. 1(24), pp. 25–30.
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13. Zhuravkov, M.A. and Romanova, N.S., Determination of Mechanical Properties of Geomaterials Based on Nano-Indentation Tests and Fraction Order Models, J. Min. Sci., 2016, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 207–217.
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ROCK FAILURE
MODELING FRACTURE GROWTH UNDER MULTIPLE HYDRAULIC FRACTURING USING VISCOUS FLUID
I. V. Kolykhalov, P. A. Martynyuk, and E. N. Sher
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: ikolykhalov@mail.ru
Under computational investigation is the process of sequential growth of hydrofractures under conditions of plane strain. The working fluid is perfect and viscous. The authors analyze influence exerted on parameters and trajectories of growing fractures by spacing of the fractures, external compression field, fluid flow rate, fluid viscosity and leakage flow rate.
Multiple-interval hydraulic fracturing, hydrofracture, rock pressure, fluid viscosity, leakage flow rate
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041058 REFERENCES
1. Grigor’ev, G.A. and Afanas’eva, T.A., Prospects for Commercial-Scale Development of Nonconventional Gas Resources in Russia, Neftegaz. Geolog. Teor. Prakt. 2012, vol. 7, no. 2. Available at: http://www.ngtp.ru/rub/9/29_2012.pdf.
2. Salimov, O.V., Nasybullin, A.V., and Salimov, V.G., Influence of the Multiple Fractures in the Far-Field Zone on the Hydraulic Fracturing Efficiency, Neftepromysl. Delo, 2010, no. 10, pp. 24–27.
3. Ushakov, A.S. and Samoilov, A.S., Analysis of Hydrofracturing Results in Horizontal Reservoirs of Surgutneftegaz Deposits, Proceedings of Academician Usov International Symposium, Toms, 2010.
4. Kresse, O., Weng, X., et al., Numerical Modeling of Hydraulic Fractures Interaction in Complex Naturally Fractured Formations, Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2013, vol. 46, issue 3, pp. 555–568.
5. Rahman, M.M., Hossain, M.M., et al., Analytical, Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Transverse Fracture Propagation from Horizontal Wells, J. of Petroleum Science & Engineering, 2002, vol. 35, pp. 127–150.
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8. Linkov, A.M., Numerical Modeling of Fluid Flow and a Hydraulically Induced Fracture Propagation, J. Min. Sci., 2008, no. 44, no. 1, pp. 24–42.
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10. Sher, E.N. and Kolykhalov, I.V., Propagation of Closely Spaced Hydraulic Fractures, J. Min. Sci., 2011, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 741–750.
11. Savruk, M.P., Dvumernye zadachi uprugosti dlya tel s treshchinami (2D Elasticity Problems for Bodies with Fractures), Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1981.
12. Martynyuk, P.A., Features of Hydraulic Fracture Growth in the Compression Field, J. Min. Sci., 2008,
vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 544–553.
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14. Sher, E.N. and Kolykhalov, I.V., Determination of Hydrofracture Geometry in a production Reservoir, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 81–87.
GEOPHYSICAL CRITERION OF PRE-OUTBURST CRACK PROPAGATION
IN COAL BEDS
A. V. Shadrin
Kemerovo State University,
ul. Krasnaya 6, Kemerovo, 650043, Russia
e-mail: ashadr1951@mail.ru
The process of crack propagation in the coal face area is considered as an informative sign of coal and gas outburst hazard. In the known condition of crack growth at a certain distance from a coal face, it is suggested to replace mechanical parameters by geophysical data through application of different evaluation approaches: actual stresses—by spectral–acoustic method relative to amplitudes of high-frequency and low-frequency components of acoustic signal generated by mining machines in coal face area; pore pressure—by analysis of methane concentration in mine air in coal face area; strength of the most folded coal bed—by measuring strength based on penetration depth of a steel cone. The author analyzes the influence of acoustic, strength and permeability and porosity properties of coal face area on limit value of geophysical pre-outburst crack propagation criterion.
Outburst hazard index, crack propagation criterion, spectral–acoustic method, air-and-gas control equipment, stress state, coal strength characteristics, pore pressure, methane concentration
DOI: 10.1134/S106273911604107X
REFERENCES
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13. Shtumf, G.G., Egorov, P.V., Petrov, A.I., et al., Gornoe davlenie v podgotovitel’nykh vyrabotkakh ugol’nykh shakht (Rock Pressure in development Roadways in Coal Mines), Moscow: Nedra, 1996.
14. Shadrin, A.V., Egorov, P.V., and Trusov, S.E., Outburst Hazard Criteria Developed and Used in Coal Mines in Kuzbass, Vestn. KuzGTU, 2003, no. 4, pp. 14–20.
15. Instruktsiya po bezopasnomu vedeniyu gornykh rabot na plastakh, opasnykh po vnezapnym vybrosam uglya, porody i gaza (RD 05–350–00). Preduprezhdenie gazodinamicheskikh yavlenii v ugol’nykh shakhtakh: sb. dokumentov (Guidelines on Safe Mining in Rock, Cola and Gas Outburst-Hazardous Beds. Prevention of Gas-Dynamic Events in Coal Mines: Source-Book), Moscow: NTTs Bezopas. Prom. Gosgortekhnadzor Rossii, 2000.
16. Rzhevsky, V.V. and Novik, G.Ya., Osnovy fiziki gornykh porod (Principles of Physics of Rocks), Moscow: Nedra, 1978.
17. Zykov, V.S., Lebedev, A.V., and Surkov, A.V., Preduprezhdenie gazodinamicheskikh yavlenii pri provedenii vyrabotok po ugol’nym plastam (Prevention of Gas-Dynamic Events in In-Seam Driving), Kemerovo: KRO AGN, 1997.
18. Shadrin, A.V. and Degtyareva, M.V., Factors That Govern Crack Growth in Coal Beds, Vestn. Nauch. Tsentra Bezop. Rabot v Ugol’n. Prom., 2013, no. 11, pp. 127–132.
19. Feit, G.N., Prochnostnye svoistva i ustoichivost’ vybrosoopasnykh ugol’nykh plastov (Strength Characteristics and Stability of Outburst-Hazardous Coal Beds), Moscow: Nauka, 1966.
20. Slesarev, V.D., Mekhanika gornykh porod i rudnichnoe kreplenie (Rock Mechanics and Mine Support), Moscow: Ugletekhizdat, 1948.
21. Klein, G.K., Stroitel’naya mekhania sypuchikh tel (Construction Mechanics of Granular Bodies), Moscow: Stroiizdat, 1977.
22. Shadrin, A.V. and Konovalenko, V.A., Principles of Automatic Continuous Monitoring of Gas-Dynamic Events in Coal Mines, in Kuzbass, Vestn. KuzGTU, 2001, no. 3, pp. 28–31.
23. Khodot, V.V., Vnezapnye vybrosy uglya i gaza (Coal and Gas Outbursts), Moscow: Gos. Nauch.-Tekh. Izd. Lit. po Gorn. Delu, 1961.
VARIATIONS OF TEMPERATURE IN SPECIMENS OF ROCKS
AND GEOMATERIALS UNDER FAILURE
V. V. Seredin and A. S. Khrulev
Perm State University,
ul. Bukireva 15, Perm, 614990 Russia
e-mail: nedra@nedra.perm.ru
Loading causes stress concentration around defects in rocks, which induces initiation and propagation of cracks. Physically, external loading shows itself in rocks as acoustic and electromagnetic emission, included infrared radiation. Experimentally, it is found that in specimens of geomaterials under uniaxial tension, temperature is minimum; under uniaxial compression, temperature grows; under triaxial stress, temperature is maximum. It has been succeeded to derive equations for temperature prediction in a material in the zone of main crack as function of failure load. The method to estimate stress state based on the data on infrared radiation in materials is developed.
Soil stress, critical crack, temperature, uniaxial compression and tension
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041081 REFERENCES
1. Seredin, V.V., Leibovich, L.O., Pushkareva, M.V., Kopylov, I.S., and Khrulev, A.S., Evolution of Fracture Surface Morphology in Rocks, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 409–412.
2. Oparin, V.N., Usol’tseva, O.M., Semenov, V.N., and Tsoi, P.A., Evolution of Stress–Strain State in Structured Rock Specimens under Uniaxial Loading, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 677–690.
3. Bobryakov, A.P., Stick–Slip Mechanism in a Granular Medium, J. Min. Sci., 2010, vol. 46,
no. 6, pp. 600–605.
4. Chikov, B.M., Kargapolov, S.A., and Ushakov, G.D., Experimental Stress–Transformation of Perknit, Geolog. Geofiz., 1989, no. 6, pp. 75–79.
5. Voznesensky, A.S., Ustinov, K.B., and Shkuratnik, V.L., Theoretical Model of Acoustic Emission under Mechanical Loading of Rocks in the Zone of Maximum Compaction, Prikl. Mekh. Tekhn. Fiz., 2006,
vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 145–152.
6. Voznesensky, A.S., Kutkin, Ya.O., Krasilov, M.N., Interrelation of the Acoustic Q-Factor and Strength in Limestone, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 23–30.
7. Oparin, V.N., Yakovitskaya, G.E., Vostretsov, A.G., Seryakov, V.M., and Krivetsky, A.V., Mechanical–Electromagnetic Transformations in Rocks on Failure, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 343–356.
8. Seredin, V.V., Analyses of Temperature in Rocks in a Fracture Zone, Fund. Issled., 2014, nos. 9–12.
9. Sheinin, V.I., Levin, B.V., Motovilov, E.F., Morozov, A.A., and Favorov, A.V., Diagnostic Infrared Radiometry of Quick Periodic Changes of Stresses in Rocks, Fiz. Zemli, 2001, no. 4, pp. 24–30.
10. Oparin, V.N., Kiryaeva, T.A., Gavrilov, V.Yu., Shutilov, R.A., Kovchavtsev, A.P., Tanaino, A.S.,
Efimov, V.P., Astrakhantsev, I.E., and Grenev, I.V., Interaction of Geomechanical and Physicochemical Processes in Kuzbass Coal, J. Min. Sci., 2014, vol. 50, no. 2, 191–214.
11. Seredin, V.V., Strength Ratings of Rocks, J. Min. Sci., 1985, no. 2.
12. Seredin, V.V. and Laptev, B.V., USSR Author’s Certificate no. 1173244, Byull. Izobret., 1985, no. 30.
13. Molchanov, V.I., Selezneva, O.G., and Osipov, S.L., Mechanical Activation of a Mineral Substance as a Precondition of Stress-Transformations in Lineament Zones, Struktura lineamentnykh zon stress-metaformizma (Structure of Lineament Zones under Stress-Metamorphism), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1990.
14. Kuksenko, V.S., Makhmudov, Kh.V., Mansurov, V.A., Sultanov, U., and Rustamova, M.Z., J. Min. Sci., 2009, 45: 355. DOI: 10.1007/s10913–009–0044–3.
ESTIMATION OF MAIN FRACTURE INITIATION ENERGY IN SEPARATING STONE BLOCKS FROM ROCK MASS BY IMPACT ON PLASTIC MATERIAL IN DRILLHOLE
P. N. Tambovtsev
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: tambovskiyp@mail.ru
Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Construction–SIBSTRIN,
ul. Leningradskaya 113, Novosibirsk, 630008 Russia
Based on the experimental data on separation of stone blocks from rock mass, the author has developed an approximate analytical model to find energy input required to initiate main crack depending on mechanical properties of rocks, geometry of bench, diameter of drillholes and meterage drilled.
Rock mass, line of drillholes, plastic substance, tool, shock, crack, separation
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041093 REFERENCES
.1. Alekseenko, O.P., Designs of Hard Roof Fracturing with Plastic Fluid, Vzaimodeistvie mekhanizirovannykh krepei s bokovymi porodami (Powered Support and Sidewall Interaction, Novosibirsk: IGD SO RAN, 1987.
2. Chernov, O.I. and Kyu, N.G., Rupture of Natural Rocks by Fluids, J. Min. Sci., 1988, vol. 24,
no. 6, pp. 560–569.
3. Chernov, O.I. and Kyu, N.G., Oriented Rupture of Solids by Highly Viscous Fluid, J. Min. Sci., 1996,
vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 362–367.
4. Kyu, N.G. and Chernov, O.I., RF patent no. 2131032, Byull. Izobret., 1999, no. 15.
5. Kyu, N.G., Freidin, A.M., and Chernov, O.I., Dimension Stone Production Using Hydraulic Fracturing, Gornyi Zh., 2001, no. 3, pp. 71–75.
6. Tambovtsev, P.N., Experimental Investigation into the Impact Fluid Fracturing of Rock Blocks, J. Min. Sci., 2004, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 265–272.
7. Petreev, A.M. and Tambovtsev, P.N., Impact Loading of a Hard Rock via Plastic Substance in a Drill Hole, J. Min. Sci., 2006, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 592–599.
8. Kyu, N.G., Particular Issues Associated with Fluid Fracturing of Rocks by Plastic Materials, J. Min. Sci., 2011, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 450–459.
9. Tambovtsev, P.N., Physical Simulation of Stone Block Cutting under Impact Action on Plastic Substance in Drill Hole, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 73–80.
10. Belyaev, N.M., Soprotivlenie materialov (Material Strength), Moscow: Nauka, 1965.
11. Karkashadze, G.G., Mekhanicheskoe razrushenie gornykh porod (Rock Disintegration), Moscow:
MGGU, 2004.
12. Karasev, Yu.G. and Baka, N.T., Prirodnyi kamen’, dobycha blochnogo i stenovogo kamnya: ucheb. posobie (Natural Stone, Dimension Stone and Masonry Block Production: Educational Aid), Saint-Petersburg: SPbGGU, 1997.
SCIENCE OF MINING MACHINES
DETERMINATION OF LENGTH OF HORIZONTAL PNEUMATIC TRANSPORT LINE IN DRILLING MACHINE FOR MUD REMOVAL BY NEGATIVE PRESSURE
B. B. Danilov and B. N. Smolyanitsky
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: bsmol@misd.ru
Under discussion is soil transport by negative pressure generated in horizontal rotating pipeline. Based on the relations between soil batch velocity, soil batch mass and diameter of the pipeline, the authors have developed procedure to determine the limit pipeline length. The rotary velocity of the pipeline is related with its diameter. Reliability of the proposed procedure results is experimentally proved.
Drilling, drillhole, pipeline, transport, soil batch, pressure differential
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041105 REFERENCES
1. Trubetskoy, K.N. (Ed.), Gornye nauki. Osvoenie i sokhranenie nedr Zemli (Mining Sciences. Development and Preservation of the Earth’s Mineral Resources), Moscow: AGN, 1997.
2. Smolyanitsky, B.N., Repin, A.A., Danilov, B.B., et al., Enhancing Efficiency and Useful Life of Pulse-Generating Machines for Hole Drilling in Rocks, Integratsionnye proekty SO RAN (Integration Projects of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences), Issue 43, Novosibirsk, SO RAN, 2013.
3. Malevich, I.P. and Matveev, A.I., Pnevmaticheskii transport sypuchikh stroitel’nykh materialov (Air Conveying of Granular Construction Materials), Moscow: Stroiizdat, 1979.
4. Danilov, B.B. and Smolyanitsky, B.N., New Long Hole Horizontal Drilling Machine with Broken Soil Removal under Compressed Air, Stroit. Dorozh. Mash., 2013, no. 7, pp. 17–22.
5. Danilov, B.B. and Smolyanitsky, B.N., RF patent 2344241, Byull. Izobret., 2009, no. 2.
6. Danilov, B.B. and Smolyanitsky, B.N., Concerted Operation of Pneumatic Percussion Tool and Air-Aided Chips Removal Line in Horizontal Hole Drilling Machines, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 459–464.
7. Danilov, B.B. , Smolyanitsky, B.N., and Sher, E.N., Determination of Conditions for Compressed
Air-Assisted Removal of Plastic Soil in Horizontal Pipeline in Drilling, J. Min. Sci., 2014, vol. 50,
no. 3, pp. 484–490.
8. http://www.220-volt.ru/
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MINERAL MINING TECHNOLOGY
SINGLE-PHASE LOCAL OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR LIMESTONE SUPPLY FROM OPEN PIT MINES TO HEAT POWER PLANTS IN SERBIA
M. Radosavljević, S. Vujića, T. Boshevski, J. Prashtalo, and B. Jovanović
Mining Institute of Belgrade,
Batajnicki put 2, Zemun, 11080 Serbia
e-mail: slobodan.vujic@ribeograd.ac.rs
Rudproekt, Aleksandar Makedonski 9, Skopje, 1000 R. Macedonia
Coordination of heating energy sector performance and legal regulations and standards in the area of air protection from toxic substances involves opportunity analysis of limestone supply as limestone is used as deoxidant in the process of sulfur removal from smoke fuses. The problem of supplying heat power plants with limestone reduces to location identification, i.e. selection of an open pit mine offering the lowest cost of transportation. The authors present a single-phase local model for evaluation of decision-making in management of limestone supply to heat energy sector plants in Serbia.
Single-phase local model, supply management, limestone, heat power plant, open pit mine
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041117 REFERENCES
1. Ahmet Yucekaya and Kadir Has, Cost Minimizing Coal Logistics for Power Plants Considering Transportation Constraints, Journal of Traffic and Logistics Engineering, 2013, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 122–127.
2. Bodon, P., Fricke, C, Sandeman, T., and Stanford, C., Modeling the Mining Supply Chain from Mine to Port. A Combined Optimization and Stimulation Approach, J. Min. Sci., 2011, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 202–211.
3. Reay-Chen Wanga and Tien-Fu Liangb, Applying Possibilistic Linear Programming to Aggregate production Planning, Int. J. Production Economics, 2005, pp. 328–341.
4. Stanojević, R., Optimization Macro-Economy Models, Velatra, Belgrade, 2001.
5. Case Study on the Possibility of Limestone Supplies for the Purpose of Smoke Gases Desulfurization at the Thermal Power Plant Kostolac, Thermal Power Plant Nikola Tesla And New Thermo-Energetic Facilities, Mining Institute And Tekon, Belgrade, 2014.
6. Vujić, S., Optimization Methods—Application of Linear Programming in Open Pit Mining, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade, 1977.
7. Vujić, S., Miljanović, I., Kuzmanović, M., et al., The Deterministic and Fuzzy Linear Approach in Planning the Production of Mine System with Several Open Pits, Archives of Mining Sciences, 2011, vol. 56, no. 3, 2011, pp. 489–497.
8. Vujić, S., Benović, T., Miljanović, et al., Fuzzy Linear Model of Production Optimization of Mining Systems with Multiple Entities, International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 2011, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 633–637.
METHOD AND ESTIMATION OF EFFICIENT DIFFERENTIATION OF COAL RESERVES BASED ON WASHABILITY
E. V. Freidina, A. A. Botvinnik, and A. N. Dvornikova
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: albyna@misd.ru
Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management,
ul. Kamenskaya 52, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
The presented geological and technical factors make it possible to differentiate coal reserves in South Yakutia based on their property of washability. The authors have constructed algorithm for processing of data of float-and-sink analysis and evaluated coal reserves differentiation criteria. The article describes model of optimization of concentrate yield and quality management and proposes matrix of composition of end products based on the market requirements.
Reserves differentiation, density composition model, washability category, concentrate, end product quality management
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041129 REFERENCES
1. USSR State Standard GOST 10100–84, Ugli kamennye i antratsit. Metod opredeleniya obogatimosti (Bituminous Coal and Anthracite. Washability Determination), Moscow: Izd. standartov, 1984.
2. Sokolov, V.G., Krivye obogatimosti uglei (Coal Washability Curves), Moscow: Gosgortekhizdat, 1962.
3. Zemlyakov, B.A., Prognozirovanie kharakteristik obogatimosti uglei (Predicting Washability Characteristics of Coal), Moscow: Nedra, 1978.
4. USSR State Standard GOST 4790–80, Ugli burye, kamennye, antratsit i goryuchie slantsy. Metod fraktsionnogo analiza (Lignite, Bituminous Coal, Anthracite and Oil Shale. Float-and-Sink Analysis) Moscow: Izd. standartov, 1980.
5. Freidina, E.V., Dvornikova, A.N., and Tret’yakov, S.A., Structure and Models of the Computer-Aided Current Planning of Mining with Optimizing Batch Mixture Composition and Calculating Yield of Washed Product of Baking Coal, Voprosy sovershenstvovaniya gornykh rabot na shakhtakh i kar’erakh Sibiri (Improvement of Open Pit and Underground Mining in Siberia), Novosibirsk: IGD SO AN SSSR, 1990, pp. 121–138.
6. Dvornikova, A.N. and Tret’yakov, S.A., Methodical Basis for Estimation of Coal Washability for Formulating a Batch Mixture in Open Pit Mines, Osvoenie toplivno-energeticheskikh kompleksov vostochnykh raionov strany (Development of the Fuel-and-Energy Industry in the East of the Country), Novosibirsk: IGD SO AN SSSR, 1989, pp. 147–159.
7. Freidina, E.V., Dvornikova, A.N., and Tret’yakov, S.A., Evaluating the Utilization of Coking-Coal Reserves, J. Min. Sci., 1997, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 463–470.
8. Antipenko, L.A., Modern Technologies of Coal Preparation and Washing, Ugol’, 2015, no. 12, pp. 68–72.
9. Kotkin, A.M., Yampol’sky, M.N., and Gerashchenko, K.D., Otsenka obogatimosti uglya i effektivnosti protsessov obogashcheniya (Evaluating Coal Washability and Washing Efficiency), Moscow:
Nedra, 1982.
10. Kozlov, V.A., The Variation of the Concentration Ratio Output for Different Grain Size Classes of the Metallurgical Coal at Elginskoe Deposit, GIAB, 2011, no. 5.
11. Freidina, E.N., Botvinnik, A.A., and Dvornikova, A.N., Coal Quality Control in the Context of International Standards ISO 9000–2000, J. Min. Sci., 2008, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 589–599.
STRIPPING WITH DIRECT DUMPING IN KUZBASS OPEN PIT MINES: THE CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS
V. I. Cheskidov and V. K. Norri
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: cheskid@misd.nsc.ru
The analytical results are given for application of stripping with direct dumping in open pit mines in Kuzbass. It is emphasized that this most productive and the least power-consuming technology loses its weight in the overall content of overburden stripping. The authors propose a method to determine rational boundaries for application area of stripping with direct dumping using slice re-excavation coefficient. The scope of the discussion comprises potential trends of the technology and use of draglines towards enhancement of open pit mining efficiency.
Open pit mine, stripping with direct dumping, dragline, application area
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041130 REFERENCES
1. Tarazanov, I.G., Coal Industry Performance in RF in 2015, Ugol’, 2016, no. 3.
2. Repin, N.Ya. and Fazalov, G.T., Introduction of overburden dumping by blasting to mined-out area in mining with direct dumping in Kuzbass, Ugol’, 1971, no. 5.
3. Trubetskoy, K.N., Krasnyansky, G.L., and Khronin, V.V., Proektirovanie kar’erov (Open Pit Mine Design), Moscow: AGN, 2001.
4. Cheskidov, V.I. and Norri, V.K., Enhancing Efficiency of Combination Mining Systems for Horizontal and Gently Dipping Bedded Deposits, GIAB, 2005, no. 1.
5. Official web site of Kuzbass razrezugol Coal Company, www.kru.ru/about/indices/.
6. Vasil’ev, E.I. and Cheskidov, V.I., Substantiation of Application of Overburden Rehandling in Flat Dipping Deposits, J. Min. Sci., 2003, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 586–590.
7. Gvozdkova, T.N., Mining with Direct Dumping in a Series of Three Flat Dipping Beds with the Overall Thickness of Partings of 80 m in Sibirginsky Open Pit Mine, Vestn. KuzGTU, 2004, no. 3.
8. Nazarov, I.V., Numerical Modeling of Overburden Rehandling by Draglines, Vestn. BFU, 2013, no. 4.
9. Men’shonok, P.P. and Cheskidov, V.I., Selection of a Mining Scheme for Gently Dipping Deposits at the Maximum Internal Dumping in Mined-Out Area, Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Open Pit Mining, Moscow, 1996.
10. Selyukov, V.O., Technological Significance of Internal Dumping in Open Pit Coal Mining in the Kemerovo Region, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 879–887.
11. Kirillov, M.A., Improvement of Efficiency of Overburden Dumping by Blasting to Mined-Out-Area in Open Pit Coal Mining with Direct Dumping Technology, Cand. Tech. Sci. Dissertation, Irkutsk, 1999.
12. Ivanovsky, D.S., Removal of Different Strength Overburden to Mined-Out Area of an Open Pit Mine by Blasthole Blasting, Ratsional. Osvoen. Nedr, 2011, no. 2, pp. 54–57.
MINE AEROGASDYNAMICS
EVALUATION OF VENTILATION FLOW CHARTS FOR DOUBLE-LINE SUBWAY TUNNELS WITHOUT AIR CHAMBERS
A. M. Krasyuk, I. V. Lugin, E. L. Alferova, and L. A. Kiyanitsa
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: krasuk@cn.ru
The authors inspect operation of ventilation system in a double-line subway tunnel. It is found that air flow rates required for tunnels and passenger stations differ greatly. For routine operation modes in subway tunnels, the authors evaluate longitudinal ventilation flow chart without station-to-station air chambers, which considerably decreases construction cost of subway ventilation infrastructure. Static pressure fluctuations on outside faces of trains that move in a tunnel in opposite directions are determined. For emergency operation modes of subway tunnel ventilation, under train fire in a tunnel, the authors evaluate a fore-and-aft chart of smoke removal. Toxic emission concentration due to smoke fumes on the way of a breakdown train evacuation is determined. It is proposed to install longitudinal screens in tunnels to ensure safe concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on either way from a breakdown train to a station.
Subway, tunnel ventilation, double-line tunnel, emergency operation mode, carbon dioxide concentration, longitudinal screen
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041154 REFERENCES
1. Starkov, A.Yu., Construction Technology of the Double-Line Running Tunnel in the Saint-Petersburg Metro, Metro Tonneli, 2011, no. 2, pp. 8–9.
2. Frolov, Yu.S., Experience and Prospects of the Transport Infrastructure in Spain, Metro Tonneli, 2012,
no. 3, pp. 1–9.
3. Krasyuk, A.M., Lugin, I.V., and Pavlov, S.A., Circulatory Air Rings and Their Influence on Air Distribution in Shallow Subways, J. Min. Sci., 2010, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 431–437.
4. Krasyuk, A.M., Lugin, I.V., Pavlov, S.A., Romanov, V.I., and Mel’nik, G.A., RF patent no. 2556558, Byull. Izobret., 2015, no. 19.
5. RF Construction Code SP 120.13330.2012. Subways, Moscow: Minregion Rossii, 2013.
6. Krasyuk, A.M., Tonnel’naya ventilyatsiya metropolitenov (Tunnel Ventilation in Subways), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2006.
7. Loitsyansky, L.G., Mekhanika zhidkosti i gaza: ucheb. dlya vuzov (Mechanics of Liquid and Gas: University Textbook), Moscow: Nauka, 1987.
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CYCLICAL BEHAVIOR OF METHANE EMISSIONS IN. A. LONGWALL
A. A. Ordin, A. M. Timoshenko, A. A. Metel’kov, and S. A. Kolenchuk
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: ordin@misd.ru
VostNII Science Center,
ul. Institutskaya 3, Kemerovo, 650002 Russia
Giprougol Institute,
ul. Trikotazhnaya 41a, Novosibirsk, 630015 Russia
The authors have revealed analytical dependences for the length of a longwall and the background methane emission from a coal bed, mined-out void and wall rocks during a maintenance shift. The actual values of methane release in Kotinskaya Mine and methane concentration in a breakage heading of Kostromovskaya Mine, Belon, measured using air-and-gas control equipment are presented. The authors evaluate theoretical relationships for the cyclical behavior of methane release during a work shift in a production heading of a coal mine.
Mine, production heading, longwall length, methane emission, methane concentration, cyclical behavior
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041166 REFERENCES
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MINERAL DRESSING
EFFECT OF ACID AND ELECTROCHEMICAL TREATMENT
ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF TANTALITE, COLUMBITE, ZIRCON AND FELDSPAR
V. A. Chanturia, E. L. Chanturia, I. Zh. Bunin, M. V. Ryazantseva,
E. V. Koporulina, A. L. Samusev, and N. E. Anashkina
Institute of Integrated Mineral Development—IPKON, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Kryukovskii tupik 4, Moscow, 111020 Russia
e-mail: vchan@mail.ru
The article gives a report on integrated experimental research into targeted change of chemical and phase composition of surface and increase in contrast of physicochemical, electrical and electrochemical properties of tantalite, columbite and zircon under treatment by acid product of water electrolysis—anolyte (pH < 5) and by muriatic solution (HCl, pH 3–3.5). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high resolution spectroscopy and chemical and electrophysical techniques reveal the mechanism of structural–chemical surface transformation of tantalite, columbite, zircon and feldspar under leaching in acid solutions; this surface transformation mechanism consists in activation of dissolving of iron- and silicate-containing surface films and high-rate oxidation of iron atoms in surface layer of tantalite and columbite, with transition of Fe(II) to Fe(III) and surface destruction of zircon, with formation of oxygen-vacant defects of and type under influence of anolyte.
Tantalite, columbite, zircon, feldspar, quartz, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, microscopy, physicochemical and electric properties, anolyte and HCl solution treatment of minerals
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041190 REFERENCES
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10. Chanturia, V.A., Bunin, I.Zh., Ryazantseva, M.V., Khabarova, I.A., X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy-Based Analysis of Change in the Composition and Chemical State of Atoms of Chalcopyrite and Sphalerite Surface before and after the Nanosecond Electromagnetic Pulse Treatment, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 489–498.
11. Chanturia, V.A. and Vigdergauz,V.E., Elektrokhimiya sul’fidov. Teoriya i praktika flotatsii (Sulfide Electrochemistry. Theory and Practice of Flotation), Moscow: Ruda Metally, 2008.
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16. Bunin, I.Zh., Chanturia, V.A., Anashkina, N.E., and Ryazantseva, M.V., Experimental Validation of Mechanism for Pulsed Energy Effect on Structure, Chemical Properties and Microhardness of Rock-Forming Minerals of Kimberlites, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 799–810.
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RATIONAL SEPARATION OF COMPLEX COPPER–ZINC CONCENTRATES
OF SULFIDE ORE
V. A. Bocharov, V. A. Ignatkina, and A. A. Kayumov
National University of Science and Technology—MISIS,
Leninskii pr. 4, Moscow, 119049 Russia
e-mail: woda@mail.ru
Monomineral and compound fractions, ore material and concentrates are used to study the effect of basic processing factors on mineral separation. The key criteria are determined to choose a method of selective extraction of minerals and their species in various cycles of a process flow chart. Such key criteria include: degree of activating effect of copper minerals on other sulfides; multifunction role of iron compounds; medium pH values; combination and concentration of depressing ions of modifying reagents; ratios of selective collectors in their combinations; scientific principles of flow chart designing; principles of concentration and recovery of minerals in different processes of dressing.
Minerals, sulfides, species, flotation, activation, depression, oxidation, flotation reagents, fractionating, concentrating, hydrophobic nature, hydrophilic nature, contrast, technology, model, flow chart
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041202 REFERENCES
1. Bocharov, V.A. and Ignatkina, V.A., Tekhnologiya obogashcheniya poleznykh iskopaemykh (Mineral Processing), Moscow: Ruda Metally, 2007, vol. 1.
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9. Bocharov, V.A., Ignatkina, V.A., and Khachatryan, L.S., Problems of Separation of Mineral Complexes in Processing of Massive Rebellious Nonferrous Metal Ores, Tsv. Met., 2014, no. 5, pp. 16–23.
10. Abramov, A.A., Flotatsiya. Sul’fidnye mineraly: sobranie sochinenii (Flotation. Sulfide Minerals: Collected Works), Moscow: Gorn. Kniga, 2013, vol. VIII.
11. Chanturia, V.A., Perspectives of Sustainable Mining Industry Advance in Russia, Gorny Zh., 2007, no. 2.
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13. Ignatkina, V.A., Bocharov, V.A., and D’yachkov, F.G., Enhancing the Disparity in Flotation Properties of Nonferrous Metal Sulfides Using Sulfhydryl Collecting Agents with Different Molecular Structure, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 389–397.
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19. Himawan, T. B. M. Petrus and Hirajima, Petrus T., Alternative Techniques to Separate Tennantite from Chalcopyrite: Single Minerals and Arseno–Copper Ore Flotation Study, Proc. XXVI IMPC, New Deli, 2012.
STRENGTH RESEARCH OF ROCK CORES AFTER HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION
S. A. Kondrat’ev, V. I. Rostovtsev, and I. I. Baksheeva
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: kondr@misd.nsc.ru
The data of experimental research into mechanical properties of limestone, hornfels and sandstone cores after treatment by accelerated electrons show that the irradiation changes the strength and deformation characteristics of the tested rocks. In limestone and hornfels, uniaxial compression strength and elasticity modulus decrease, and ratio of P- and S- wave velocities changes; in sandstone tensile strength decreases, while uniaxial compression strength, P- and S-wave velocities and dynamic Young’s modulus grow. Modification of the minerals after accelerated electron irradiation opens ways of creating efficient energy-saving technologies for pre-treatment and processing of complex ores.
Mineral raw material, limestone, hornfels, sandstone, strength, deformation, acoustics, elastic waves, accelerated electron irradiation, ore pre-treatment
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041214 REFERENCES
1. Chanturia, V.A. and Malyarov, P.V., Review of Global Advance in Mineral Disintegration Engineering and Technology in Mineral Processing, Proc. Int. Conf. Plaksin’s Lectures–2012 “Modern Processing Mineralogy Techniques in Comprehensive Raw Mineral Material Processing, Petrozavodsk: Karelia Scientific Center, RAS, 2012, pp 3–10.
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9. Wang, H., Bochkarev G. R., Rostovtsev, V.I., Veigel’t, Yu.P., and Lu, S., Intensification of Polymetallic Sulfide Ore Dressing by High-Energy Electrons, J. Min. Sci., 2002, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 499–505.
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EFFICIENT PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROCESSING OF WASTE OF COAL-FIRING HEAT-POWER PLANTS
V. S. Rimkevich, A. P. Sorokin, and O. V. Churushova
Institute of Geology and Nature Management, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
per. Relochnyi 1, Blagoveshchensk, 675000 Russia
e-mail: igip@ascnet.ru
Amur Science Center, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
per. Relochnyi 1, Blagoveshchensk, 6750000 Russia
e-mail: amurnc@ascnet.ru
The research is aimed at revealing optimum physicochemical conditions for waste processing at coal-firing heat-power plants. The efficient technology has been developed for integrated extraction of amorphous silica, alumina, English red and other useful components.
Coal-firing power plant waste, physicochemical processing, integrated extraction, efficient technology, amorphous silica, alumina, useful components
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041226 REFERENCES
1. Cherepanov, A.A. and Kardash, V.T., Integrated Processing of Heat Power Plant Wastes, Geology and Mineral Resources of the World Ocean, 2009, no. 2, pp. 98–115.
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GEOINFORMATION SCIENCE
AN APPROACH TO MULTI-LAYER GEOINFORMATION SYSTEM
FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL OF MINING REGIONS BASED
ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
V. P. Potapov, V. N. Oparin, E. L. Schastlivtsev, O. L. Giniyatullina,
I. E. Kharlampenkov, and P. V. Sidorenko
Kemerovo Division, Institute of Computational Technologies,
Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. Rukavishnikova 21, Kemerovo, 650025 Russia
e-mail: kembict@gmail.com
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: oparin@misd.ncs.ru
The development of a new approach to a distributed information system for bio-diversity appraisal in mining regions, with the use of data storage technologies, cloud computing services and mental processing and analysis of multivariable data is in process. It is suggested to adhere to a cardinally new solution in such system engineering and to add the architecture of such system with NoSQL MongoDB and GeoNetwork components that essentially offload the geoinformation system when retrying special calculations and user requests.
Geoecological block formation, multi-layer system for geomechanical, geodynamic and ecological safety of Russia, distributed systems, bio-diversity appraisal, data storage, cloud-computing service, mining regions, Kuzbass
DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116041238 REFERENCES
1. Adushkin, V.V. and Oparin, V.N., From the Alternating-Sign Explosion Response of Rocks to Pendulum Waves in Stressed Geomedia, J. Min. Sci., Part I, 2012, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 203?222; Part II, 2013, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 175?209; Part III, 2014, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 623?645; Part IV, 2016, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 1?35.
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4. Logov, A.B., Oparin, V.N., Potapov, V.P., Schastlivtsev, E.L., and Yukina, N.I., Entropy Analysis of Process Wastewater Composition in Mineral Mining Region, J. Min. Sci., 2015, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 186?196.
5. Oparin, V.N., Potapov, V.P., Giniyatullina, O.L., and Schastlivtsev, E.L., Studies into the Processes of Mine Waste Dump Filling up by Vegetation Using Remote Sensing Data, J. Min. Sci., 2013, vol. 49,
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NEW METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS IN MINING
POLYMERIC INSULATING COMPOSITIONS FOR IMPERVIOUS SCREENING
IN ROCK MASSES
S. V. Serdyukov, T. V. Shilova, and A. N. Drobchik
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Krasnyi pr. 54, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia
e-mail: ss3032@yandex.ru
The three-component polyurethane composition is developed to create impervious screens in rock mass by hydraulic fracturing technique. Formulas for working fluids and their injection charts are given. The article describes a lab test and the test data on polymer setting time versus activator concentration and on effect of the fluid composition on the permeability of a porous medium at the limited flow rate of reagent per unit area of the screen.
Rock mass, impervious screen, polymeric insulating composition, setting time, gas permeability, hydraulic fracturing
DOI: 10.1134/S106273911604125X
REFERENCES
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